Social and Personality Psychology Compass最新文献_第10页

Do face masks undermine social connection? 口罩会破坏社会联系吗?

2区心理学

Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12889

Megan L. Knowles, Kristy K. Dean

引用次数: 0

Pandemic precarity: A multi‐level study of neoliberal precarity and COVID‐Related outcomes in the United States 流行病不稳定性:美国新自由主义不稳定性和COVID相关结果的多层次研究

2区心理学

Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12902

Harrison J. Schmitt, Tyler Jimenez, Isaac F. Young

{"title":"Pandemic precarity: A multi‐level study of neoliberal precarity and COVID‐Related outcomes in the United States","authors":"Harrison J. Schmitt, Tyler Jimenez, Isaac F. Young","doi":"10.1111/spc3.12902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12902","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Neoliberalism is the political‐economic system that has characterized the United States for the past half century. Structurally, neoliberalism has involved privatization, deregulation, and government divestment from public health systems. Cultural psychologists have begun to outline the ways that neoliberalism is reflected in attitudes, ways of being, and ideologies, such as in the form of heightened individualism, justification of inequality, depoliticization, and precarity. We argue that neoliberal structures and psychologies may contribute to deleterious outcomes in the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic. We demonstrate that neoliberalism at the US state level ( n = 51) is associated with higher COVID mortality and case fatality rates, as well as lower vaccination rates (Study 1). We also demonstrate that individual‐level ( n = 8280) neoliberal ideology predicts less adaptive beliefs and attitudes such as the belief that the federal response to the pandemic was too fast and belief in COVID‐related misinformation (Study 2). We demonstrate using multilevel modeling that state‐level neoliberalism predicts individual‐level COVID‐related attitudes, which is explained in part by heightened neoliberal ideology in more neoliberal states (Study 2). This study contributes to an understanding of the structural and cultural psychological factors that have contributed to the severity of the COVID‐19 pandemic in the US.","PeriodicalId":53583,"journal":{"name":"Social and Personality Psychology Compass","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135858106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Internal, external, genetic, or cultural? Lay theories about racial health disparities predict perceived threat, adherence, and policy support 内部的，外部的，基因的，还是文化的?关于种族健康差异的非专业理论预测了感知威胁、依从性和政策支持

2区心理学

Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12896

Jaren D. Crist, Rebecca J. Schlegel, Phia S. Salter, Grace N. Rivera, Masi Noor, Michael J. Perez, Ciara Coger

{"title":"Internal, external, genetic, or cultural? Lay theories about racial health disparities predict perceived threat, adherence, and policy support","authors":"Jaren D. Crist, Rebecca J. Schlegel, Phia S. Salter, Grace N. Rivera, Masi Noor, Michael J. Perez, Ciara Coger","doi":"10.1111/spc3.12896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12896","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract During the COVID‐19 pandemic, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) reported that Black and Latinx communities experienced a disproportionate burden of illness. The goal of this study is to investigate laypeople's attribution of these disparities. We hypothesized the following four potential attributions: external causes (e.g. systemic racism), internal causes (e.g. personal choices), cultural causes (e.g., being close knit), or genetic causes (e.g., being more vulnerable for genetic reasons). Data from 447 participants revealed that lay theories involving external factors were the most endorsed, whereas theories relating to genetic causes were the least endorsed. Our analyses further revealed that external attributions predicted broader COVID‐19 relevant outcomes (i.e., perceived threat of COVID‐19, adherence to CDC guidelines, and support for government policies in response to COVID‐19), even after controlling for political orientation, participant race, and other attributions. This research provides insight into how lay people's explanations for disparities can predict their reactions to the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":53583,"journal":{"name":"Social and Personality Psychology Compass","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135858107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of explanatory context for racial disparities in predicting sociopolitical attitudes during COVID‐19 种族差异的解释背景在预测COVID - 19期间社会政治态度中的作用

2区心理学

Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12897

Nader Hakim, Rachel Eggert, Christina La Rosa, Amelia Zhao

{"title":"The role of explanatory context for racial disparities in predicting sociopolitical attitudes during COVID‐19","authors":"Nader Hakim, Rachel Eggert, Christina La Rosa, Amelia Zhao","doi":"10.1111/spc3.12897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12897","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The COVID‐19 pandemic placed preexisting racial health disparities in stark relief. Recent studies have already established that, among prejudiced Whites, exposure to such racial disparities reduced concern about the pandemic and support for mitigation policies (Harrel & Lieberman, 2021; Stephens‐Dougan, 2022). In response to such results, one cautionary line of reasoning argues that communicating the disparity figures without explanatory context can perpetuate (or at least not undermine) myths that African Americans are more likely to contract COVID‐19 due to genetic predispositions or maladaptive behavioral tendencies (Chowkwanyun & Reed, 2020). In two studies, we test the claims that (a) explanatory context mitigates the tendency to attribute racial disparities to essential racial differences and (b) that perceptions of racial disparities are attuned to specific racial inequalities in the U.S., and not merely expressions of outgroup bias. In Study 1, we found that exposure to racial disparities with explanatory context (vs. without explanatory context) did not reduce racial essentialism or stereotyping, but did promote support for healthcare equity. In Study 2, we found that black disadvantage frames (vs. white vs. Hispanic) uniquely promoted support for equitable healthcare and multicultural inclusion. Importantly, and contrary to other recent findings, exposure to black disadvantage did not preclude support for equity.","PeriodicalId":53583,"journal":{"name":"Social and Personality Psychology Compass","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135816455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Counterfactual thinking may attenuate polarization of COVID‐19 prevention behavior 反事实思维可能会减弱COVID - 19预防行为的两极分化

