Carbon Resources Conversion最新文献

{"title":"Bioconversion of agro-industrial carbon wastes into biodiesel feedstocks with superior fuel properties by promising oleaginous yeasts and cultivation strategies","authors":"Amporn Malisorn ,&nbsp;Benjamas Cheirsilp ,&nbsp;Asma Billateh ,&nbsp;Yasmi Louhasakul ,&nbsp;Apichat Upaichit","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oleaginous yeasts hold significant potential as biodiesel feedstocks as they accumulate high content of lipids with similar fatty acid profiles to those of plant oils. However, the commercialization of yeast lipids is limited by the high cost of nutrients for yeast cultivation. This study aimed to explore the use of agro-industrial carbon wastes as low-cost nutrients and cultivation strategies for promising oleaginous yeasts. Four oleaginous yeasts were screened for their ability to grow on molasses, crude glycerol, and whey lactose. Among the yeast strains and agro-industrial wastes tested, <em>Candida tropicalis</em> X37 and <em>Rhodotorula mucilaginosa</em> G43 grew best on molasses and produced higher lipids than other strains. Both strains grew better when adding ammonium sulfate as a low-cost nitrogen source, but <em>C. tropicalis</em> X37 produced higher lipids when using only molasses. Through the fed-batch cultivation, <em>C. tropicalis</em> X37 could thrive in high molasses concentration and gave higher biomass and lipids than <em>R. mucilaginosa</em> G43. Scaling up in a bioreactor using an aeration rate of 1.0 air volume per liquid volume per minute further increased the production of biomass and lipids by <em>C. tropicalis</em> X37 up to 15.75 ± 0.42 g/L and 6.55 ± 0.35 g/L, respectively. The analysis of prospective fuel properties confirmed that the yeast lipids are suitable as biodiesel feedstocks. These strategies would contribute greatly to supporting green energy supply, sustainable management of wastes, and environmental protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 2","pages":"Article 100354"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propane dehydrogenation over cobalt-based catalysts: Influence of Sn oxidation states upon catalytic stability through the MCM-41 framework","authors":"Mozhdeh Amanati ,&nbsp;Mohammad Kazemeini ,&nbsp;Seyed Javid Royaee ,&nbsp;Saeed Soltanali","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of cost-effective and environmentally benign catalysts for propane dehydrogenation (PDH) is critical for sustainable propylene production. In this study, cobalt-based catalysts supported on mesoporous MCM-41 were systematically modified via incorporation and impregnation of tin species with distinct oxidation states (Sn(II) and Sn(IV)) to investigate their influence upon catalytic activity and stability. Comprehensive physicochemical characterization, including XRD, BET-BJH, Raman, XPS, H₂-TPR, NH₃-TPD, and DRS, demonstrated that Sn(II) doping significantly enhanced the i) metal dispersion, ii) Co²⁺ stabilization, and iii) mesoporous framework integrity. Amongst the synthesized catalysts, Co/Sn(II)@MCM-41 exhibited the highest Co²⁺/Co³⁺ ratio (of 2.846), optimal acid site distribution, and superior textural properties, correlating with the best catalytic performance (of 18.5 % and 92 % for conversion and propylene selectivity, respectively), and the lowest deactivation rate (k_d = 0.068 h⁻¹) at 580 °C. In contrast, Sn(IV) incorporation results in a lower Co²⁺/Co³⁺ ratio and weaker metal–support interactions, leading to a reduced population of active sites and inferior catalytic performance compared to that of Sn(II). These results highlighted the critical role of the tin oxidation state in tuning surface chemistry and catalyst durability. This work offers valuable insights toward the rational design of robust, non-noble metal catalysts for industrially relevant PDH processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 2","pages":"Article 100372"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-thermal enzymatic saccharification of cassava processing byproduct for energy-efficient and optimized maltooligosaccharides production","authors":"Hataikarn Lekakarn ,&nbsp;Phichaphon Khlaiphayak ,&nbsp;Katesuda Aiewviriyasakul ,&nbsp;Benjarat Bunterngsook","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The valorization of starch-rich materials typically requires high-temperature gelatinization prior to enzymatic saccharification to convert the starch into usable sugars, which are subsequently transformed into biochemical products. To bypass the energy-intensive gelatinization step, effective thermostable enzymes capable of degrading raw starch are essential. In this work, a raw starch-digesting amylolytic enzyme system was produced by a novel isolate, <em>Priestia koreensis</em> HL12 using sago starch as a carbon source at 30 °C for 48 h. The crude enzyme demonstrated thermophilic properties, exhibiting robust amylase activity across a broad