Carbon Resources Conversion最新文献

{"title":"Microwave-assisted pyrolysis of solid waste for the production of high-value carbon nanomaterials and hydrogen gas: a review","authors":"Amani Hussein ,&nbsp;Raihan Mahirah Ramli ,&nbsp;Suriati Sufian ,&nbsp;Najib Al-mahbashi ,&nbsp;Siti Shawalliah Idris ,&nbsp;Abid Salam Farooqi","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The enormous amount of solid waste generated annually necessitates a transition toward circular economy strategies, especially targeting solid wastes such as waste tires, plastics, and biomass. This review explores microwave-assisted pyrolysis as a sustainable and efficient approach for converting these wastes into valuable products, specifically carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) and hydrogen gas (H₂). Compared to conventional pyrolysis, microwave-assisted techniques offer superior energy efficiency, faster heating rates, and higher product quality. A core focus of this review is the significant influence of catalysts and process parameters on the outcomes of microwave pyrolysis. Transition metal catalysts, particularly iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), and nickel (Ni), have demonstrated superior performance in enhancing both H₂ yield and CNMs synthesis. Bimetallic and composite catalysts exhibit enhanced microwave absorption and catalytic efficiency, making them highly suitable for this application. Moreover, critical process parameters, including microwave power, temperature, and residence time, play a pivotal role in determining product yield and quality. High microwave power and optimal temperature promote selective hydrogen generation and improve CNMs morphology, while prolonged residence time enhances gas yield. Finally, this review identifies existing knowledge gaps and outlines promising future directions for the efficient production of CNMs and hydrogen from various solid wastes using microwave-assisted pyrolysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 2","pages":"Article 100355"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asphaltene-derived nanoporous carbon materials for CO2 capture and supercapacitors","authors":"F.S. AlHumaidan,&nbsp;M.S. Rana,&nbsp;M. Vinoba,&nbsp;D. Ali,&nbsp;B. AlArbeed,&nbsp;M. AlMujaibel,&nbsp;H.M. AlSheeha,&nbsp;N. Rajasekaran","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanoporous carbon materials were synthesized from asphaltenes using a thermo-chemical treatment under an inert atmosphere and in-situ KOH activation. N-doping was also employed in certain samples to reveal the impact of nitrogen on the properties of materials. The synthesized materials were fully characterized to disclose their textural properties, structural parameters, surface functional groups, elemental compositions, and morphologies. Textural property analysis revealed a remarkable increase in surface areas after alkaline treatment (∼1500–2000 m²/g), which was mainly ascribed to the formation of micro- and mesopores. The measurements of structural parameters endorse and complement the findings on textural properties. The asphaltene-derived porous carbons have been employed in energy storage and carbon capture applications. The materials exhibit specific capacitances ranging from 130 to 180 F/g at 0.2 A/g in a 3 M KOH. These results suggest that nitrogen doping significantly enhances the pseudocapacitive behavior of the electroactive materials by promoting Faradaic redox reactions and improving ion diffusion and adsorption rates. Asphaltene-derived porous carbons also exhibit notable CO₂ adsorption capacities of 3–4 mmol/g at 25 °C and 1 bar. Also, breakthrough experiments confirm that the N-doped material exhibits remarkable stability, reusability, and increased surface basicity, achieving an impressive CO₂ uptake of 0.446 mmol/g. These results highlight the potential of asphaltene-based porous carbons as efficient materials for carbon capture and energy storage applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 2","pages":"Article 100371"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailoring redox behavior of A-site defected LaxFe1-yNiyO3-δ perovskite oxygen carrier for chemical looping dry reforming of methane","authors":"Jianpeng Shi ,&nbsp;Min Lin ,&nbsp;Juping Zhang ,&nbsp;Di Gao ,&nbsp;Xing Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemical looping dry reforming of methane (CL-DRM) is a promising process for syngas production. However, its application is limited