aBIOTECHPub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.1007/s42994-023-00112-w
Zhigang Liu, Tongfei Qin, Michaella Atienza, Yang Zhao, Hanh Nguyen, Huajin Sheng, Toluwase Olukayode, Hao Song, Karim Panjvani, Jurandir Magalhaes, William J. Lucas, Leon V. Kochian
{"title":"Constitutive basis of root system architecture: uncovering a promising trait for breeding nutrient- and drought-resilient crops","authors":"Zhigang Liu, Tongfei Qin, Michaella Atienza, Yang Zhao, Hanh Nguyen, Huajin Sheng, Toluwase Olukayode, Hao Song, Karim Panjvani, Jurandir Magalhaes, William J. Lucas, Leon V. Kochian","doi":"10.1007/s42994-023-00112-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42994-023-00112-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Root system architecture (RSA) plays a pivotal role in efficient uptake of essential nutrients, such as phosphorous (P), nitrogen (N), and water. In soils with heterogeneous nutrient distribution, root plasticity can optimize acquisition and plant growth. Here, we present evidence that a constitutive RSA can confer benefits for sorghum grown under both sufficient and limiting growth conditions. Our studies, using P efficient SC103 and inefficient BTx635 sorghum cultivars, identified significant differences in root traits, with SC103 developing a larger root system with more and longer lateral roots, and enhanced shoot biomass, under both nutrient sufficient and deficient conditions. In addition to this constitutive attribute, under P deficiency, both cultivars exhibited an initial increase in lateral root development; however, SC103 still maintained the larger root biomass. Although N deficiency and drought stress inhibited both root and shoot growth, for both sorghum cultivars, SC103 again maintained the better performance. These findings reveal that SC103, a P efficient sorghum cultivar, also exhibited enhanced growth performance under N deficiency and drought. Our results provide evidence that this constitutive nature of RSA can provide an avenue for breeding nutrient- and drought-resilient crops.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42994-023-00112-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135435265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
aBIOTECHPub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1007/s42994-023-00114-8
Shengyan Li, Pengcheng Li, Xiangyin Li, Ning Wen, Yinxiao Wang, Wei Lu, Min Lin, Zhihong Lang
{"title":"In maize, co-expression of GAT and GR79-EPSPS provides high glyphosate resistance, along with low glyphosate residues","authors":"Shengyan Li, Pengcheng Li, Xiangyin Li, Ning Wen, Yinxiao Wang, Wei Lu, Min Lin, Zhihong Lang","doi":"10.1007/s42994-023-00114-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42994-023-00114-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Herbicide tolerance has been the dominant trait introduced during the global commercialization of genetically modified (GM) crops. Herbicide-tolerant crops, especially glyphosate-resistant crops, offer great advantages for weed management; however, despite these benefits, glyphosate-resistant maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) has not yet been commercially deployed in China. To develop a new bio-breeding resource for glyphosate-resistant maize, we introduced a codon-optimized glyphosate N-acetyltransferase gene, <i>gat</i>, and the enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase gene, <i>gr79-epsps</i>, into the maize variety B104. We selected a genetically stable high glyphosate resistance (GR) transgenic event, designated GG2, from the transgenic maize population through screening with high doses of glyphosate. A molecular analysis demonstrated that single copy of <i>gat</i> and <i>gr79-epsps</i> were integrated into the maize genome, and these two genes were stably transcribed and translated. Field trials showed that the transgenic event GG2 could tolerate 9000 g acid equivalent (a.e.) glyphosate per ha with no effect on phenotype or yield. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis revealed that, shortly after glyphosate application, the glyphosate (PMG) and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) residues in GG2 leaves decreased by more than 90% compared to their levels in HGK60 transgenic plants, which only harbored the <i>epsps</i> gene. Additionally, PMG and its metabolic residues (AMPA and N-acetyl-PMG) were not detected in the silage or seeds of GG2, even when far more than the recommended agricultural dose of glyphosate was applied. The co-expression of <i>gat</i> and <i>gr79-epsps</i>, therefore, confers GG2 with high GR and a low risk of herbicide residue accumulation, making this germplasm a valuable GR event in herbicide-tolerant maize breeding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10721750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81852192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
aBIOTECHPub Date : 2023-08-16DOI: 10.1007/s42994-023-00111-x
Ruyi Wang, Guo-Liang Wang, Yuese Ning
{"title":"Harnessing nanobodies to expand the recognition spectrum of plant NLRs for diverse pathogens","authors":"Ruyi Wang, Guo-Liang Wang, Yuese Ning","doi":"10.1007/s42994-023-00111-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42994-023-00111-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The strategy to expand the recognition spectrum of plant nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins by modifying their recognition sequences is generally limited and often unsuccessful. Kourelis et al. introduced a groundbreaking approach for generating a customized immune receptor, called Pikobody. This method involves integrating a nanobody domain of a fluorescent protein (FP) into a plant NLR. Their research demonstrates that the resulting Pikobody successfully initiates an immune response against diverse pathogens when exposed to the corresponding FP.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77135469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
