Current Research in Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Genetic diversity and population structure of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis across India and South Asia: Insights from COI and ITS2 gene analyses","authors":"Soumya Shephalika Dash ,&nbsp;Prasanthi Golive ,&nbsp;C. Parameswaran ,&nbsp;Prakash Chandra Rath ,&nbsp;Hirak Chatterjee ,&nbsp;Arup Kumar Mukherjee ,&nbsp;Partha Sarathi Tripathy ,&nbsp;Anjan Kumar Nayak ,&nbsp;Sucharita Mohapatra ,&nbsp;Bijay Kumar Behera ,&nbsp;Shyamaranjan Das Mohapatra","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rice leaffolder, <em>Cnaphalocrocis medinalis</em>, a major pest of rice, poses a significant threat to crop yield across Asia. This is why the spread of this pest across Southeast Asia needs to be studied to understand its population dynamics, genetic diversity, and potential impact on regional rice cultivation. In this study, the genetic diversity and population structure of <em>C. medinalis</em> were examined using mitochondrial <em>COI</em> and nuclear <em>ITS2</em> gene sequences collected from 15 Indian states and several South Asian countries. A total of 100 <em>COI</em> and 63 <em>ITS2</em> sequences were analyzed, including new and publicly available data on NCBI, to assess nucleotide diversity, haplotype variation, and phylogenetic relationships. The DNA extraction, PCR amplification, sequencing, and bioinformatics analyses were done. Results revealed higher haplotype and nucleotide diversity in Indian populations compared to other Asian regions, indicating genetic variations and potential historical bottlenecks followed by population expansions. Median-joining haplotype networks showed widespread haplotypes, suggesting gene flow, while region-specific haplotypes indicated localized adaptation. AMOVA highlighted substantial genetic differentiation among populations for <em>COI</em> (62.51% variation), whereas <em>ITS2</em> showed moderate differentiation (43.86%). Phylogenetic analyses identified polyphyletic and monophyletic clades, emphasizing complex population dynamics. Neutrality tests and mismatch distributions suggested demographic expansions in Indian populations. These findings underscore the evolutionary history, possible migration pattern and genetic structure of <em>C. medinalis</em>, providing insights into pest management strategies. Future research should explore environmental and anthropogenic factors driving genetic differentiation to enhance integrated pest management practices, ensuring sustainable rice production across diverse agro-climatic regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100281"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review on Indian Acacia species","authors":"Bharat Singh ,&nbsp;Jagdish Prasad ,&nbsp;Ram Avtar Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acacia plants are evergreen, perennial, short, flat-crowned to long and straight-bole trees. A total of 34 species of Acacia genus are distributed in different states of India. Acacia plants are used in the treatment of chronic dysentery, diarrhoea, throat troubles, conjunctivitis and stomatitis. The critical data of ethnopharmacological properties, phytochemical and pharmacological attributes of 27 species were obtained through extensive review of relevant reference books, M. Sc./M. Tech dissertations, PhD theses, Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Wiley, Taylors &amp; Francis, Bentham, Thieme, Springer, and eFloras. The flavone glycosides, flavonoids, lignans, anthraquinones, monoterpenes, and alkaloids have been identified from 20 species of Indian Acacia species. Indian Acacia species possess antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antiarthritic, antistress, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and wound healing properties. However, various reports are available in literature on phytochemistry and biological properties of 27 Indian Acacia species but, still 7 species have not been evaluated for their pharmacological studies. The review discusses updated knowledge of ethnopharmacological applications, phytochemical and pharmacological attributes, and pharmacokinetic profiles of Indian Acacia species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100274"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curcumin dietary supplementation enhances serum carbohydrate-degrading enzyme activities in buffaloes","authors":"Maima Matin ,&nbsp;Natalia Ksepka ,&nbsp;Kamil Wysocki ,&nbsp;Michel-Edwar Mickael ,&nbsp;Alpana Pande ,&nbsp;Jarosław Olav Horbańczuk ,&nbsp;Artur Jóźwik ,&nbsp;Olga Adamska ,&nbsp;Artur Stolarczyk ,&nbsp;Laszlo Barna Iantovics ,&nbsp;Yordanka Ilieva ,&nbsp;Pencho Penchev ,&nbsp;Atanas G. Atanasov","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Curcumin, the major bioactive compound found in turmeric (<em>Curcuma longa</em>) is a subject of intensive research, due to its multiple bioactivities. Previous studies have investigated metabolic effects of curcumin in humans or established animal research models such as mice, but studies with farm animals have been scarce. In this work, we aimed to study the effects of curcumin supplementation in Bulgarian Murrah buffaloes (<em>Bubalus bubalis</em>), on the serum activities of seven important carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes, β-glucuronidase, α-galactosidase, α-glucosidase, β-glucosidase, β-galactosidase, N-acetyl-hexosaminidase, and mannosidase. Curcumin was supplemented at a dose of 50 g per animal, per day, and serum activities of the studied enzymes were determined at the start (day 0), middle (day 14), and end (day 28) of the supplementation period. A tendency for increased activity of all studied enzymes was observed upon supplementation with curcumin, with the activity levels of five of the enzymes displaying statistically significant upregulation at day 28 (β-glucuronidase, α-galactosidase, β-galactosidase, N-acetyl-hexosaminidase, and mannosidase). These upregulated activities are in general indicative of increased carbohydrates turnover and detoxification processes, and might provide clues for a better understanding of the mechanisms of action of curcumin <em>in vivo</em>, as well as for novel approaches to rationally impact animal or human health and wellbeing through targeted supplementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100276"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurotensin(8-13) analogs targeting NTS1 and NTS2 receptors: A comparative in vitro and molecular modeling study","authors":"Kiril Kirilov ,&nbsp;Maria Ponticelli ,&nbsp;Toni Kühl ,&nbsp;Harald Hübner ,&nbsp;Maya G. Georgieva ,&nbsp;Matthias Vogel ,&nbsp;Aneliya A. Balacheva ,&nbsp;Bodo Haas ,&nbsp;Tamara I. Pajpanova ,&nbsp;Maima Matin ,&nbsp;Luigi Milella ,&nbsp;Peter Gmeiner ,&nbsp;Diana Imhof ,&nbsp;Nikolay T. Tzvetkov","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2025.100298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The simultaneous activation of both neurotensin type 1 and 2 receptors (NTS1R and NTS2R) through the neuronal peptide neurotensin (NT), activating the dopamine (DA) release and DA signaling within the dopaminergic system in the brain, suggest that NTS1R/NTS2R dual-specific NT analogs may represent an attractive tool in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and/or other related conditions. Herein, we report <em>in silico</em> exploration of NTS1R and NTS2R driven by <em>in vitro</em> pharmacological evaluation of the linear hexapeptide NT analogs <strong>3</strong> (sequence Lys⁸-Cav⁹-Pro¹⁰-Tyr¹¹-Ile¹²-Leu¹³) and <strong>6</strong> (Arg⁸-Cav⁹-Pro¹⁰-Tyr¹¹-Ile¹²-Leu¹³), both active towards the human NTS1R and NTS2R. Compared to the parent peptide NT(8–13) (<strong>2</strong>), compounds <strong>3</strong> and <strong>6</strong> showed improved <em>in vitro</em> human plasma stability and BBB permeability. Moreover, <em>in silico</em> ADMET evaluation indicated that both NT-analogs have strong pharmacological properties combined with good safety profiles, highlighting their potential for further structural improvements. Furthermore, we applied an AI-based approach to generate the homology models of hNTS1R and hNTS2R, followed by MD simulations of their ligand-free state and molecular docking in order to estimate the most probable protein–ligand complexes of peptides <strong>3</strong> and <strong>6</strong>. Binding interaction/affinity analysis of the best-ranked docking modes, obtained with selected time-frames from the respective MD trajectories, suggest that the receptor activation occurs via a ligand-receptor binding into the initial “entry” conformation of hNTS1R and hNTS2R. This assumption is supported by additional HYDE analysis confirming the binding affinities of peptides <strong>3</strong> and <strong>6</strong> towards hNTS1R and hNTS2R obtained by radioligand binding experiments. The reported study may serve as a ready-to-use <em>in silico</em> approach for further development of therapeutic options against PD and potentially other neurological disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100298"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life cycle and environmental impact assessment of vegetation-activated sludge process (V-ASP) for decentralized wastewater treatment","authors":"Pu Li ,&nbsp;Xiaomeng Hu ,&nbsp;Jiajia Yuan ,&nbsp;Feiyun Sun ,&nbsp;Pengfei Li ,&nbsp;Wenyi Dong ,&nbsp;Erdeng Du ,&nbsp;Mingguo Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2023.100172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2023.100172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The integrated Vegetation-Activated Sludge Process (V-ASP) has emerged as a promising solution for decentralized wastewater treatment, offering a unique combination of landscape vegetation with the traditional Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic process (AAO). The experiments displayed that V-ASP consistently demonstrated remarkable treatment performance, maintaining stable removal efficiency exceeding 90 % for COD, NH₄⁺-N, and TP. The vegetation growth is helpful for the removal of pollutants and the microbial community in the allocated vegetation root, while the bulk suspended sludge was changed significantly by using PCR test. To comprehensively evaluate the environmental footprint of V-ASP, a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was conducted. The mass balance calculation containing wastewater treatment performance, energy consumption, vegetation growth behavior, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, treated water, and sludge discharge was carried out to establish the life cycle inventories (LCI). SimaPro 9.0 software and the ReCiPe (H) midpoint impact assessment method were employed, which revealed that the V-ASP system boasts low GHG emissions and freshwater eutrophication potential compared to the traditional AAO process. In essence, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the V-ASP system, especially the environmental impacts, guiding its potential for sustainable decentralized sewage treatment applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100172"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590262823000540/pdfft?md5=b199791f2cdc6d6f47b7448ee381f95e&pid=1-s2.0-S2590262823000540-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139023335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green extract surface-coated electrospun cellulose nanofibers as an efficient, reversible, and reusable smart colorimetric sensor for real-time monitoring of chicken freshness","authors":"Muhammad Asim Iqbal ,&nbsp;Sabeen Gohar ,&nbsp;Yoshinori Yabuta ,&nbsp;Liang Fanghua ,&nbsp;Wang Ling ,&nbsp;Muhammad Farooq ,&nbsp;Muhammad Nauman Sarwar ,&nbsp;Gopiraman Mayakrishnan ,&nbsp;Ick Soo Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2024.100192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crbiot.2024.100192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Smart colorimetric sensor for the naked-eye detection of food freshness is considered as the most attractive tool in food safety. Herein, we prepared curcumin (CUR) coated electrospun regenerated cellulose nanofiber (RCA) composites (CUR-Cot), to monitor the real-time spoilage of raw chicken. The physicochemical properties of the CUR-Cot sensor were completely studied. The surface modification, morphology, crystalline nature, and thermal stability of CUR-Cot were investigated by using various spectral, analytical, and microscopic techniques. Based on the results, the successful coating of CUR on the surface of RCA was confirmed. Interestingly, the CUR-Cot showed a significant change in total color difference value (ΔE, 0 days − 0.0–14.93, after 1 day – 14.93–23.64, after 2 days – 23.64–44.78, after 3 days- 44.78–55.22, and after 4 days – 55.22–60.96, detectable by the naked eye) in the real-time monitoring for chicken freshness. In addition, the present CUR-Cot smart colorimetric sensor is reversible with change in pH, and the reversed sensor can be reused. Furthermore, the hydrophobic nature of the CUR-Cot was confirmed by water contact angle analysis (WCA, contact angle of 90 ± 3.00), which increases its application and adaptability. Good antibacterial, barrier, and optical properties of the present CUR-Cot were also found. Overall, the results confirm that the usage of CUR-Cot sensor can be highly efficient, user-friendly, and non-destructive for the real-time monitoring of chicken freshness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100192"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590262824000182/pdfft?md5=273c453ff8f94e676def0bd2a303fe31&pid=1-s2.0-S2590262824000182-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140042235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of a prognostic model based on cuproptosis and ferroptosis-related genes in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma","authors":"Yingjie Wu ,&nbsp;Tao Zhou ,&nbsp;Juanjuan Hu ,&nbsp;Lisha Wu ,&nbsp;Yao Hu ,&nbsp;Liuqing Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2024.100253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2024.100253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a common invasive malignant tumor that lacks powerful predictive or prognostic biomarkers. Ferroptosis and cuproptosis are two new forms of programmed cell death. Our study was aimed at constructing a prognostic model with a combination of cuproptosis and ferroptosis-related genes (CFRGs) for the early clinical detection of HNSCC.