{"title":"Utilization of spent substrates and waste products of mushroom cultivation to produce new crops of Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus eryngii and Agaricus bisporus","authors":"Marianna Dedousi , Eirini-Maria Melanouri , Dimitris Karayannis , Eleftherios-Ikaros Kaminarides , Panagiota Diamantopoulou","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2023.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2023.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Five agro-industrial residues, their corresponding spent mushroom substrates (SMS), commercial fresh and spent mushroom compost of <em>Agaricus</em> (SMC) and <em>Pleurotus ostreatus</em> (SMS GZ) cultivation, <em>Pleurotus</em> and <em>Agaricus</em> waste (stipes/mishappen mushrooms) were combined and re-utilized as novel substrates for the cultivation of <em>P. ostreatus</em>, <em>P. eryngii</em> and <em>A. bisporus</em> mushrooms. SMSs/ SMC were used up to 40% (treatment 1 and 2), while 20% of mushroom waste were added in fresh and spent substrates (treatment 3 and 4). The impact of different substrates on mycelial growth rate and biomass production was examined. Then, <em>Pleurotus</em> spp. were cultivated on the most promising substrates and essential cultivation aspects (earliness, total mushroom yield, biological efficiency-BE) and carposomes’ quality parameters (weight, morphological characteristics) were evaluated. Laccase and endoglucanase production by <em>Pleurotus</em> species were also determined at 50 and 100% of colonization stages. All species showed their fastest mycelial growth rate (up to 5 mm/day) on substrates consisted of SMC, whereas many combinations of species/substrate enhanced biomass production. The SMS GZ supplementation positively affected laccase activity; in the cultures of <em>P. ostreatus</em> and <em>P. eryngii</em> the highest values were 62,539 and 17,584 U/g d.w., respectively. On the contrary, small amounts of endoglucanase were produced (0.007 to 0.322 U/g d.w.); the greatest production was recorded for <em>P. ostreatus</em> at full colonization. Regarding fermentation in bags, significant amount of total mushroom yield was produced in all substrates and those with SMS GZ supported the fastest earliness period and the highest BE for both <em>Pleurotus</em> species. BE values ranged from 54 to 133% for <em>P. ostreatus</em> and from 53 to 121% for <em>P. eryngii</em>. Concerning morphological characteristics, mushroom waste addition seemed to affect them positively. The data included in this paper support the effective re-utilization of different types of SMS and mushroom waste for fungal mass and enzymes’ production and for new high quality <em>Pleurotus</em> spp. carposomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"7 2","pages":"Article 100196"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588913323000583/pdfft?md5=367b14c9380bc0df6e32ed420bfd7ca2&pid=1-s2.0-S2588913323000583-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49106119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent advances in the production of single cell protein from renewable resources and applications","authors":"Danai Ioanna Koukoumaki , Erminta Tsouko , Seraphim Papanikolaou , Zacharias Ioannou , Panagiota Diamantopoulou , Dimitris Sarris","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2023.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2023.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Single Cell Protein (SCP) refers to dry cells of microorganisms, and it constitutes a highly promising and alternative protein source for multiple applications. SCP presents a rich nutritional profile containing valuable amino acids and fatty acids, nucleic acids, minerals, and several vitamins. Several businesses worldwide have introduced SCP into their production cycles, hence expanding the scope of its application in value added market chains such as the edible food packaging. SCP is produced by a plethora of microorganisms, including fungi, yeasts, bacteria, and algae while many of them are Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS). Selected microbial strains present satisfying growth capability with high yields when cultivated in renewable feedstock. Thus, production rates and process sustainability could be enhanced via the valorization of industrial and agricultural wastes as the nutrient sources, combined with optimization of process parameters, i.e fermentation mode and feeding strategy, pH, temperature, C/N ratio, agitation rate and oxygen supply. This review addresses the latest developments made towards the SCP production, highlighting efficient microbial SCP producers, and production systems that valorize solid and liquid streams from several agricultural wastes. Potential applications, challenges in sensorial-, and safety-aspects as well as consumers perception issues of SCP incorporation into food-related matrices are also discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"7 2","pages":"Article 100195"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588913323000571/pdfft?md5=e826839e333495b1c37ab3549a489770&pid=1-s2.0-S2588913323000571-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44792980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jia Chi Lai , Yi Lung Then , Siaw San Hwang , Chung Sien Lee