aBIOTECHPub Date : 2023-07-18DOI: 10.1007/s42994-023-00109-5
Luca Comai
{"title":"Unlikely heroes on the long and winding road to potato inbreeding","authors":"Luca Comai","doi":"10.1007/s42994-023-00109-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42994-023-00109-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Conversion of potato from a tetraploid, heterozygous, vegetatively propagated crop to a diploid F1 hybrid, propagated via botanical seed, would constitute a considerable advance for global agriculture, but faces multiple challenges. One such challenge is the difficulty in inbreeding potato, which involves purging deleterious alleles from its genome. This commentary discusses possible reasons for this difficulty and highlights a recent sequence-based effort to classify SNP variation, in potato germplasm, according to its deleterious potential. Tools and strategies connected to this database may facilitate development of F1 hybrids.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10638346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74189653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
aBIOTECHPub Date : 2023-07-02DOI: 10.1007/s42994-023-00106-8
Peitong Wang, Jian Feng Ma
{"title":"Knockout of a gene encoding a Gγ protein boosts alkaline tolerance in cereal crops","authors":"Peitong Wang, Jian Feng Ma","doi":"10.1007/s42994-023-00106-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42994-023-00106-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42994-023-00106-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10060536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
aBIOTECHPub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.1007/s42994-023-00107-7
Cong Li, Liya Zhang, Xin Wang, Chunsheng Yu, Tao Zhao, Bin Liu, Hongyu Li, Jun Liu, Chunyu Zhang
{"title":"The transcription factor HBF1 directly activates expression of multiple flowering time repressors to delay rice flowering","authors":"Cong Li, Liya Zhang, Xin Wang, Chunsheng Yu, Tao Zhao, Bin Liu, Hongyu Li, Jun Liu, Chunyu Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s42994-023-00107-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42994-023-00107-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Flowering time (or heading date) is an important agronomic trait that determines the environmental adaptability and yield of many crops, including rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.). Hd3a BINDING REPRESSOR FACTOR 1 (HBF1), a basic leucine zipper transcription factor, delays flowering by decreasing the expression of <i>Early heading date 1</i> (<i>Ehd1</i>), <i>Heading date 3a</i> (<i>Hd3a</i>), and <i>RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1</i> (<i>RFT1</i>), but the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Here, we employed the hybrid transcriptional factor (HTF) strategy to enhance the transcriptional activity of HBF1 by fusing it to four copies of the activation domain from <i>Herpes simplex virus</i> VP16. We discovered that transgenic rice lines overexpressing <i>HBF1-VP64</i> (<i>HBF1V</i>) show significant delays in time to flower, compared to lines overexpressing <i>HBF1-MYC</i> or wild-type plants, via the <i>Ehd1</i>–<i>Hd3a</i>/<i>RFT1</i> pathway, under both long-day and short-day conditions. Transcriptome deep sequencing analysis indicated that 19 <i>WRKY</i> family genes are upregulated in the <i>HBF1V</i> overexpression line. We demonstrate that the previously unknown gene, <i>OsWRKY64</i>, is a direct downstream target of HBF1 and represses flowering in rice, whereas three known flowering repressor genes, <i>Days to heading 7</i> (<i>DTH7</i>), <i>CONSTANS 3</i> (<i>OsCO3</i>), and <i>OsWRKY104</i>, are also direct target genes of HBF1 in flowering regulation. Taking these results together, we propose detailed molecular mechanisms by which HBF1 regulates the time to flower in rice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10638126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74073906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Generating homozygous mutant populations of barley microspores by ethyl methanesulfonate treatment.","authors":"Linli Huang, Guangqi Gao, Congcong Jiang, Guimei Guo, Qiang He, Yingjie Zong, Chenghong Liu, Ping Yang","doi":"10.1007/s42994-023-00108-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42994-023-00108-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Induced mutations are important for genetic research and breeding. Mutations induced by physical or chemical mutagenesis are usually heterozygous during the early generations. However, mutations must be fixed prior to phenotyping or field trials, which requires additional rounds of self-pollination. Microspore culture is an effective method to produce double-haploid (DH) plants that are fixed homozygotes. In this study, we conducted ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-induced mutagenesis of microspore cultures of barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i>) cultivar 'Hua30' and landrace 'HTX'. The EMS concentrations were negatively correlated with the efficiency of callus induction and the frequency of mutant plant regeneration. The two genotypes showed different regeneration efficiencies. The phenotypic variation of the regenerated M<sub>1</sub> plants and the presence of genome-wide nucleotide mutations, revealed by whole-genome sequencing, highlight the utility of EMS-induced mutagenesis of isolated microspore cultures for developing DH mutants. Genome-wide analysis of the mutation frequency in the regenerated plants revealed that a considerable proportion of mutations resulted from microspore culture (somaclonal variation) rather than EMS-induced mutagenesis. In addition to producing a population of 1972 homozygous mutant lines that are available for future field trials, this study lays the foundation for optimizing the regeneration efficiency of DH plants and the richness of mutations (mainly by fine-tuning the mutagen dosage).