2区心理学

Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12891

Eva A. García Ferrés, Mary Turner DePalma

引用次数: 0

Self‐regulation in daily life: Neuroscience will accelerate theorizing and advance the field 日常生活中的自我调节:神经科学将加速理论化和推进该领域

2区心理学

Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12898

Richard B. Lopez

{"title":"Self‐regulation in daily life: Neuroscience will accelerate theorizing and advance the field","authors":"Richard B. Lopez","doi":"10.1111/spc3.12898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12898","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Self‐regulation often involves foregoing short‐term pleasures and impulses in favor of long‐term goals, such as pursuing a particular career, raising a family, or maintaining good health to promote longevity. Like many other fields in psychology, the study of self‐regulation has experienced some growing pains in the wake of the replication crisis, with previously held theories called into question, including seemingly intuitive phenomena such as ego depletion. Despite these challenges, there is burgeoning interest in characterizing people's experiences of self‐regulation success and failure in real world settings. In this review, I argue that utilizing tools and approaches from neuroscience will yield valuable insights into how self‐regulatory processes are engaged in daily life, which in turn will refine and advance self‐regulation models and theorizing, as well as generate new hypotheses. I also unpack some conceptual and practical considerations when combining neuroscience methods with real‐world assessment of behaviors, such as ecological momentary assessment. With these issues and points for consideration taken together, I hope this review will help pave a fruitful path forward for the field with implications for how we might become better self‐regulators.","PeriodicalId":53583,"journal":{"name":"Social and Personality Psychology Compass","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136153236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

2区心理学

Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2023-09-19 DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12893

Maria Casteigne, Erin M. O’Mara Kunz, Joy Losee, Liz Kerner

引用次数: 0

Do gender and educational level predict vaccination? The mediating role of attitudes towards vaccines and fear of COVID‐19 性别和教育水平能预测疫苗接种吗?疫苗态度和COVID - 19恐惧的中介作用

2区心理学

Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12879

Begoña Espejo, Irene Checa

{"title":"Do gender and educational level predict vaccination? The mediating role of attitudes towards vaccines and fear of COVID‐19","authors":"Begoña Espejo, Irene Checa","doi":"10.1111/spc3.12879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12879","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Given that the relationship between educational level, gender, and the fact of getting vaccinated does not seem to be clear, the aim of this research has been to verify if the beliefs towards vaccines and the fear of COVID‐19 are mediating this relationship in a general Spanish sample of 761 participants. A logistic regression with latent variables was estimated using Mplus. The results showed that there is no direct effect of gender or educational level on vaccination but both, fear of COVID‐19 and attitudes towards vaccines, act as mediators. Specifically, people with university studies show higher scores in trust of vaccine benefits, which in turn is a good predictor of getting vaccinated or not. So that having university studies and confidence in vaccines better predict getting vaccinated. Furthermore, being a woman with high levels of fear of COVID‐19, as well as having up to higher education and showing high levels of fear of COVID‐19, better predict getting vaccinated. However, this is a non‐probabilistic sample, and similar studies should be carried out with a representative sample of the Spanish population and of another countries, in which the rate of people vaccinated against other viruses is declining. This study reports the importance of a model including mediating variables when analyzing the influence of sociodemographic variables on deciding to get vaccinated or not, because this kind of model allow the detection of specific groups with low probability of vaccination, which would allow the design of specific strategies.","PeriodicalId":53583,"journal":{"name":"Social and Personality Psychology Compass","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135396509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Implicit theories of mental health predict anxiety and depression during the COVID‐19 pandemic in China: The mediating effect of coping styles 心理健康内隐理论预测中国COVID - 19大流行期间的焦虑和抑郁:应对方式的中介作用

2区心理学

Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12892

Lefan Jin, Ning Zhang, Wenbo Chen

引用次数: 0

Willingness to self‐disclose in romantic relationships only marginally predicts COVID stress but there are indirect effects of self‐esteem and relationship commitment 在恋爱关系中，自我披露的意愿只能略微预测COVID压力，但自尊和关系承诺有间接影响

2区心理学

Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2023-09-11 DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12888

Lijing Ma, Eddie M. Clark

引用次数: 0