{"title":"Decoding Liquid Biopsy with AI: Freeze–Thaw-Induced Fingerprints in Small Extracellular Vesicles","authors":"Xubin Zhu, , , Han Xie, , , Kaiyu Chen, , , Zhilin Zhang, , , Xudong Zhao, , , Zeyu Miao, , , Jinyi Xu, , , Yiwei Li*, , , Peng Chen*, , and , Bi-Feng Liu*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03217","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03217","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Liquid biopsy enables noninvasive cancer diagnosis via the detection of circulating tumor cells and small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), yet accurate tumor subtype discrimination remains limited by low biomarker abundance. Here, we propose a low-cost, automated cancer classification platform based on freeze–thaw-induced floating patterns of gold nanoparticles (FTFPA), integrating smartphone-based image capture and AI-driven analysis. The system classifies nine cell types and their sEVs with F1 scores of 0.891 and 0.898 (<i>n</i> = 864) and achieves 0.814 (<i>n</i> = 576) on clinical samples including healthy controls, breast nodules, and breast cancer subtypes. Capable of processing 96 samples in 1.5 min at 1% of conventional microscopy cost, the method exploits AuNP aggregation driven by freeze–induced concentration and weak interactions. This portable and rapid approach enables robust sEV classification and tumor subtype diagnosis, providing a practical solution for point-of-care cancer diagnostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"25 39","pages":"14293–14303"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145078450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Terahertz Non-Drude Conductivity of Mirror Twin Boundary Networks on Monolayer MoS2 Bicrystals","authors":"Cheolhee Han, , , Minji Noh, , , Heewon Park, , , Junsoo Yoon, , , Hyunje Cho, , , Gunho Moon, , , Seok Young Min, , , Sumin Lee, , , Hwanjung Chang, , , Hyunyong Choi*, , and , Moon-Ho Jo*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03984","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03984","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Mirror twin boundaries (MTBs) in monolayer MoS<sub>2</sub> bicrystals─the one-dimensional (1D) line defects between adjacent single-crystalline grains with 60° in-plane rotations─can host delocalized metallic states, forming continuous 1D network pathways within otherwise semiconducting monolayers upon large-area epitaxial growth. In this study, we investigated terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) on epitaxially grown MoS<sub>2</sub> bicrystal films, where the density of imbedded MTBs─and thus the percolative MTB network connection─was tuned during the metal–organic chemical vapor deposition. Our measurements reveal that the MTB networks generate characteristic low-energy attenuation, which becomes more substantial with increasing MTB densities and decreasing temperature. Using thin-film sheet conductivity calculations, we find that the conductivity spectra exhibit a distinct non-Drude response, described by partially localized Drude–Smith scattering features. Our findings suggest that the epitaxial manipulation of the MTB-imbedded MoS<sub>2</sub> bicrystal films can serve as an atomically thin THz attenuator for electromagnetic shielding applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"25 39","pages":"14473–14480"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145072094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Feather-Effect-Inspired Superhydrophobic and Zincophilic Strategy for Ultrastable Zn Metal Anodes","authors":"Chenyi Cao, , , Hongyu Lu, , , Zheng Yang, , , Yunsong Li, , , Yuxiao Lin*, , , Jijie Luo, , , Sijie Xiao, , , Jia-Lin Yang, , , Jingxin Zhao*, , , Xiangli Zhong, , , Xiaoping Ouyang*, , , Xing-Long Wu*, , and , Jinbin Wang*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03724","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03724","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Conventional artificial interface coatings can address the dendrite growth in aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) by homogenizing the Zn<sup>2+</sup> flux, but the coatings may still fail due to corrosion by free water molecules. Herein, inspired by the hydrophobic architecture of waterfowl feathers, a dual-functional hexadecanethiol (HDT)-Ag@Zn anode with zincophilic and superhydrophobic characteristics was successfully constructed. A feather-like Ag structure is in situ grown on a zinc substrate via a replacement reaction, and an HDT monolayer can be assembled through molecular self-organization. This cross-scale architecture synergistically optimizes zinc deposition kinetics and suppresses interfacial side reactions. The symmetric battery assembled with an HDT-Ag@Zn anode cycles stably for over 2600 h at 1 mA cm<sup>–2</sup> for 1 mAh cm<sup>–2</sup>. The HDT-Ag@Zn//V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> full cell delivers a remarkable capacity retention of 92.2% after 3500 cycles at 5 A g<sup>–1</sup>. This work provides new insights into resolving critical bottlenecks in AZIBs through bioinspired interface design, promoting practical application in next-generation energy storage systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"25 39","pages":"14384–14394"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145078453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-09-16DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03860