temperature range (30–100 °C), with the highest amylase activity (168.05 U/mg protein) at 65 °C in 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer pH 6 toward soluble starch. The enzyme efficiently hydrolyzed both raw and gelatinized starches, predominantly yielding maltooligosaccharides (DP3 and DP5) as valuable prebiotics, without producing glucose. The highest sugar yield was obtained from gelatinized potato starch, with 841.58 mg/g substrate (84 % conversion), while cassava pulp hydrolysis below the gelatinization temperature achieved a 57.32 % conversion, producing 434.65 mg/g maltopentaose as majority equivalent to 75.8 % of product mixture. This non-thermal saccharification process without glucose byproduct has significant potential for prebiotic production,adding value to starch-rich agricultural byproducts andcontributing to a sustainable, zero-waste starch industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 2","pages":"Article 100359"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renewable carbon sources as microbial substrates for the production of amylases and lignocellulases","authors":"Panagiota Diamantopoulou ,&nbsp;George Aggelis ,&nbsp;Seraphim Papanikolaou","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present review-article several aspects dealing with the biotechnological production of two major groups of enzymes, <em>viz</em>. amylases and lignocellulases, are discussed. The chemical composition and structure of the substrates (<em>viz</em>. starch and related compounds and lignocellulose) on which these enzymes act, and the mechanisms implicated in substrate hydrolysis / transformation, are presented in detail. A significant number of microorganisms with very different physiology, i.e., belonging to bacteria, yeasts and fungi, is implicated in the production of these enzymes, under different conditions. As a result, the conditions concerning microbial growth and enzyme production are determined by the selected microorganism, carbon substrate and target enzyme. All these aspects, playing a critical role in enzyme production, together with biotechnological approaches used to maximize enzyme production are critically discussed. In conclusion, a plethora of prokaryotic and eukaryotic wild-type and / or genetically modified microorganisms can be implicated in the production of the above-mentioned types of enzymes. A significant number of renewable / low-cost compounds based on starch and / or lignocellulose can be subjected to microbial valorization with simultaneous production of these enzymes. The topic of the production of these enzymes is a timely and important one with long-range impact, given significant importance and the numerous applications that amylases and lignocellulases present in the agro-industrial, agro-food, biofuel, pharmaceutical, chemical and detergent facilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 2","pages":"Article 100356"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semi-industrial CO and CO2 conversion with biochar-supported Fe-based catalysts","authors":"Mohammed H. Eldesouki ,&nbsp;Usama Nour Eldemerdash ,&nbsp;Mohamed Mokhtar Mohamed ,&nbsp;Ahmed Abd El-Moneim","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100358","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research investigates the use of biochar derived from agricultural waste as a support material for Fe-based (Fe-Co-K) catalysts, with and without Zn, in CO and CO₂ hydrogenation, benchmarking its performance against commercial activated carbon. Under semi-industrial Fischer-Tropsch conditions, biochar-supported catalysts, particularly the Zn-enhanced variant (ZFCK@C), delivered superior catalytic outcomes. The catalysts were prepared using ultrasound-assisted dissolution and incipient wetness methods and characterized using FTIR, XRD, BET, H₂-TPR, CO₂-TPD, XPS, and TEM. In CO hydrogenation at 340 °C and 20 bar, ZFCK@C achieved a remarkable 97 % conversion, with 32 % longer hydrocarbons selectivity (C₅₊), 39.6 % olefins distribution(C₅₊), an O/P ratio of 4.0, and 45.3 % gasoline-range (C₅–C₁₂) hydrocarbons distribution. For CO₂ hydrogenation at 340 °C and 30 bar, the catalyst showed 40 % conversion, low CH₄ selectivity (6.1 %), high C₅₊ selectivity (45 %), 38.7 % olefins distribution(C₅₊), an O/P ratio of 3.2, and 45.3 % kerosene-range (C₆–C₁₆) hydrocarbons distribution. Stability testing over 100 h demonstrated excellent durability with no significant deactivation or sintering, making the catalyst viable for extended industrial use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 2","pages":"Article 100358"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient lactic acid production from sweet sorghum juice using Lactococcus lactis IO-1: Optimization and scale-up with low-cost nitrogen sources","authors":"Chalida Daengbussadee ,&nbsp;Lakkana Laopaiboon ,&nbsp;Khanittha Fiala ,&nbsp;Thanawat Thanapornsin ,&nbsp;Ampawun Meesubmun ,&nbsp;Niphaphat Phukoetphim ,&nbsp;Pattana Laopaiboon","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Among the low-cost nitrogen sources (dry spent yeast or DSY, rice bran, and soybean meal), DSY was identified as the most suitable supplement for lactic acid fermentation from sweet sorghum juice by <em>Lactococcus lactis</em> IO-1. However, lactic acid concentration (<em>P_L</em>) using DSY was ∼22 % lower than the control nitrogen source, yeast extract (YE). Statistical analysis using YE as a control nitrogen source revealed optimal conditions of 74.70 g/L of initial sugar and 15.20 g/L of YE, achieving a <em>P_L</em> of 71.95 g/L and a 91.63 % sugar consumption (<em>SC</em>). When DSY (22.61 g/L) containing an equivalent nitrogen content to the optimal YE was tested, <em>P_L</em> and <em>SC</em> decreased to 55.13 g/L and 72.33 %, respectively. Increasing DSY to 33.92 g/L (1.5 times) improved lactic acid productivity (<em>Q_L</em>) by ∼31 % but did not enhance <em>P_L</em> or <em>SC</em>. However, supplementing 33.92 g/L of DSY with 7.60 g/L of YE enhanced lactic acid production by ∼19–53 %, achieving a <em>P_L</em> of 70.11 g/L, <em>SC</em> of 92.33 %, <em>Q_L</em> of 2.34 g/L·h, with a high lactic acid yield (<em>Y_L/S</em>), 1.02 g/g. Scale-up fermentation in a 7.5-L fermenter demonstrated comparable results to those using 15.20 g/L of YE alone. These findings demonstrate that sweet sorghum juice supplemented with DSY and reduced YE is a promising medium for efficient lactic acid production, offering significant cost reduction potential for industrial applications while maintaining high productivity and yield.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 2","pages":"Article 100357"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microwave-assisted pyrolysis of solid waste for the production of high-value carbon nanomaterials and hydrogen gas: a review","authors":"Amani Hussein ,&nbsp;Raihan Mahirah Ramli ,&nbsp;Suriati Sufian ,&nbsp;Najib Al-mahbashi ,&nbsp;Siti Shawalliah Idris ,&nbsp;Abid Salam Farooqi","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The enormous amount of solid waste generated annually necessitates a transition toward circular economy strategies, especially targeting solid wastes such as waste tires, plastics, and biomass. This review explores microwave-assisted pyrolysis as a sustainable and efficient approach for converting these wastes into valuable products, specifically carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) and hydrogen gas (H₂). Compared to conventional pyrolysis, microwave-assisted techniques offer superior energy efficiency, faster heating rates, and higher product quality. A core focus of this review is the significant influence of catalysts and process parameters on the outcomes of microwave pyrolysis. Transition metal catalysts, particularly iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), and nickel (Ni), have demonstrated superior performance in enhancing both H₂ yield and CNMs synthesis. Bimetallic and composite catalysts exhibit enhanced microwave absorption and catalytic efficiency, making them highly suitable for this application. Moreover, critical process parameters, including microwave power, temperature, and residence time, play a pivotal role in determining product yield and quality. High microwave power and optimal temperature promote selective hydrogen generation and improve CNMs morphology, while prolonged residence time enhances gas yield. Finally, this review identifies existing knowledge gaps and outlines promising future directions for the efficient production of CNMs and hydrogen from various solid wastes using microwave-assisted pyrolysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 2","pages":"Article 100355"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asphaltene-derived nanoporous carbon materials for CO2 capture and supercapacitors","authors":"F.S. AlHumaidan,&nbsp;M.S. Rana,&nbsp;M. Vinoba,&nbsp;D. Ali,&nbsp;B. AlArbeed,&nbsp;M. AlMujaibel,&nbsp;H.M. AlSheeha,&nbsp;N. Rajasekaran","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanoporous carbon materials were synthesized from asphaltenes using a thermo-chemical treatment under an inert atmosphere and in-situ KOH activation. N-doping was also employed in certain samples to reveal the impact of nitrogen on the properties of materials. The synthesized materials were fully characterized to disclose their textural properties, structural parameters, surface functional groups, elemental compositions, and morphologies. Textural property analysis revealed a remarkable increase in surface areas after alkaline treatment (∼1500–2000 m²/g), which was mainly ascribed to the formation of micro- and mesopores. The measurements of structural parameters endorse and complement the findings on textural properties. The asphaltene-derived porous carbons have been employed in energy storage and carbon capture applications. The materials