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We obtained the information of CFRGs, including the RNASeq data and corresponding clinical data in HNSCC patients from the TCGA and GEO databases. We assessed 28 CFRGs, and analyzed the relationship between those genes and their clinical features and prognosis of HNSCC. The consensus cluster analysis was employed to generate three CFRGclusters. Then, we investigated the association of molecular patterns and prognostic significance in these subtypes. The clinical indicators of the prognosis-related genes were identified and prognostic CFRG_score were constructed. We then built a predictive nomogram with confirmed consistency and reliability by calibration curve analysis. At last, we verified the expression of CFRGs in HNSCC tissues by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical results.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The DEGs were different between the normal and HNSCC tumor tissues and we screened out 28 CFRGs related to the prognosis in HNSCC. Associations between the clinical information and prognosis were found in the molecular subtypes related to prognosis. We utilized enrichment analysis of the differential genes and showed that those DEGs were mostly enriched in the biological processes associated with the pathways of neurodegeneration-multiple diseases, Alzheimer disease, Prion disease, Parkinson disease and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. CFRG_score was established to predict the survival of HNSCC patients and found that higher CFRG_score suggested favorable OS for patients, indicating the prediction of better prognosis. Moreover, we created highly reliable nomogram which could predict well for the expected prognosis. In addition, we confirmed that the expression of EGFR, VEGFA, HSPA5, SLC3A2, CAV1 and CD44 were consistent with qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical analysis in HNSCC tissues by qRT-PCR.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This prognostic model based on prognostic differential CFRG_score is strongly related to clinical characteristics, prognosis, and therapy in HNSCC patients and could be used as a promising tool which is dedicated to guiding the treatment of HNSCC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100253"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590262824000790/pdfft?md5=3b344592f4a8895e4773a2d0fd9babcf&pid=1-s2.0-S2590262824000790-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review: Anti-obesity drug discovery from natural plant metabolites and endogenous peptides","authors":"Xiaomu Zhu ,&nbsp;Dongdong Wang ,&nbsp;Atanas G. Atanasov","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2024.100259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2024.100259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obesity is a condition of abnormal or excessive body fat accumulation. It is a chronic and degenerative disease that is a global health problem and causes large societal and economic burdens. However, until now, long-term pharmacotherapies to lower body weight to normal along with suitable tolerability and fewer side effects have remained a challenge. Natural products from plants are a promising source for new lead structures for drug discovery. Additionally, endogenous natural peptides have attracted increasing attention for fighting obesity recently. In this review, we first summarize recent findings on promising signaling/targets for managing body weight, including inhibition of appetite, nutrient absorption and energy expenditure. We also discuss pure natural compounds (such as betulinic acid) and endogenous peptides (such as GLP1, amylin, GIP, ghrelin) and their derivatives (such as orlistat) with anti-obesity effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100259"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic comparisons of preparative protocols to generate various types of stone-related crystals for in vitro study of renal calculi","authors":"Niracha Koeipudsa,&nbsp;Paleerath Peerapen,&nbsp;Visith Thongboonkerd","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2024.100239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2024.100239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>In