Shuning He, , , Mengjia Li, , , Jike Ding, , , Zuoling Zhang, , and , Cong Chen*,
{"title":"Multisite Anchoring Strategy of Rationally Designed Molecular Passivator for Achieving Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Shuning He, , , Mengjia Li, , , Jike Ding, , , Zuoling Zhang, , and , Cong Chen*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03860","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03860","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The inherent trap defects in perovskite materials severely limit the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this study, we introduce a novel multisite anchoring strategy (MAS) through the rational design of a 7-fluorobenzo[<i>b</i>]thiophene-2-carboxylic acid as a molecular passivator, aimed at simultaneously addressing multiple defects in perovskite films. The molecular passivator incorporates a benzothiophene backbone, a carboxylic acid group, and fluorine atoms, which work in synergy to reduce defect states and enhance the charge carrier extraction efficiency. As a result, the fabricated PSCs based on vacuum flash evaporation could achieve a high efficiency of 26.92% (with a stabilized certified efficiency of 26.79%). Moreover, the PSC devices could maintain over 96.2% of their initial efficiency after 2000 h of aging by the maximum power point tracking. This work paves the way for the design of multifunctional molecular additives that not only improve device efficiency but also ensure long-term operational stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"25 38","pages":"14195–14203"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145068289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-09-16DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03258
Viet-Anh Ha, , , Sabyasachi Tiwari, , and , Feliciano Giustino*,
{"title":"Ultrahigh Hole Mobility in Monolayer WSe2 Enabled by Spin–Orbit Suppression of Intervalley Scattering","authors":"Viet-Anh Ha, , , Sabyasachi Tiwari, , and , Feliciano Giustino*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03258","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03258","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Monolayer WSe<sub>2</sub> has recently emerged as a leading candidate for ultrascaled <i>p</i>-channel transistors, with record room-temperature hole mobilities exceeding 1000 cm<sup>2</sup>/(V s). Here, we reveal the microscopic origin of this exceptional performance using state-of-the-art <i>ab initio</i> Boltzmann transport calculations, incorporating GW quasiparticle corrections and long-range dipole and quadrupole corrections for two-dimensional materials. We obtained a phonon-limited hole mobility of 931 cm<sup>2</sup>/(V s) at room temperature, in excellent agreement with experiments. We find that this exceptionally high mobility results from the combined suppression of K–K and K–K′ scattering by spin–orbit-induced valley splitting and spin-valley locking, together with intrinsically weak polar and piezoelectric interactions. These results position monolayer WSe<sub>2</sub> as a front-runner for next-generation high-mobility <i>p</i>-channel electronics and point to spin–orbit engineering as a key strategy for the design of high-mobility semiconductors.</p>","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"25 39","pages":"14304–14309"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145068586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Directional Perfect Poincaré Beams Generated by Spin-Decoupling of VCSELs Using Integrated Metasurfaces","authors":"Bo Wu, , , Cheng-Long Zheng, , , Xi-Chen Liu, , , Qiu-Hua Wang, , , Jun Deng, , , Zheng-Tai Ma, , , Chen Xu, , , Pei-Nan Ni*, , , Qiang Kan*, , and , Yi-Yang Xie*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c02878","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c02878","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Perfect Poincaré beams (PPBs) are structured light fields, featuring constant beam size independent of topological charge, rich spin/orbital angular momentum (SAM/OAM), and complex polarization distributions, finding applications in optical communications, manipulation, and nonlinear optics. However, conventional PPBs generation methods rely on multiple bulky, alignment-sensitive optics, limiting both the efficiency and scalability of the system. To overcome these challenges, we present on-chip generation of PPBs with versatile functionalities by spin decoupling of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) using monolithically integrated metasurfaces. Our method enables direct generation of PPBs with on-demand OAM, polarization order, and output angles at the chip level, eliminating the need for discrete optical components, external laser sources, and their associated alignment requirements. It thereby provides a robust, scalable solution for PPB generation that is seamlessly compatible with existing photonic PPB sources in quantum information processing, super-resolution imaging, and high-dimensional optical communications.