Retinal Cases and Brief Reports最新文献

{"title":"A Minimally Invasive Needle-Free Modified Cut-Down Technique for Posterior Sub-Tenon's Corticosteroid Injection.","authors":"Nairi Rostomian, Adriana Kaganovski, Dan Kamen, Henry Holt, Jerome Giovinazzo","doi":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ICB.0000000000001985","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe a minimally invasive needle-free modified cut-down technique for posterior sub-Tenon's corticosteroid injection that avoids blind orbital needle passage and is suitable for office-based retinal practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A stepwise surgical technique is described for posterior sub-Tenon's triamcinolone delivery using a 1-2 mm conjunctival incision, blunt dissection along the scleral surface, and flexible 27-gauge cannula-based injection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The technique was successfully implemented in an outpatient retinal clinic setting. In initial clinical use, no intraoperative complications were encountered, and the procedure was well tolerated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This modified needle-free cut-down technique provides a reproducible method for posterior sub-Tenon's corticosteroid delivery in outpatient retinal practice while eliminating blind orbital needle passage. It may provide a more controlled alternative to traditional techniques while potentially reducing the risks associated with blind sharp orbital needle passage.</p>","PeriodicalId":53580,"journal":{"name":"Retinal Cases and Brief Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148992502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drainage of Suprachoroidal Fluid Using Silicone Oil Tamponade in Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment with Choroidal Detachment.","authors":"Zhijian Huang, Li Zhu, Xiao Chen","doi":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ICB.0000000000001982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate a novel silicone oil-assisted technique for managing rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with choroidal detachment (RRDCD), addressing the challenges of incomplete suprachoroidal drainage and postoperative tamponade insufficiency.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve consecutive RRDCD eyes underwent vitrectomy with controlled silicone oil injection combined with quadrant-by-quadrant sclerotomy compression. The standardized protocol included: (1) pars plana BSS injection for stabilization; (2) 23/25-gauge trocar placement in shallowest quadrants; (3) lighted pick-assisted cannula positioning; and (4) pressure-regulated oil infusion with active fluid displacement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean visual acuity improved from 2.08±0.61 logMAR preoperatively to 1.20±0.94logMAR postoperatively, corresponding to a gain of approximately 24-25 ETDRS letters. Intraocular pressure (IOP) normalized from 5.00 ± 2.05 mmHg to 11.92 ± 2.02 mmHg. All cases achieved complete anatomical success (retinal/choroidal reattachment) with optimal silicone oil fill. Secondary procedures (oil removal with phacoemulsification and IOL implantation) were successfully performed at 3-6 months. No complications occurred during the follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This technique provides effective, reproducible management of RRDCD through simultaneous pressure control and active drainage.</p>","PeriodicalId":53580,"journal":{"name":"Retinal Cases and Brief Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148946209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS)-like reactions associated with coadministered COVID and influenza vaccination.","authors":"Janice X Ong, Shangjun Jiang, Lucia Sobrin, K Matthew McKay, Elizabeth J Rossin, Deeba Husain","doi":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ICB.0000000000001981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report cases of multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS)-like reactions in patients who received coadministered COVID and influenza vaccines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case series considered patients seen at Massachusetts Eye and Ear with MEWDS and history of recent COVID and influenza vaccination. We identified three myopic patients aged 26, 27, and 79 with no history of autoimmune or inflammatory disease who presented with monocular blurred vision, floaters, and scotoma within 5 days to 2 weeks of coadministered COVID and influenza vaccination and were found to have posterior uveitis consistent with MEWDS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two patients were monitored without treatment and had self-resolving disease. One patient with poor presenting visual acuity was treated with a prednisone taper. Visual acuity in this patient's affected eye remained counting fingers at 6-month follow up despite lesion resolution and normalization of imaging findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We present three cases of MEWDS-like reaction in patients who received coadministered COVID and influenza vaccines. Some disease features were atypical, including