Social and Personality Psychology Compass最新文献_第9页

Uncertainty and risk during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A latent profile analysis COVID - 19大流行期间的不确定性和风险:潜在特征分析

2区心理学

Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2023-10-04 DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12890

Angela E. Johnson, Jacqueline Hua, Bianca Hinojosa, William B. Meese, Avia Gray, Jennifer L. Howell

{"title":"Uncertainty and risk during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A latent profile analysis","authors":"Angela E. Johnson, Jacqueline Hua, Bianca Hinojosa, William B. Meese, Avia Gray, Jennifer L. Howell","doi":"10.1111/spc3.12890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12890","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the present study, we examine how subgroups of people are characterized by different profiles of uncertainty surrounding COVID‐19, susceptibility, and recovery. Participants ( N = 199) were U.S. residents recruited online for a longitudinal study during the summer of 2020. We first, identified groups using latent profile analysis (LPA) and then examined whether these profiles predicted differences in COVID‐related risky and preventative behaviors. LPA identified five distinct profiles of people representing a combination of low and high uncertainty and low, moderate, and high risk perceptions. Results revealed that latent‐profile group membership predicted intention to interact with others outside of the household, intention to engage in non‐essential shopping, intention to attend an in‐person religious gathering, intention to wear a mask in public, and self‐reported physical distancing in the past week. Profile membership did not predict intentions to: dine out, go to the nail/hair salon, go to the gym, nor physically distance from others in the future, nor did it predict handwashing in the past week.","PeriodicalId":53583,"journal":{"name":"Social and Personality Psychology Compass","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135597265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stop the blame game: An analysis of blaming on Weibo during the early days of the COVID‐19 pandemic in rice and wheat areas in China 停止指责游戏:中国水稻和小麦产区COVID - 19大流行初期的微博指责分析

2区心理学

Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12903

Shuang Wang, Alexander S. English, Yue Deng, Ye Zi Zhou, Emma E. Buchtel

{"title":"Stop the blame game: An analysis of blaming on Weibo during the early days of the COVID‐19 pandemic in rice and wheat areas in China","authors":"Shuang Wang, Alexander S. English, Yue Deng, Ye Zi Zhou, Emma E. Buchtel","doi":"10.1111/spc3.12903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12903","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the pandemic era, social media has provided the public with a platform to make their voice heard. One of the most important public opinions online during a pandemic is blame . Blame can lead to stigma towards patients as well as potential patients and decrease social cooperation, which might impede prevention and control measures during epidemics. Thus, studying online blame during the early days of COVID‐19 can facilitate the management and control of future pandemics. By analyzing 3791 posts from one of the most popular social media sites in China (Weibo) over the 10 days immediately after COVID‐19 was declared to be a communicable disease, we found that there were four main agents blamed online: Individuals, corporations, institutions, and the media. Most of the blame targeted individual agents. We also found that there were regional‐cultural differences in the detailed types of blamed individual agents, that is, between rice‐ and wheat‐farming areas in China. After controlling influence of distance from the epicenter of Wuhan, there were still stable differences between regions: people in wheat areas had a higher probability of blaming agentic, harmful individuals, and people in rice areas had a higher probability of blaming individuals with low awareness of social norms for preventive health behavior. Findings have implications for preventing and predicting blame across cultures in future pandemics.","PeriodicalId":53583,"journal":{"name":"Social and Personality Psychology Compass","volume":"132 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135246899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Psychopathy and COVID‐19: Callousness, impulsivity, and motivational reasons for engaging in prevention behavior 精神病和COVID - 19:参与预防行为的麻木、冲动和动机原因

2区心理学

Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12900

Luke J. Tacke, David A. Lishner, Amy Knepple Carney, Michael J. Vitacco, Ben Saltigerald, Haley R. Jacquez, Vanessa Hillman, MacKenzie Meendering, Brittany Burgess, Allison Smith, Craig S. Neumann