</p>","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"25 38","pages":"14002–14009"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145068290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-09-16DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c04089
Shunping Zhang*,
{"title":"How My First Nano Letters Paper Shaped My Career","authors":"Shunping Zhang*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c04089","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c04089","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"25 38","pages":"13975–13978"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145068291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-09-16DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03782
Bo Yuan, , , Yingxi Bai, , , Ying Dai*, , , Baibiao Huang, , and , Chengwang Niu*,
{"title":"Prediction of a Topological Magnon Insulator in a Two-Dimensional Chern Ferromagnet V2WS4 Monolayer","authors":"Bo Yuan, , , Yingxi Bai, , , Ying Dai*, , , Baibiao Huang, , and , Chengwang Niu*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03782","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03782","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The Chern insulator (CI) and its bosonic analogue, a topological magnon insulator (TMI), are of considerable fundamental and technological significance in low-dissipation devices. Here, we put forward the possibility that the exotic CI and TMI phases can emerge within a single two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnet. Taking the square lattice as an example, the V<sub>2</sub>WS<sub>4</sub> monolayer with a nonzero Chern number of <i>C</i> = 1 and the emergence of an electronic chiral edge state are employed as the material candidates to confirm the feasibility of our proposal. Moreover, the <i>M</i><sub><i>z</i></sub><i>C</i><sub>4<i>z</i></sub><sup>′</sup>-stabilized staggered alignment of the nearest-neighbor Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction sustains an emergent gauge flux ϕ that breaks pseudospin time-reversal symmetry, thereby giving rise to the TMI with a nontrivial magnon Hall effect. This dual topology enables unprecedented cross-coupling of anomalous transport phenomena, offering a platform for interconversion spin and charge information with a high feasibility of applications in topological spintronics.</p>","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"25 39","pages":"14436–14441"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145071844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neutrophil-Mediated Delivery Platforms for Synergistic Chemo-Immunotherapy of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Therapy","authors":"Rongze Sun, , , Yunshuang Jiao, , , Jicong Chen, , , Xiang Pang, , , Beilin Xue, , , Jiaqi Yao, , , Guanpeng Li, , , Yue Zhang, , , Jie Yang*, , and , Lesheng Teng*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c04210","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c04210","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Traditional nanocarriers possess good therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but usually suffer from high immunogenicity, poor biosafety, and low targeting. In this work, a neutrophil-mediated delivery platform constructed from neutrophils (NEs) and paclitaxel/transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) siRNA loaded cationic liposome, namely, siTGFβ-PLP-NEs, is fabricated for the combination therapy of NSCLC via synergistic chemo-immunotherapy. siTGFβ-PLP-NEs can be targeted to the tumor site and effectively release paclitaxel and siTGFβ, which is conducive to simultaneously inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells and the expression of TGF-β. The experimental results demonstrate that siTGFβ-PLP-NEs can prevent the transition of tumor-associated NEs from an anti-tumor (N1) phenotype to a pro-tumor (N2) phenotype, enhance CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell infiltration, and reduce regulatory T cell (Treg) infiltration, which provides a great promising combination therapy option to use neutrophil-mediated systems as a general-purpose delivery platform for the treatment of NSCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"25 38","pages":"14229–14236"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145068292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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