{"title":"Enhancing ethanol dehydration through optimized WO3 loading on activated carbon and montmorillonite clay catalysts","authors":"Chaowat Autthanit , Sasiradee Jantasee , Jirayu Liewchalermwong , Narathip Thubthun , Supachai Jadsadajerm , Piyasan Praserthdam , Bunjerd Jongsomjit","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100303","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100303","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study is to investigate the utilization of tungsten oxide (WO<sub>3</sub>) supported on natural materials, including activated carbon (AC) and montmorillonite clay (MMT), for the catalytic dehydration of ethanol. This study addresses the growing demand for sustainable chemical processes that produce key intermediates, such as ethylene and diethyl ether, from renewable resources. The research examined the effect of varying WO<sub>3</sub> loadings on catalyst performance using the incipient wetness impregnation method. The physicochemical properties of catalysts were elucidated through a variety of characterization techniques. The results revealed that MMT supports exhibited a more significant enhancement in catalytic efficiency compared to AC when loaded with W. This superior performance is attributed to MMT’s unique layered structure, enabling efficient dispersion of tungsten species and optimized acid site distribution. The structural properties of the support and the higher density of weak acid sites were found to significantly influence catalytic activity. The 13.5WMMT catalyst demonstrated remarkable dual functionality, achieving 42.63 % diethyl ether yield at 250 °C and 96.73 % ethylene yield at 400 °C. In contrast, the 13.5WAC catalyst produced only 22.30 % diethyl ether yield at 300 °C and 77.02 % ethylene yield at 400 °C. The study not only underscores the significance of metal loading and support type in achieving superior catalytic performance, but also highlights the exceptional potential of MMT as a promising candidate for sustainable and efficient ethanol dehydration processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"8 1","pages":"Article 100303"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fathima Ali Kayakool , Harita Pant , Menestreau Paul , Glaydson Simões Dos Reis , Gopinathan Manavalan , Vadali Venkata Satya Siva Srikanth , Mikael Thyrel , Shaikshavali Petnikota
{"title":"Mesoporous carbon derived from lignin sulfonate as a sustainable cathode for high-performance aluminium batteries","authors":"Fathima Ali Kayakool , Harita Pant , Menestreau Paul , Glaydson Simões Dos Reis , Gopinathan Manavalan , Vadali Venkata Satya Siva Srikanth , Mikael Thyrel , Shaikshavali Petnikota","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2024.100301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2024.100301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of sustainable and efficient energy storage systems is crucial for addressing the growing global energy demand. This study investigates the potential of mesoporous carbon derived from lignin sulfonate as a cathode material for aluminium batteries. Lignin sulfonate, a by-product of the paper industry, was used as a precursor to synthesize mesoporous carbon through a facile and eco-friendly activation process. The resulting carbon material exhibited a high specific surface area of ∼ 2259 m<sup>2</sup>/g and a well-defined balance of micro- and meso- porosity, making it a promising cathode material for high-performance aluminium batteries. Electrochemical characterization showed that the mesoporous carbon cathode delivered an impressive specific capacity of 91 mAh/g at 1.0 A/g current density even after 7000 cycles with excellent cycling stability. It delivered superior rate capabilities of 105, 89, 80, 72, 67, 63, 90, and 105 mAh/g at 0.1, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 1.0, and 0.1 A/g current rates, respectively. The use of lignin-sulfonate as a precursor to prepare mesoporous carbon opens up a new sustainable way for improving the electrochemical performance of carbon-based cathode materials for aluminium batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"8 1","pages":"Article 100301"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Utilization of CO2 and recycling of methanol Residue from the refining process for production of Bio-Methanol","authors":"Rujira Jitrwung , Kuntima Krekkeitsakul , Nattawee Teerananont , Parinya Thongyindee , Weerawat Patthaveekongka , Chinnathan Areeprasert","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2024.100302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2024.100302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the synthesis of bio-methanol from biogas, focusing