poor visual recovery in one patient. The immunogenic stimulus from coadministered COVID and influenza vaccinations may be a trigger for MEWDS-like posterior uveitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":53580,"journal":{"name":"Retinal Cases and Brief Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148931824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Surgical Technique for Advanced ERM: Vitrectomy Combined with Perifoveal Centrifugal Massage.","authors":"Levent Karabaş, Ecem Onder Tokuc, Güler Kılıç, Sevim Ayça Seyyar, Dilara Çelikoğlu","doi":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ICB.0000000000001983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the anatomical and functional outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined with a perifoveal centrifugal massage maneuver in eyes with advanced stage 4 idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) associated with ectopic inner foveal layers (EIFL).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case series included 40 eyes of 40 patients with idiopathic stage 4 EIFL-ERM who underwent PPV with ERM peeling and adjunctive perifoveal centrifugal massage. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), foveal center point (FCP), central macular thickness (CMT), and EIFL thickness were evaluated at baseline and during follow-up visits at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months, as well as at the final examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean patient age was 68.4±7.9 years, with a mean follow-up of 31.9±17.5 months. Baseline BCVA was 20/95 (0.68±0.32 logMAR). Significant improvement in BCVA was observed from month 3 onward and was maintained at the final visit (p=0.023 at 3 months; p<0.001 thereafter). FCP, CMT, and EIFL thickness showed progressive and significant reductions over time (all p<0.001). Stage transition analysis demonstrated that 22.5% of eyes improved by 3 months, 40.0% by 6 months, 67.5% by 12 months, and 90.0% by the final follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vitrectomy combined with perifoveal centrifugal massage was associated with favorable anatomical and functional recovery in stage 4 EIFL-ERM. This adjunctive technique may facilitate earlier stage regression and represents a potential refinement to standard iERM surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":53580,"journal":{"name":"Retinal Cases and Brief Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148931845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unilateral Scotoma as Inaugural Sign in Moyamoya Disease.","authors":"Deborah A Lipski, Simon-Pierre Docquier, Florence Rasquin","doi":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ICB.0000000000001980","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report a case of Moyamoya Disease presenting with unilateral scotoma caused by unilateral sectorial optic nerve atrophy, associated with macular microaneurysms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Observational case report.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 38-year-old patient presented with unilateral scotoma in his right eye. Optic nerve atrophy in the corresponding sector was observed, as well as unilateral macular microaneurysms and peri-foveal capillary dropout. Brain magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance angiography and conventional angiography showed supra-clinoid, anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral Moyamoya disease, with vascular clutter around the right optic canal. Relative stenosis of the left cavernous carotid artery was also present.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This report describes a patient whose inaugural sign of Moyamoya Disease was unilateral scotoma, that was associated with macular vascular malformations.</p>","PeriodicalId":53580,"journal":{"name":"Retinal Cases and Brief Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148931934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconstitution of the Fovea Through Foveation After Ifosfamide-Induced Foveolysis.","authors":"Richard F Spaide","doi":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ICB.0000000000001979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe a case of acute, severe bilateral foveolysis following systemic ifosfamide therapy and the subsequent anatomical and functional recovery after discontinuation of the drug and administration of metabolic therapy targeting mitochondrial dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The patient had a comprehensive ophthalmological examination including high resolution optical coherence tomography. After cessation of ifosfamide, she was treated with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 850 mg, alpha lipoic acid 600 mg, and coenzyme Q10 100 mg daily.