by the trade-off between activity and selectivity in redox reactions. Herein, we designed efficient La_xFe_1-yNi_yO_3-δ (0.9 ≤ x ≤ 1.0, 0.05 ≤ y ≤ 0.4) perovskite-type oxygen carriers (OCs) for CL-DRM via A-site defect engineering and B-site doping. Compared to stoichiometric LaFeO₃, the optimized OCs exhibited enhanced oxygen mobility, which resulted in 20.7 % higher methane conversion, 33.8 % greater syngas yield, and retention of over 90 % carbon monoxide selectivity. Experimental results reveal that absence of La cation improved the oxygen vacancy concentration and oxygen mobility which promoted the partial oxidation of methane. This defect engineering scheme effectively alleviates sintering and inhibits carbon deposition (Raman I_D/I_G = 0.7). Consequently, the OCs exhibit structural stability and regeneration ability throughout 50 redox cycles. This study provides a simple and effective strategy for tuning the redox properties of perovskite oxides for thermochemical or redox-related reactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 2","pages":"Article 100369"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pilot-scale biohydrogen production from Napier grass and oil palm frond: Comparison of SSF and pre-HF processes and the influence of trace metal supplementation on taxonomic and enzymatic profiles","authors":"Khaliyah Sani ,&nbsp;Nantharat Wongfaed ,&nbsp;Wei-Cheng Wang ,&nbsp;Shuheng Zhao ,&nbsp;Peer Mohamed Abdul ,&nbsp;Alissara Reungsang ,&nbsp;Sureewan Sittijunda","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research aimed to develop a prototype process for hydrogen production from Napier grass (NG) and oil palm frond (OPF). First, biohydrogen production was investigated in batch experiments using either the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process or the pre-hydrolysis and fermentation (pre-HF) process under different NG to OPF ratios. The proportions of NG:OPF of 2.5:7.5, 5.0:5.0, and 7.5:2.5 g-VS/L were tested in both SSF and pre-HF. The results showed that the proportion of NG:OPF of 5.0:5.0 g-VS/L (ratio of 1:1) had the highest hydrogen production in both the SSF and pre-HF processes, with hydrogen production of 370 ± 21 mL-H₂/L and 993 ± 64 mL-H₂/L, respectively. Among these, pre-HF showed higher performance. Next, a semi-continuous experiment in a 100 L continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) with a pre-HF process and NG:OPF of 5.0:5.0 g-VS/L at hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 4 and 3 days, with and without trace metal supplementation, was conducted. The highest hydrogen yield, 50.1 ± 3.4 mL-H₂/g-VS, was found at an HRT of 3 days with trace metal supplementation. Key microbes, including <em>Lactococcus</em> sp., <em>Bacteroides</em> sp., <em>Dysgonomonas</em> sp., and <em>Enterobacter</em> sp., showed increased abundance, improving hydrogen production from NG and OPF. The addition of trace elements significantly altered essential enzymes like 6-phosphofructokinase, which is crucial for forming pyruvate in hydrogen production. The medium-based economic analysis revealed that the pre-HF process with trace elements resulted in an overall hydrogen production of 9.32 m³, an improvement of 16.6 % compared to the 7.99 m³ obtained under pre-HF without adding trace elements. Consequently, the Economic Yield (EY) of pre-HF without trace element addition was 0.030 USD-H₂/USD-medium, which was enhanced to 0.035 USD-H₂/USD-medium by adding trace elements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 1","pages":"Article 100337"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145915276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outside Back Cover","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2588-9133(26)00011-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2588-9133(26)00011-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 1","pages":"Article 100414"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thank you reviewers!","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2026.100404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2026.100404","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 1","pages":"Article 100404"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pomegranate residues as fermentation feedstock for bioethanol production: Process design and characterization","authors":"Anastasios Kyriazis,&nbsp;George Aggelis,&nbsp;Alexandra Lianou","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pomegranate