on the optimization of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) separation via alternating pressure adsorption and subsequent methanol production using varying methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) ratios. Methanol synthesis was conducted under CH<sub>4</sub>/CO<sub>2</sub> ratios of 30/70, 50/50, and 70/30, utilizing both pure water and methanol solutions at concentrations of 10 %, 20 %, 30 %, and 40 %. The results demonstrated that increasing the CH<sub>4</sub> ratio led to enhanced CO<sub>2</sub> conversion, with maximum values of 42.59 % and methanol production reaching 3,850 g/day. The study further investigated the refining process of crude methanol, achieving a purity exceeding 99 % through a three-column distillation approach. Notably, the recycling of waste methanol significantly improved both methanol yield and CO<sub>2</sub> consumption, indicating a promising pathway for sustainable bio-methanol production. Overall, this research highlights the potential of integrating biogas utilization with efficient methanol synthesis and refining processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"8 1","pages":"Article 100302"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yutong Zou , Chengkun Xiao , Xiaoyang Kong , Liang Qiao , Wei Wang , Chunya Wang , Aijun Duan , Chunming Xu , Xilong Wang
{"title":"Influence of grain size of acidic NiMo/TS-1 on its catalytic performance for hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophenes","authors":"Yutong Zou , Chengkun Xiao , Xiaoyang Kong , Liang Qiao , Wei Wang , Chunya Wang , Aijun Duan , Chunming Xu , Xilong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2024.100299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2024.100299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>TS-1 zeolites with different grain sizes were prepared under hydrothermal conditions by tuning the amount of template agent, chelating agent, and temperature, which were further used as supports for the NiMo/TS-1 catalysts. The optimization of synthesis conditions has achieved controllable synthesis of grain sizes from nano-scale to micron-scale. TS-1 with smaller grain sizes possess larger specific surface area, external specific surface area, and pore volume, which can effectively shorten the diffusion path of the sulfide with complex structure. Nano-scale TS-1 has more highly-coordinated Ti species, acting as electronic additives to increase the sulfidation degree of the catalyst. Nano-scale NiMo/TS-1 exhibits higher acidity, which is beneficial for hydrodesulfurization (HDS) reactions. Among the series of NiMo/TS-1 catalysts, NiMo/TS-1 (120 nm) catalyst exhibits the highest dibenzothiophene (DBT, 88.4 %) and 4,6-dimethylbenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT, 62.1 %) HDS activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"8 1","pages":"Article 100299"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nivasini Paramasivam , Rubia Idris , Chooi Wen Tan , William Woei Fong Chong , Guo Ren Mong , Jahimin A. Asik , Atikah Ali , Nur Wahida Fatini Aidy , Fadzlita Mohd Tamiri , Siti Rahayu Mohd Hashim , Cheng Tung Chong
{"title":"Microwaved-induced co-pyrolysis of used engine lubricant and palm empty fruit bunch for alternative fuel recovery","authors":"Nivasini Paramasivam , Rubia Idris , Chooi Wen Tan , William Woei Fong Chong , Guo Ren Mong , Jahimin A. Asik , Atikah Ali , Nur Wahida Fatini Aidy , Fadzlita Mohd Tamiri , Siti Rahayu Mohd Hashim , Cheng Tung Chong","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2024.100300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2024.100300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alternative fuel recovery from used engine lubricant (UEL) and empty fruit bunch (EFB) was achieved through microwave co-pyrolysis. Co-pyrolysis was chosen for its potential to improve the quality of pyrolytic oil by generating synergistic effects between two distinct feedstocks, reducing activation energy, and enhancing pyrolytic oil quality. The central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimise the temperature and EFB ratio. Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) was employed to characterise the heavy metal concentration in the pyrolytic oil. The optimised pyrolytic oil (UE450) produced the highest oil yield (25.17 wt%) with the lowest metal concentration at 450 °C with a 50 % EFB ratio. The fuel’s characteristics were similar to those of conventional diesel, with a higher value of HHV (45.17 MJ/kg). However, the oil was slightly acidic, with a pH of 4.3. GC–MS analysis of UE450 revealed the presence of alkanes and monoaromatic-rich hydrocarbons. Additionally, the UE450 biochar was characterised using FTIR, FESEM, and XRF. FTIR analysis showed that the carbonyl group (C = O) peaks at 1730 and 1440 cm<sup>−1</sup> disappeared, indicating that heavy metals were bound to the biochar surface. Likewise, XRF analysis of UE450 biochar revealed that zinc (Zn) exhibited a high metal adsorption capacity, following the sequence Zn > Fe > Pb (1.96, 1.06, and 0.81 mmol/g). The XRF results also indicated a significant removal of SO<sub>3</sub> at approximately 10.37 mmol/g.