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 34-year-old woman receiving ifosfamide for an inoperable skull-base chordoma developed rapid bilateral 20/60 visual acuity. Optical coherence tomography revealed complete dissolution of the central fovea in each eye with accumulation of necrotic debris centrally. Given the known pathway of ifosfamide neurotoxicity, mitochondrial complex I inhibition with depletion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), the patient received high-dose oral NAD, coenzyme Q10, and alpha-lipoic acid. Over the next several weeks, both eyes showed symmetrical reconstitution of the fovea with centripetal migration of the outer nuclear layer and eventual restoration of outer retinal architecture. By 12 weeks, foveal structure was normal and visual acuity improved to 20/25 and 20/20.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Systemic ifosfamide was associated with an acute symmetrical dissolution of the central fovea, termed foveolysis. Although spontaneous improvement after drug withdrawal cannot be excluded, the rapid and near-complete recovery after metabolic therapy supports a mechanistic link between ifosfamide-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, NAD depletion, and reversible foveal injury. The foveal architecture was restored through the defined sequence of foveation, demonstrating the capacity of the adult fovea for organized structural reconstitution.</p>","PeriodicalId":53580,"journal":{"name":"Retinal Cases and Brief Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148914318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ab Externo Transscleral Removal of Submacular Proliferative Bands in Pediatric Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment with PVR: A Surgical Technique Case Series.","authors":"Ozgur Artunay, Sehnaz Ozcaliskan, Merve Ozbek, Ceren Gurez, Abdullah Ağın","doi":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ICB.0000000000001971","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe an ab externo surgical technique for submacular band removal in pediatric patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten eyes of 10 pediatric patients diagnosed with RRD and PVR grade C associated with submacular bands. All eyes underwent submacular band removal using an ab externo transscleral approach combined with scleral buckling and 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy. Preoperative localization of submacular bands was performed using optical coherence tomography and/or B-scan ultrasonography, with intraoperative targeting guided by Resight viewing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Submacular band removal via the ab externo approach was successfully performed in all 10 eyes. The mean patient age was 10.8 ± 3.2 years (range, 5-16 years). Preoperative hypotony (intraocular pressure <6 mmHg) was present in three eyes. Postoperatively, visual acuity improved in four patients, remained stable in four, and worsened in two. No cases of postoperative epiretinal membrane formation or significant subretinal hemorrhage were observed. Retinal reattachment was achieved in 9 of 10 eyes (90%), while one eye progressed to pre-phthisis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ab externo submacular band removal appears to be a useful adjunct to pars plana vitrectomy in selected pediatric RRD cases with PVR, allowing relief of submacular traction without the need for retinotomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":53580,"journal":{"name":"Retinal Cases and Brief Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148914307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microscope-Integrated OCT-Guided Console-Controlled Subretinal rtPA Delivery for Traumatic Submacular Hemorrhage in a Highly Myopic Eye.","authors":"Vincenzo Marchese, Rosanna Badalamenti, Giuseppe Bisesti, Alessandro Leanza, Sebastiano Sugameli, Viviana Randazzo","doi":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ICB.0000000000001964","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report the management of traumatic submacular hemorrhage (SMH) in a highly myopic eye using early pars plana vitrectomy and low-dose subretinal recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) delivered with a console-controlled micro-dosing system under microscope-integrated optical coherence tomography (iOCT) guidance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 36-year-old man with high myopia (-15.00 D) presented with acute traumatic SMH and severe visual loss. He underwent combined phacoemulsification and pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling. Subretinal rtPA (25 μg/0.1 mL) was delivered through a 38-gauge cannula using a viscous fluid control-based injector assembled from standard sterile components. iOCT was used to confirm retinotomy position, subretinal placement, and bleb formation. Fluid-air exchange and 12% C3F8gas tamponade completed the procedure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The hemorrhage displaced progressively and resorbed over follow-up. Best-corrected visual acuity improved from counting fingers at presentation to 0.4 at 1 month and 0.7 at 3 months, remaining stable at 6 months. Optical coherence tomography showed restoration of foveal contour with persistent outer retinal disruption. No intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this case, iOCT-guided console-controlled micro-dosing enabled controlled subretinal rtPA delivery and effective displacement of traumatic SMH using nonproprietary instrumentation. This workflow may be useful when dedicated commercial microinjectors are unavailable.