vitro</em> studies of stone-related crystals and crystals-cell interactions have been extensively done to investigate cellular, molecular and pathogenic mechanisms leading to renal calculi. Effective preparation of various types of stone-related crystals is thus crucial for such studies. Nevertheless, various protocols for preparing these stone-related crystals were scatteredly reported without comparative analysis of their efficacies and yields. Herein, we systematically compared our protocols (with the suffix “-Si”) for preparing calcium oxalate (CaOx) monohydrate (COM), CaOx dihydrate (COD), magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite), uric acid (UA), calcium phosphate dihydrate (brushite), hydroxyapatite (HAP), and calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) crystals with other protocols published previously. The morphological evaluation revealed that our protocols provided the most homogeneous and most typical monoclinic prismatic, bipyramidal, coffin lid and rectangle shapes of COM, COD, struvite and UA crystals, respectively. There were comparable morphological results for brushite, HAP and CaCO₃ crystals generated by different protocols. Our protocols provided the greatest yield for generating brushite crystals but with lower yields for others. Chemical analysis by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed comparable results among different protocols to generate each crystal type. In summary, all these protocols can be used to generate each crystal type. But our protocols offer the best quality, in terms of homogeneity and typical shape, for generating COM, COD, struvite and UA crystals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100239"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590262824000650/pdfft?md5=dd85f9bd8d02cea1de220d5e9b696334&pid=1-s2.0-S2590262824000650-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141852088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritis effects of fucoidan from a brown seaweed","authors":"Preethy P. Raj ,&nbsp;Rajesh Kanna Gopal ,&nbsp;Elumalai Sanniyasi","doi":"10.1016/j.crbiot.2024.100220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crbiot.2024.100220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Severe inflammation in joints caused by the detrimental effects of the immune system is termed Rheumatoid arthritis. The unconstrained proliferation of immune cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines deteriorates Synovium which secretes synovial fluid to lubricate joints and cartilage. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the only therapeutics for treating rheumatoid arthritis, and long-term intake causes serious side effects on the organs. Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide found on the cell walls of brown algae shows bioactive potential. In our study, fucoidan was extracted from <em>Padina pavonica</em> (PD), <em>Stoechospermum marginatum</em> (StM), <em>Spatolossum macrodontum</em> (SpM), <em>Dictyota bartayresiana</em> (DD), and <em>Turbinaria decurrens</em> (TD) and evaluated for anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritis activities. Fucoidan was extracted and evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity <em>in vitro</em> using RAW 264.7 macrophage cell lines, followed by <em>in vivo</em> anti-arthritis activity on Wistar male rats. Nitric oxide suppression was comparatively high in fucoidan from TD (IC₅₀ − 12.93 µg/mL). Purified fucoidan from TD, significantly reduced inflammation, size of paw edema, downregulated proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α), and upregulated anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL10) in CFA-induced arthritis in Wistar male rats. Biochemical parameters like SOD, CAT, GSH, GPX, and GST and haematological parameters like total-protein, albumin, haemoglobin, and RBC were upregulated, and other parameters like urea, uric acid, creatinine, bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT, ALP, WBC, ESR, RF, and CRP were downregulated. Histopathology of the liver, kidney, and ankle joints reveals that fucoidan intake restrained inflammation and tissue damage. Therefore, fucoidan extracted from TD is a potential candidate for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52676,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Biotechnology","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100220"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590262824000467/pdfft?md5=e3746c4e2d04e126ed16f7ed27d36772&pid=1-s2.0-S2590262824000467-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140901381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}