residues (PRs), namely pomegranate peels and seeds remaining after juice extraction, constitute a significant agro-industrial residue in Greece. Despite their ample content in carbon sources and bioactive compounds, PRs are largely unexploited, with their management being an increasing concern for the pomegranate processing industry. The objective of this study was the development and characterization of a bioprocess aiming at the biotechnological valorization of PRs for ethanol production. Specifically, a stepwise investigation was conducted, including (i) the production and chemical characterization of extracts/hydrolysates from PRs using distinct pretreatments not involving organic solvents or enzymatic hydrolysis; (ii) the assessment of the exploitability of a selected hydrolysate as fermentation feedstock using <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em>; and (iii) the advancement of the bioprocess through the joined utilization in the fermentation substrate of PRs and seeded raisins (SRs), another important agro-industrial residue in Greece. The finally developed substrate, comprising a mixture of PRs/SRs extracts at concentrations 60/40 % v/v, was used in three fermentation trials, and the fermentation process was quantitatively described using the Aiba model. The developed bioprocess resulted in satisfactorily high bioethanol production with the maximum attained concentration being 50.0 ± 0.6 g/L. The maximum specific growth rate (<em>µ</em>_max) of <em>S. cerevisiae</em> was estimated to be 0.135 1/h and the bioethanol yield (<em>Y_ps</em>), namely the amount of produced ethanol/amount of consumed reducing sugars, was estimated to be 0.423 g/g. Hence, PRs can be efficiently used in the development of a fermentation substrate for bioethanol production, providing an economic and environmentally sustainable alternative to conventional feedstocks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 1","pages":"Article 100338"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145915277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the deactivation pathway of supported Ni catalyst in fluidized-bed dry reforming of methane at high space velocity","authors":"Na Xu ,&nbsp;Yizheng Li ,&nbsp;Jie Du ,&nbsp;Zhanguo Zhang ,&nbsp;Guangwen Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 10 %Ni/γ⁃Al₂O₃ catalyst was prepared for dry reforming of methane. Spherical γ⁃Al₂O₃ particles having an average particle size of 60 µm were used as the support and an <em>iso</em>-volume impregnation method was employed for the preparation. All activity-evaluation tests were conducted in a fluidized-bed quartz reactor at 0.1 MPa and variable temperatures and space velocities for 600 min. The results of the tests revealed that at 750 °C the catalyst activity showed an obviously accelerated decrease trend with the increase of space velocity. Thermogravimetric analysis of the spent catalysts revealed, however, that little carbon deposit formed in those spent samples that had experienced faster decreases in activity at higher space velocities. While these two facts together deny the possibility of carbon deposition leading to the accelerated activity decline at 750 °C and high space velocities, increasing the CO₂/CH₄ ratio of the feed was demonstrated to further accelerate the activity decrease. Meanwhile, XRD and XPS analyses of the spent catalyst samples revealed that oxidative transformation of metallic Ni in catalyst to Ni_xO (x ≤ 1) species did occur in the reforming in the feed of CO₂/CH₄ = 1.5. All these results together have strongly revealed, for the first time, a conclusion as follows: it was the gradual oxidative transformation of active Ni sites in 10 %Ni/γ⁃Al₂O₃ catalyst to inactive Ni oxide species to cause a continuous decline of its dry reforming activity in fluidized-bed operation mode and at 750 °C and high space velocity condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 1","pages":"Article 100336"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145915247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insight into the catalytic role of industrial solid waste in improving gas quality during biomass pyrolysis","authors":"Chunhong Huang,&nbsp;Chuyang Tang,&nbsp;Jiaqi Liu,&nbsp;Xinyuan An,&nbsp;Shankun Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the catalytic pyrolysis of peanut shells (PNS) by employing three steel-industry solid wastes as catalysts: desulfurized ash (DA), mill scale (MS), and leaching solution of iron tailings (TLS). The objective was to enhance pyrolysis gas quality and yield while lowering catalyst cost, both critical for sustainable energy production. The catalytic effects on gas distribution and quality were investigated at 600 °C. Experimental results indicated that DA, MS, and TLS significantly increased the yield of pyrolysis gas, with TLS exhibiting the most pronounced effect. When the concentration of Fe₂(SO₄)₃ in TLS-PNS was 15 wt%, the yield of pyrolysis gas reached a maximum of 42.26 wt% (daf). This value exceeds the yields obtained from pyrolysis of PNS alone and under catalysis of DA or MS. Comparing to pyrolysis of PNS alone, catalytic pyrolysis at a DA/PNS ratio of 40/100 increased the contents of CH₄ and H₂ in pyrolysis gas by 51.27 % and 77.30 %, respectively. Additionally, Ca(OH)₂ in the DA absorbed CO₂ generated during the DA-catalyzed pyrolysis of PNS, thereby improving the quality of the gas. The effect of CH₄ and H₂ enrichment and CO₂ reduction resulted in a lower heating value (LHV) of 8.15 MJ/m³ for DA-catalyzed pyrolysis of PNS, which was 1.1 times higher than that pyrolysis of PNS alone (7.43 MJ/m³). Morphological and structural analyses of the biochar revealed that the integration of DA, MS, and TLS facilitated the thermal decomposition of PNS. This process resulted in increased porosity. The potential catalytic mechanisms of DA were further investigated using model compounds. These findings offer valuable insights into the use of low-cost catalysts for optimizing biomass pyrolysis, thereby contributing to the development of environmentally friendly energy sources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 1","pages":"Article 100339"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145915301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upcycling PET plastic waste into bacterial nanocellulose based electro catalyst efficient in direct methanol fuel cells","authors":"Sanja Stevanovic ,&nbsp;Jelena Milovanovic ,&nbsp;Ramesh Babu Padamati ,&nbsp;Vladan R. Cosovic ,&nbsp;Dragana Milosevic ,&nbsp;Christos Argirusis ,&nbsp;Georgia Sourkouni ,&nbsp;Jasmina Nikodinovic-Runic ,&nbsp;Marijana Ponjavic","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bio-upcycling is an emerging end-of-life strategy for the polymer waste treatment that uses the power of microorganisms to biocatalyticaly convert the pre-treated polymer waste monomers into high-added materials. Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), one of the leading synthetic polyesters in the global polymer market, produced from petrol based feedstock, still has no completely green alternative to meet global demand. Therefore, putting the PET based waste into a circular loop has become one of the major challenges of plastic waste management. In that context, the present study addressed the conversion of PET containing hydrolysates collected after the thermal pretreatment into bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), nowadays one of the most promising biopolymers produced in a sustainable manner. After the optimization of the BNC production cultivated under different conditions in PET hydrolysates, in a static way, the optimal conditions (yield of 3.0 mg/ml) was applied for scaling up. To further open the applicative potential of the BNC produced from PET containing plastic waste, platinum nanoparticles were deposited onto BNC developing new catalyst active in the methanol oxidation reaction. In order to enhance BNC ability to support Pt nanoparticles, it was blended with poly(vinyl alcohol), PVA, producing new PVA/BNC composites, recognized as an improved solid support, rich in hydroxyl groups that serve as an anchor points to Pt deposition. Due to the enrichment of BNC by PVA, it was possible to prepare highly active Pt-based catalyst with only 3 wt% of loaded Pt, which significantly reduce the cost of catalyst production. The cost-effective catalyst was prepared using sodium boron hydride as a reducing agent associated with film casting and fully characterized using FTIR, TGA, XRD, XPS, TEM, SEM-EDX analysis and its potential was confirmed in methanol oxidation reaction. This study explored the circular pathway from PET plastic waste to BNC and further to its potential application in direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 1","pages":"Article 100340"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145915302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}