exhibit specific capacitances ranging from 130 to 180 F/g at 0.2 A/g in a 3 M KOH. These results suggest that nitrogen doping significantly enhances the pseudocapacitive behavior of the electroactive materials by promoting Faradaic redox reactions and improving ion diffusion and adsorption rates. Asphaltene-derived porous carbons also exhibit notable CO₂ adsorption capacities of 3–4 mmol/g at 25 °C and 1 bar. Also, breakthrough experiments confirm that the N-doped material exhibits remarkable stability, reusability, and increased surface basicity, achieving an impressive CO₂ uptake of 0.446 mmol/g. These results highlight the potential of asphaltene-based porous carbons as efficient materials for carbon capture and energy storage applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 2","pages":"Article 100371"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailoring redox behavior of A-site defected LaxFe1-yNiyO3-δ perovskite oxygen carrier for chemical looping dry reforming of methane","authors":"Jianpeng Shi ,&nbsp;Min Lin ,&nbsp;Juping Zhang ,&nbsp;Di Gao ,&nbsp;Xing Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemical looping dry reforming of methane (CL-DRM) is a promising process for syngas production. However, its application is limited by the trade-off between activity and selectivity in redox reactions. Herein, we designed efficient La_xFe_1-yNi_yO_3-δ (0.9 ≤ x ≤ 1.0, 0.05 ≤ y ≤ 0.4) perovskite-type oxygen carriers (OCs) for CL-DRM via A-site defect engineering and B-site doping. Compared to stoichiometric LaFeO₃, the optimized OCs exhibited enhanced oxygen mobility, which resulted in 20.7 % higher methane conversion, 33.8 % greater syngas yield, and retention of over 90 % carbon monoxide selectivity. Experimental results reveal that absence of La cation improved the oxygen vacancy concentration and oxygen mobility which promoted the partial oxidation of methane. This defect engineering scheme effectively alleviates sintering and inhibits carbon deposition (Raman I_D/I_G = 0.7). Consequently, the OCs exhibit structural stability and regeneration ability throughout 50 redox cycles. This study provides a simple and effective strategy for tuning the redox properties of perovskite oxides for thermochemical or redox-related reactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 2","pages":"Article 100369"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pilot-scale biohydrogen production from Napier grass and oil palm frond: Comparison of SSF and pre-HF processes and the influence of trace metal supplementation on taxonomic and enzymatic profiles","authors":"Khaliyah Sani ,&nbsp;Nantharat Wongfaed ,&nbsp;Wei-Cheng Wang ,&nbsp;Shuheng Zhao ,&nbsp;Peer Mohamed Abdul ,&nbsp;Alissara Reungsang ,&nbsp;Sureewan Sittijunda","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research aimed to develop a prototype process for hydrogen production from Napier grass (NG) and oil palm frond (OPF). First, biohydrogen production was investigated in batch experiments using either the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process or the pre-hydrolysis and fermentation (pre-HF) process under different NG to OPF ratios. The proportions of NG:OPF of 2.5:7.5, 5.0:5.0, and 7.5:2.5 g-VS/L were tested in both SSF and pre-HF. The results showed that the proportion of NG:OPF of 5.0:5.0 g-VS/L (ratio of 1:1) had the highest hydrogen production in both the SSF and pre-HF processes, with hydrogen production of 370 ± 21 mL-H₂/L and 993 ± 64 mL-H₂/L, respectively. Among these, pre-HF showed higher performance. Next, a semi-continuous experiment in a 100 L continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) with a pre-HF process and NG:OPF of 5.0:5.0 g-VS/L at hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 4 and 3 days, with and without trace metal supplementation, was conducted. The highest hydrogen yield, 50.1 ± 3.4 mL-H₂/g-VS, was found at an HRT of 3 days with trace metal supplementation. Key microbes, including <em>Lactococcus</em> sp., <em>Bacteroides</em> sp., <em>Dysgonomonas</em> sp., and <em>Enterobacter</em> sp., showed increased abundance, improving hydrogen production from NG and OPF. The addition of trace elements significantly altered essential enzymes like 6-phosphofructokinase, which is crucial for forming pyruvate in hydrogen production. The medium-based economic analysis revealed that the pre-HF process with trace elements resulted in an overall hydrogen production of 9.32 m³, an improvement of 16.6 % compared to the 7.99 m³ obtained under pre-HF without adding trace elements. Consequently, the Economic Yield (EY) of pre-HF without trace element addition was 0.030 USD-H₂/USD-medium, which was enhanced to 0.035 USD-H₂/USD-medium by adding trace elements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 1","pages":"Article 100337"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145915276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}