</p>","PeriodicalId":53580,"journal":{"name":"Retinal Cases and Brief Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148914356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epiretinal Human Amniotic Membrane Overlay for Recurrent Retinal Detachment in Highly Myopic Eyes with Peripapillary Breaks over Chorioretinal Atrophy: Surgical Technique and Outcomes.","authors":"Federico Moscara, Giacomo Boscia, Pasquale Puzo, Pasquale Viggiano, Alba Chiara Termite, Ciro Borriello, Arcangelo Clemente, Ilaria Lolli, Marinetta Calicchio, Emanuele Crincoli, Ermete Giancipoli, Cristiana Iaculli, Alfonso Savastano, Francesco Boscia","doi":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ICB.0000000000001968","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the anatomical and functional outcomes of an epiretinal cryopreserved human amniotic membrane (hAM) overlay technique for the management of recurrent retinal detachment (RD) associated with peripapillary breaks in highly myopic eyes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective interventional case series including five eyes with recurrent RD (mean axial length 30.70 ± 2.03 mm). Two eyes presented with recurrence under silicone oil (SO) tamponade, and three after prior SO removal. All eyes underwent 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy with SO removal when present. A customized 8-9 mm hAM patch was positioned epiretinally and unrolled bimanually under perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL). Final tamponade was achieved with SO 1000 cSt, followed by scheduled SO removal.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Complete retinal reattachment was achieved in all cases (100%) after a single procedure and remained stable throughout follow-up. Mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved from 1.00 ± 0.60 to 0.68 ± 0.58 logMAR at 2 months after SO removal (p = 0.068). Optical coherence tomography demonstrated stable integration of the hAM as a hyperreflective layer over the peripapillary defects. No cases of graft dislocation, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, or significant inflammatory complications were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The epiretinal hAM overlay technique appears to be a safe and effective approach for sealing complex peripapillary breaks in highly myopic eyes with chorioretinal atrophy. By providing both mechanical support and a biological scaffold for tissue repair, this technique may represent a valuable surgical option in cases where conventional retinopexy is not feasible or has failed.</p>","PeriodicalId":53580,"journal":{"name":"Retinal Cases and Brief Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148914372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sympathetic Ophthalmia Following Vitrectomy for Myopic Traction Maculopathy: Clinical and Imaging Correlates Supporting a Melanophage-Mediated Immune Response.","authors":"Lim Joshua, Chee Soon Phaik, Andrew S H Tsai","doi":"10.1097/ICB.0000000000001978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ICB.0000000000001978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe a case of sympathetic ophthalmia following vitreoretinal surgery for myopic traction maculopathy, highlighting novel clinical findings that provide in vivo support for a melanophage-mediated immune mechanism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Observational case report.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 26-year-old high-myopic female developed bilateral granulomatous panuveitis four weeks after pars plana vitrectomy and fluid-gas exchange for myopic traction maculopathy OD. Clinical examination revealed bilateral mutton-fat keratic precipitates and vitreous cells, more severe OD. Prominent pigment within granulomatous keratic precipitates and pigment-laden cells posterior to the crystalline lens were also observed OU. View of the posterior segment in OD was poor. Multifocal yellowish choroid lesions (Dalen Fuchs nodules) were present in OS. Optical coherence tomography only possible in OS demonstrated bacillary layer detachment, subretinal fluid, and marked choroidal thickening. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed marked leukocytic pleocytosis. Sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) was diagnosed. Following prompt initiation of high-dose systemic corticosteroids and steroid-sparing immunosuppression, bilateral ocular inflammation resolved with normalization of choroidal thickness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dense hyperpigmented clumps within keratic precipitates and pigment-laden cells in the posterior segment consistent with melanophage activity, support the histopathological hallmark of sympathetic ophthalmia, in which macrophages phagocytose liberated uveal melanocytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":53580,"journal":{"name":"Retinal Cases and Brief Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148914323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}