{"title":"Psychopathy and COVID‐19: Callousness, impulsivity, and motivational reasons for engaging in prevention behavior","authors":"Luke J. Tacke, David A. Lishner, Amy Knepple Carney, Michael J. Vitacco, Ben Saltigerald, Haley R. Jacquez, Vanessa Hillman, MacKenzie Meendering, Brittany Burgess, Allison Smith, Craig S. Neumann","doi":"10.1111/spc3.12900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12900","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Two direct replication studies were conducted to investigate the associations of psychopathic traits with engagement in COVID‐19 prevention behavior and motivational reasons for engaging in such behavior. College undergraduate students completed two self‐report measures of psychopathic traits based on the four‐factor conceptualization of psychopathy (callous affect, manipulative tendency, erratic lifestyle, criminal tendency) and the triarchic conceptualization of psychopathy (meanness, disinhibition, boldness). Participants then reported the degree to which they engaged in COVID‐19 prevention behavior currently and in the past, and reported their self‐focused and other‐focused motivational reasons for doing so. Results aggregated across both studies ( N = 292) revealed that traits reflecting emotional callousness and impulsivity independently predicted lower levels of other‐focused reasons for engaging in prevention behavior. Moreover, controlling for other‐focused reasons appreciably reduced negative associations of emotional callousness and impulsivity with prevention behavior. The results provide insight into points of convergence in conceptualization and measurement of psychopathy from multiple theoretical perspectives and the importance of considering the impact of divisive personality traits on motivation to protect others during pandemics.","PeriodicalId":53583,"journal":{"name":"Social and Personality Psychology Compass","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135386026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thinking of threats: Economic threat appraisals and health threat appraisals predict differential racial attitudes during COVID‐19 对威胁的思考:经济威胁评估和健康威胁评估预测了COVID - 19期间的种族态度差异

2区心理学

Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12882

Natalie M. Gallagher, Jordan S. Daley, Galen V. Bodenhausen

引用次数: 0

Do face masks undermine social connection? 口罩会破坏社会联系吗?

2区心理学

Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12889

Megan L. Knowles, Kristy K. Dean

引用次数: 0

Pandemic precarity: A multi‐level study of neoliberal precarity and COVID‐Related outcomes in the United States 流行病不稳定性:美国新自由主义不稳定性和COVID相关结果的多层次研究

2区心理学

Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12902

Harrison J. Schmitt, Tyler Jimenez, Isaac F. Young

{"title":"Pandemic precarity: A multi‐level study of neoliberal precarity and COVID‐Related outcomes in the United States","authors":"Harrison J. Schmitt, Tyler Jimenez, Isaac F. Young","doi":"10.1111/spc3.12902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12902","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Neoliberalism is the political‐economic system that has characterized the United States for the past half century. Structurally, neoliberalism has involved privatization, deregulation, and government divestment from public health systems. Cultural psychologists have begun to outline the ways that neoliberalism is reflected in attitudes, ways of being, and ideologies, such as in the form of heightened individualism, justification of inequality, depoliticization, and precarity. We argue that neoliberal structures and psychologies may contribute to deleterious outcomes in the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic. We demonstrate that neoliberalism at the US state level ( n = 51) is associated with higher COVID mortality and case fatality rates, as well as lower vaccination rates (Study 1). We also demonstrate that individual‐level ( n = 8280) neoliberal ideology predicts less adaptive beliefs and attitudes such as the belief that the federal response to the pandemic was too fast and belief in COVID‐related misinformation (Study 2). We demonstrate using multilevel modeling that state‐level neoliberalism predicts individual‐level COVID‐related attitudes, which is explained in part by heightened neoliberal ideology in more neoliberal states (Study 2). This study contributes to an understanding of the structural and cultural psychological factors that have contributed to the severity of the COVID‐19 pandemic in the US.","PeriodicalId":53583,"journal":{"name":"Social and Personality Psychology Compass","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135858106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Internal, external, genetic, or cultural? Lay theories about racial health disparities predict perceived threat, adherence, and policy support 内部的，外部的，基因的，还是文化的?关于种族健康差异的非专业理论预测了感知威胁、依从性和政策支持

2区心理学

Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12896

Jaren D. Crist, Rebecca J. Schlegel, Phia S. Salter, Grace N. Rivera, Masi Noor, Michael J. Perez, Ciara Coger