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"8 1","pages":"Article 100300"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simultaneous biomethane and hydrochar recovery from washed elephant dung: The effects of inoculum source, substrate to inoculum ratio, and hydrothermal temperature","authors":"Chayanon Sawatdeenarunat , Boonya Charnnok , Rojapun Nirunsin , Sumate Chaiprapat , Chen-Yeon Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2024.100297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2024.100297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research aims to develop the appropriate biorefinery process integrating anaerobic digestion (AD) and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) to recover the highest energy from the pretreated elephant dung. Initially, the raw elephant dung was physically processed by washing with water to generate the liquid waste, i.e., washing water (WW), and solid waste, i.e., washed fiber (WF). The appropriate substrate-to-inoculum ratio (SIR) and the inoculum source of the AD of WW were determined and the HTC temperature of WF was also examined. The results indicated that the AD of WW with the SIR of 1:2 and anaerobically digested swine manure as the inoculum presented the highest methane and energy yields of 412.3 ± 9.9 N mL/g VS <sub>added</sub> and 2,220.1 ± 53.03 MJ/ton dry wt., respectively. For HTC of WF, the optimum condition was the hydrothermal temperature of 170 °C at the residence time of 60 min. The highest hydrochar and energy yields were 76.8 % ± 1.9 % dry wt. and 12,067.0 ± 452.1 MJ/ton dry wt., respectively. Thus, this biorefinery process could simultaneously treat elephant camp-derived waste and produce clean energy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"8 1","pages":"Article 100297"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhuoran Liu , Xingjun Wang , Qian Chen , Hongxia Li , Qinghua Guo , Guangsuo Yu , Haifeng Liu , Fuchen Wang
{"title":"Catalytic gasification of a single coal char particle: An experimental and simulation study","authors":"Zhuoran Liu , Xingjun Wang , Qian Chen , Hongxia Li , Qinghua Guo , Guangsuo Yu , Haifeng Liu , Fuchen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2024.100296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2024.100296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The catalytic coal gasification technology has been widely researched and developed under the background of “Carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals”. Currently, most of catalytic gasification experiments on coal char particles are analyzed by thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). However, the gasification agent will be subject to diffusion resistance during the reaction because of the sample stacking, making the inherent reaction kinetics unclear. In this study, we investigated the catalytic gasification behavior of single-particle coal char using high temperature stage microscope (HTSM). With the diffusion resistance ruled out, the reaction conditions when using a HTSM are more similar to those inside a real industrial gasifier. Numerical models of the gasification reaction of single-particle coal char were further developed using the kinetic parameters obtained under HTSM. Three models were investigated, including regular spherical structured, irregular spherical structured and porous spherical structured models, representing different morphologies of coal char particles in the gasifier. The gasification characteristics of coal char particles under different K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> catalyst loadings and gasification temperatures were also studied. Compared with the activation energies data of coal char particles without catalyst, the activation energies of coal char particles loaded with 2.2 %, 4.4 %, 6.6 %, and 10.0 % catalysts were reduced by 110 kJ/mol, 116 kJ/mol, 121 kJ/mol, and 126 kJ/mol, respectively. The reaction surface area affects the temperature distribution. The temperature near the irregular spherical particle is about 20 K higher than the temperature near the regular spherical particle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"8 1","pages":"Article 100296"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}