</p>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10638298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87861547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Generating homozygous mutant populations of barley microspores by ethyl methanesulfonate treatment","authors":"Linli Huang, Guangqi Gao, Congcong Jiang, Guimei Guo, Qiang He, Yingjie Zong, Chenghong Liu, Ping Yang","doi":"10.1007/s42994-023-00108-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42994-023-00108-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Induced mutations are important for genetic research and breeding. Mutations induced by physical or chemical mutagenesis are usually heterozygous during the early generations. However, mutations must be fixed prior to phenotyping or field trials, which requires additional rounds of self-pollination. Microspore culture is an effective method to produce double-haploid (DH) plants that are fixed homozygotes. In this study, we conducted ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-induced mutagenesis of microspore cultures of barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i>) cultivar ‘Hua30’ and landrace ‘HTX’. The EMS concentrations were negatively correlated with the efficiency of callus induction and the frequency of mutant plant regeneration. The two genotypes showed different regeneration efficiencies. The phenotypic variation of the regenerated M<sub>1</sub> plants and the presence of genome-wide nucleotide mutations, revealed by whole-genome sequencing, highlight the utility of EMS-induced mutagenesis of isolated microspore cultures for developing DH mutants. Genome-wide analysis of the mutation frequency in the regenerated plants revealed that a considerable proportion of mutations resulted from microspore culture (somaclonal variation) rather than EMS-induced mutagenesis. In addition to producing a population of 1972 homozygous mutant lines that are available for future field trials, this study lays the foundation for optimizing the regeneration efficiency of DH plants and the richness of mutations (mainly by fine-tuning the mutagen dosage).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42994-023-00108-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120503570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
aBIOTECHPub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.1007/s42994-023-00103-x
Zican Chen, Weronika Jasinska, Muhammad Ashraf, Leah Rosental, Jung Hong, Dabing Zhang, Yariv Brotman, Jianxin Shi
{"title":"Lipidomic insights into the response of Arabidopsis sepals to mild heat stress","authors":"Zican Chen, Weronika Jasinska, Muhammad Ashraf, Leah Rosental, Jung Hong, Dabing Zhang, Yariv Brotman, Jianxin Shi","doi":"10.1007/s42994-023-00103-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42994-023-00103-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Arabidopsis sepals coordinate flower opening in the morning as ambient temperature rises; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Mutation of one heat shock protein encoding gene, <i>HSP70-16</i>, impaired sepal heat stress responses (HSR), disrupting lipid metabolism, especially sepal cuticular lipids, leading to abnormal flower opening. To further explore, to what extent, lipids play roles in this process, in this study, we compared lipidomic changes in sepals of <i>hsp70-16</i> and <i>vdac3</i> (mutant of a voltage-dependent anion channel, VDAC3, an HSP70-16 interactor) grown under both normal (22 °C) and mild heat stress (27 °C, mild HS) temperatures. Under normal temperature, neither <i>hsp70-16</i> nor <i>vdac3</i> sepals showed significant changes in total lipids; however, <i>vdac3</i> but not <i>hsp70-16</i> sepals exhibited significant reductions in the ratios of all detected 11 lipid classes, except the monogalactosyldiacylglycerols (MGDGs). Under mild HS temperature, <i>hsp70-16</i> but not <i>vdac3</i> sepals showed dramatic reduction in total lipids. In addition, <i>vdac3</i> sepals exhibited a significant accumulation of plastidic lipids, especially sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols (SQDGs) and phosphatidylglycerols (PGs), whereas <i>hsp70-16</i> sepals had a significant accumulation of triacylglycerols (TAGs) and simultaneous dramatic reductions in SQDGs and phospholipids (PLs), such as phosphatidylcholines (PCs), phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs), and phosphatidylserines (PSs). These findings revealed that the impact of mild HS on sepal lipidome is influenced by genetic factors, and further, that <i>HSP70-16</i> and <i>VDAC3</i> differently affect sepal lipidomic responses to mild HS. Our studies provide a lipidomic insight into functions of HSP and VDAC proteins in the plant’s HSR, in the context of floral development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10638258/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72672549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
aBIOTECHPub Date : 2023-06-05DOI: 10.1007/s42994-023-00105-9
Zijun Lan, Sheng Zhong, Li-Jia Qu
{"title":"Insights into pollen–stigma recognition: self-incompatibility mechanisms serve as interspecies barriers in Brassicaceae?","authors":"Zijun Lan, Sheng Zhong, Li-Jia Qu","doi":"10.1007/s42994-023-00105-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42994-023-00105-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A new study provides a comprehensive molecular mechanism that controls interspecific incompatibility of self-incompatible (SI) plants in the Brassicaceae. This finding points to a potentially promising path to break interspecific barriers and achieve introgression of desirable traits into crops from distant species among SI crops in the Brassicaceae.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42994-023-00105-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10006271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}