{"title":"Optimal aeration management strategy for a small-scale food waste composting","authors":"Jia Chi Lai , Yi Lung Then , Siaw San Hwang , Chung Sien Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2023.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2023.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Food waste is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions when it ends up in landfills. Composting turns out to be a sustainable solution to this problem, but it requires controlled and continuous airflow for optimal performance. This study focused on the effect of aeration rates and airflow directions on food waste composting using a closed system with forced aeration. Air was entered into the composting vessel in three directions, which were upward, downward, and a combination of both directions. Each direction was run at aeration rates of 0.1, 0.4, and 0.7 L/min. The findings showed that the compost pile aerated at 0.4 L/min by using two-directional airflow can reach the thermophilic temperature within half of the day. The compost pile achieved temperature of 40.94 °C after 10.5 h. Although the compost experienced slightly high in moisture loss (4.3%), the compost still attained the standard values for maturity. The compost produced from food waste could be applied in soil to improve its fertility.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"7 1","pages":"Article 100190"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588913323000522/pdfft?md5=dba83187c3328ab005d6ae4b6c144ad8&pid=1-s2.0-S2588913323000522-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41829555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Activated carbon derived from radiation-processed durian shell for energy storage application","authors":"Phonpimon Numee , Tanagorn Sangtawesin , Murat Yilmaz , Kotchaphan Kanjana","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2023.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2023.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A lignocellulosic biomass, durian shell, modified by radiolytic oxidizing species from gamma and electron beam irradiations, has been used as a starting material for activated carbon (AC) production. Facile hydrothermal carbonization with ZnCl<sub>2</sub>/FeCl<sub>3</sub> and physical activation were employed in addition. The physicochemical and energy storage properties of the graphitic carbons were investigated using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), N<sub>2</sub> adsorption-desorption, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Galvanostatic Charge-Discharge (GCD) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). Biomass modification by radiolytic oxidizing species aided in improving the energy storage properties of the resultant ACs without significantly changing the textural qualities. The radiation type played an important role on the surface functional groups, basal plane, and pore structures of the graphitic materials. The energy storage mechanism was based on a combination of EDLC and pseudo capacitances with high Coulombic efficiency. The highest specific capacitance obtained was 325.20 F/g providing capacity retention of 94.79 % after 10,000 cycles. A promising method of AC production for energy storage application has therefore been successfully demonstrated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"7 2","pages":"Article 100192"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588913323000546/pdfft?md5=14c07abc1b70c7c00d0075e78bf4aa7d&pid=1-s2.0-S2588913323000546-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47375788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline by copper(I) oxide loaded on Daylily Stalk derived carbon material","authors":"Shuying Li , Zhinan Guo , Jing Lv , Yibo Zhao , Jianpeng Shang , Qiang Zhao , Yong Guo , Junli Wang , Jianguo Zhao , Abuliti Abudula , Guoqing Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2023.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2023.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, Daylily Stalks derived N doped carbon material (N-DSC) with a high specific surface area was firstly prepared by a chemical activation method, and then cubic Cu<sub>2</sub>O nanoparticles were combined with the prepared N-DSC to obtain N-DSC/Cu<sub>2</sub>O composite as the catalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline (TC) antibiotics under visible light. It is found that the obtained composite had higher photocatalytic activity than pure Cu<sub>2</sub>O. Particularly, 25 wt% N-DSC/Cu<sub>2</sub>O composite showed the highest photocatalytic performance with 95 % of TC degradation within 100 min and more excellent stability. Combined with various characterizations, it is confirmed that carbon bonds should be conducive to the separation of photoelectron and hole, and the carbon layer with an excellent electrical conductivity on Cu<sub>2</sub>O can reduce the charge transfer resistance between N-DSC and Cu<sub>2</sub>O, thereby improving the absorption of visible light and enhancing the photocatalytic activity. Moreover, it is considered that the synergistic effect of photo-generated electron pair in Cu<sub>2</sub>O and N-DSC could promote the photodegradation efficiency of N-DSC/Cu<sub>2</sub>O composite. In addition, the active species capture experiment confirmed that •OH and •O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> should be the main active species for TC degradation under visible light. This study is expected to provide a novel low-cost photocatalysts for pollutants removal.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"7 2","pages":"Article 100191"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588913323000534/pdfft?md5=16728d967fa868255759e62d54fdd76a&pid=1-s2.0-S2588913323000534-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49501529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MCM-22 zeolite-based system to produce jet fuel from the 1-hexene oligomerization","authors":"Hao Yang, Qi Zuo, Xin Ning, Jiajun Zheng, Wenlin Li, Ruifeng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2023.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2023.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The oligomerization of light olefins is an alternative for generating clean liquid fuels. In this study, the MCM-22 zeolite featuring a partially disordered layered structure with framework combined 10 membered ring (10 MR) was discussed for 1-hexene oligomerization. MCM-22 and Y zeolite were compared to investigate the influences of the framework and acidity strength on the activity and yield in the 1-hexene oligomerization. The results indicated that the MCM-22 zeolite was an efficient catalyst for oligomerization compared to Y zeolite. The MCM-22 zeolite was characterized in detail by NMR, Py-FTIR, and TG analyses. The catalytic performance and deactivation properties of MCM-22 zeolite in the oligomerization reaction of 1-hexene were investigated. Structure–activity relationships were established through the kinetic study. Although the density of strong acid sites was essential for the oligomerization of 1-hexene, the presence of low pressure was also necessary for the formation of dimers. Thus, MCM-22 zeolite demonstrates a substantial improvement in initial conversion and catalyst lifespan for 1-hexene oligomerization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"7 1","pages":"Article 100189"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588913323000510/pdfft?md5=63dfc79d8577054fd23f9a43de670b3f&pid=1-s2.0-S2588913323000510-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48646214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kejing Wu , Chuandong Tao , Shanjin Zeng , Yingying Liu , Bin Liang , Houfang Lu