{"title":"Internal, external, genetic, or cultural? Lay theories about racial health disparities predict perceived threat, adherence, and policy support","authors":"Jaren D. Crist, Rebecca J. Schlegel, Phia S. Salter, Grace N. Rivera, Masi Noor, Michael J. Perez, Ciara Coger","doi":"10.1111/spc3.12896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12896","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract During the COVID‐19 pandemic, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) reported that Black and Latinx communities experienced a disproportionate burden of illness. The goal of this study is to investigate laypeople's attribution of these disparities. We hypothesized the following four potential attributions: external causes (e.g. systemic racism), internal causes (e.g. personal choices), cultural causes (e.g., being close knit), or genetic causes (e.g., being more vulnerable for genetic reasons). Data from 447 participants revealed that lay theories involving external factors were the most endorsed, whereas theories relating to genetic causes were the least endorsed. Our analyses further revealed that external attributions predicted broader COVID‐19 relevant outcomes (i.e., perceived threat of COVID‐19, adherence to CDC guidelines, and support for government policies in response to COVID‐19), even after controlling for political orientation, participant race, and other attributions. This research provides insight into how lay people's explanations for disparities can predict their reactions to the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":53583,"journal":{"name":"Social and Personality Psychology Compass","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135858107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of explanatory context for racial disparities in predicting sociopolitical attitudes during COVID‐19 种族差异的解释背景在预测COVID - 19期间社会政治态度中的作用

2区心理学

Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12897

Nader Hakim, Rachel Eggert, Christina La Rosa, Amelia Zhao

{"title":"The role of explanatory context for racial disparities in predicting sociopolitical attitudes during COVID‐19","authors":"Nader Hakim, Rachel Eggert, Christina La Rosa, Amelia Zhao","doi":"10.1111/spc3.12897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12897","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The COVID‐19 pandemic placed preexisting racial health disparities in stark relief. Recent studies have already established that, among prejudiced Whites, exposure to such racial disparities reduced concern about the pandemic and support for mitigation policies (Harrel & Lieberman, 2021; Stephens‐Dougan, 2022). In response to such results, one cautionary line of reasoning argues that communicating the disparity figures without explanatory context can perpetuate (or at least not undermine) myths that African Americans are more likely to contract COVID‐19 due to genetic predispositions or maladaptive behavioral tendencies (Chowkwanyun & Reed, 2020). In two studies, we test the claims that (a) explanatory context mitigates the tendency to attribute racial disparities to essential racial differences and (b) that perceptions of racial disparities are attuned to specific racial inequalities in the U.S., and not merely expressions of outgroup bias. In Study 1, we found that exposure to racial disparities with explanatory context (vs. without explanatory context) did not reduce racial essentialism or stereotyping, but did promote support for healthcare equity. In Study 2, we found that black disadvantage frames (vs. white vs. Hispanic) uniquely promoted support for equitable healthcare and multicultural inclusion. Importantly, and contrary to other recent findings, exposure to black disadvantage did not preclude support for equity.","PeriodicalId":53583,"journal":{"name":"Social and Personality Psychology Compass","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135816455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Counterfactual thinking may attenuate polarization of COVID‐19 prevention behavior 反事实思维可能会减弱COVID - 19预防行为的两极分化

2区心理学

Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12891

Eva A. García Ferrés, Mary Turner DePalma

引用次数: 0

Self‐regulation in daily life: Neuroscience will accelerate theorizing and advance the field 日常生活中的自我调节:神经科学将加速理论化和推进该领域

2区心理学

Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12898

Richard B. Lopez

{"title":"Self‐regulation in daily life: Neuroscience will accelerate theorizing and advance the field","authors":"Richard B. Lopez","doi":"10.1111/spc3.12898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12898","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Self‐regulation often involves foregoing short‐term pleasures and impulses in favor of long‐term goals, such as pursuing a particular career, raising a family, or maintaining good health to promote longevity. Like many other fields in psychology, the study of self‐regulation has experienced some growing pains in the wake of the replication crisis, with previously held theories called into question, including seemingly intuitive phenomena such as ego depletion. Despite these challenges, there is burgeoning interest in characterizing people's experiences of self‐regulation success and failure in real world settings. In this review, I argue that utilizing tools and approaches from neuroscience will yield valuable insights into how self‐regulatory processes are engaged in daily life, which in turn will refine and advance self‐regulation models and theorizing, as well as generate new hypotheses. I also unpack some conceptual and practical considerations when combining neuroscience methods with real‐world assessment of behaviors, such as ecological momentary assessment. With these issues and points for consideration taken together, I hope this review will help pave a fruitful path forward for the field with implications for how we might become better self‐regulators.","PeriodicalId":53583,"journal":{"name":"Social and Personality Psychology Compass","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136153236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0