{"title":"Lipid extraction and CO2 capture with switchable polarity solvent","authors":"Kejing Wu , Chuandong Tao , Shanjin Zeng , Yingying Liu , Bin Liang , Houfang Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2023.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2023.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, lipid extraction and CO<sub>2</sub> capture are combined using N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCHA) as switchable polarity solvent. The effects of operation parameters are discussed according to the CO<sub>2</sub> absorption/desorption and lipid/DMCHA recovery results. A triphasic models considering lipid, water, and gas phases are established to analyze the kinetic behaviors. The results show that DMCHA is reversible through CO<sub>2</sub> absorption/desorption, and the enhanced dispersion of droplets and bubbles in water phase improves the lipid/DMCHA recovery and CO<sub>2</sub> absorption/desorption. The triphasic kinetic models fit well with experimental data, and gas–liquid mass transfer is regarded as the rate-determining step. The lower interfacial areas result in the poorer gas–liquid mass transfer for the DMCHA recovery than lipid recovery process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"7 1","pages":"Article 100186"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588913323000418/pdfft?md5=677a58b4bc05e2e075c6b57dfef928ce&pid=1-s2.0-S2588913323000418-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45201742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Monika Lumongga Putri Tambunan , Iman Abdullah , Yuni Krisyuningsih Krisnandi
{"title":"One-pot glycerol conversion to acrylic acid catalyzed by Cu modified HY zeolite synthesized from natural resources and pro-analytical precursor","authors":"Monika Lumongga Putri Tambunan , Iman Abdullah , Yuni Krisyuningsih Krisnandi","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2023.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2023.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The conversion of glycerol to acrylic acid was carried out by the one-pot process method. The catalyst used in this conversion is Cu-modified HY zeolite synthesized using pro-analytical precursors and alternative precursors from natural resources i.e., Indonesian natural zeolite and kaolin. The crystal structure and physicochemical properties of catalysts were determined by various characterization techniques such as XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDX, TEM, SAA, and TPD-NH<sub>3</sub>. Based on XRD analysis, it shows that HY and CuHY, both from synthetic and alternative precursors, are confirmed to have typical peaks of Y zeolite. EDX mapping images show a uniform distribution of Cu on the HY surface. In addition, the TEM analysis also shows uniform particle size distribution. The results of catalytic glycerol conversion show that Cu-modified HY catalysts give a higher acrylic acid yield than HY. The results also show that the highest yield of acrylic acid was obtained in 27.5% and 25.8% at a dehydration time of 3 h using pro-analytical and natural resources CuHY catalyst, respectively. The Cu-modified HY catalysts having weak acid sites show the best catalytic activity in the conversion of glycerol to acrylic acid.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"7 1","pages":"Article 100188"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588913323000431/pdfft?md5=a3cbcc72bcf5789ce1978d07d9743556&pid=1-s2.0-S2588913323000431-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45180078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Controlling the reaction network of Ni/silica derived conversion of bio-oil surrogate guaiacol","authors":"Nils Kretzschmar, Oliver Busse, Markus Seifert","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2023.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2023.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Replacing fossil carbon sources with green bio-oils is a promising route to switch to a sustainable chemical industry, although their high oxygen contents are challenging. Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation is a favored route to upgrade bio-oils to renewable fuels and basic chemicals. In this work, we investigated Ni/SiO<sub>2</sub> catalysts with differing metal dispersity in continuous mode conversion of guaiacol with a statistical experimental design for 250 °C to 400 °C, 2 h up to 5 h time on stream (ToS) and subsequently different residence time besides other parameters. While low temperature (250 °C) promotes cyclohexanol formation from guaiacol, high temperature (400 °C) inhibits hydrogenation, leading to phenol and methane. For medium temperature (340 °C), the selectivity for cyclohexanone increases. Cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone (KA-oil) are the industrial basis for polyamide 6. Furthermore, we clarified the role of 2-methoxycyclohexanol (2MC) in the reaction network towards KA-oil for continuous-mode operation. Statistical analysis was used to predict and optimize product selectivity and yield, leading to the best yield of cyclohexanone/-ol at 327.5 °C, low ToS, medium residence time, high particle dispersity, and medium hydrogen pressure (15 bar(g)).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"7 1","pages":"Article 100187"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S258891332300042X/pdfft?md5=334be81d48d6c8846d0cfd3f6e6bb851&pid=1-s2.0-S258891332300042X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46012027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}