{"title":"SlBES1-mediated brassinosteroid signaling suppresses flavonoid biosynthesis in tomato fruit.","authors":"Yue Jian, Yuening Li, Haoran Liu, Songshen Hu, Chengguo Jia, Shunhao Yu, Zhiyong Shao, Xi Ou, Jiaxin Yang, Fanliang Meng, Lihong Liu, Qiaomei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the improvement of living standards, consumers' demands for color diversity and nutritional quality of tomato products have increased. Flavonoid is a considerable index of peel color and nutritional quality in tomato fruit, where flavonoid biosynthesis is controlled by various phytohormones, including brassinosteroids (BRs). However, the underlying mechanism by which BR regulates flavonoid biosynthesis is still unknown. Here, we found that exogenous BR inhibits flavonoid accumulation, while reduced endogenous BR in RNA interference (RNAi) lines of SlCYP90B3, a rate-limiting BR biosynthetic gene, results in increased flavonoid content in fruit peel. Furthermore, we observed that BRI1-EMS-suppressor1 (SlBES1), a bHLH transcription factor essential for BR signaling, not only regulates fruit firmness, but also suppresses flavonoid accumulation by directly binding to the promoters of flavonoid biosynthetic genes SlCHS1, SlCHS2, and SlF3'H. Additionally, SlBES1 modulates a hierarchical transcriptional cascade to suppress flavonoid biosynthesis via repressing SlMYB12. Moreover, the homologous gene Brassinazole-resistant1 (SlBZR1) enhances the SlBES1-mediated repression of flavonoid accumulation. Specifically, SlBES1 predominantly inhibits the flavonoid biosynthesis, whereas SlBZR1 primarily enhances the carotenoid pathway. Interestingly, the variation of SlBES1 was correlated with flavonoid content during tomato domestication. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into novel role of SlBES1 as a negative regulator of flavonoid biosynthesis with potential for biofortification of flavonoid in tomato.</p>","PeriodicalId":52373,"journal":{"name":"Plant Communications","volume":" ","pages":"101523"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sustainable and secretory production of saffron pigments in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and E. coli.","authors":"Shanshan Song, Fatimah Aljedaani, Kit Xi Liew, Jianing Mi, Mohamed Salem, Salim Bougouffa, Sebastian Overmans, Kyle J Lauersen, Xiongjie Zheng, Salim Al-Babili","doi":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101388","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52373,"journal":{"name":"Plant Communications","volume":" ","pages":"101388"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12447417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant CommunicationsPub Date : 2025-09-08Epub Date: 2025-07-12DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101457
Hossein Ghanizadeh, Zainab Qamer, Yao Zhang, Aoxue Wang
{"title":"The multifaceted roles of PP2C phosphatases in plant growth, signaling, and responses to abiotic and biotic stresses.","authors":"Hossein Ghanizadeh, Zainab Qamer, Yao Zhang, Aoxue Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Abiotic and biotic stresses constitute substantial challenges to global agricultural productivity. Plants have evolved complex regulatory mechanisms to mitigate these stresses, including signaling networks that govern physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses. Among these, protein phosphorylation plays a pivotal role in stress adaptation; protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) proteins serve as key regulators across multiple signaling pathways. PP2Cs influence plant stress responses through interactions with various proteins, including SNF1-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE 2s (SnRK2s), abscisic acid (ABA) receptors, transcription factors, and ion channels, thereby fine-tuning signaling cascades and physiological adaptations under stress conditions. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the PP2C gene family in plants, emphasizing their structural characteristics, regulatory mechanisms, and functional roles in abiotic and biotic stress responses. We highlight the biological significance of PP2Cs in modulating critical pathways such as ABA, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and calcium signaling. Additionally, we explore the roles of PP2Cs in regulating root development, stomatal behavior, ion homeostasis, and immune responses, demonstrating their roles in coordinating plant developmental processes with adaptive responses to environmental challenges, particularly under resource-limited conditions. Finally, we identify current knowledge gaps and propose future research directions to advance the broader understanding of PP2C-mediated regulation of physiological functions, stress responses, and developmental signaling. Deeper insights into PP2C functions may facilitate novel strategies to promote crop resilience and enhance agricultural sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":52373,"journal":{"name":"Plant Communications","volume":" ","pages":"101457"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12447435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144621176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant CommunicationsPub Date : 2025-09-08Epub Date: 2025-07-12DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101438
Yuanyuan Li, Zhiqing Li, Chenyu Xu, Qiaomei Wang
{"title":"WRKYs as regulatory hubs of secondary metabolic networks: Diverse inducers and distinct responses.","authors":"Yuanyuan Li, Zhiqing Li, Chenyu Xu, Qiaomei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>WRKY transcription factors (TFs) have been widely investigated for their roles in stress responses and plant development. Nevertheless, recent studies have revealed that WRKY TFs also exert important functions in the regulation of plant secondary metabolic networks, which are closely associated with crop resistance and quality. In this review, we comprehensively summarize how WRKYs are activated by various developmental and environmental cues to mediate distinct regulatory responses that control the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, carotenoids, and glucosinolates. We also examine the multi-layered modulation mediated by WRKYs, focusing on epigenetic regulation and post-translational modifications and highlighting their roles as regulatory hubs in secondary metabolism. Finally, we propose future research directions and discuss potential agricultural applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":52373,"journal":{"name":"Plant Communications","volume":" ","pages":"101438"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12447434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144621177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A bHLH7-PDF2 module mediates transcriptional regulation to repress seed oil accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana.","authors":"Zijin Liu, Yu Zhao, Lianying Mao, Dong Li, Bo Song, Minshan Jin, Jun Ma, Jianjun Wang, Shuangcheng He, Shixiang Wang, Huan Hu, Yuan Guo, Saiqi Yang, Mingxun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seed oil accumulation requires precise coordination of multiple factors, and transcription factors (TFs) play crucial roles in governing this process. However, details of how TFs and crosstalk between different TF families coordinate the transcriptional network associated with seed oil accumulation remain to be clarified. Here, we report that basic helix-loop-helix7 (bHLH7) and PROTODERMAL FACTOR2 (PDF2) TFs, both highly expressed in developing embryos, negatively control seed oil accumulation. bHLH7 and PDF2 physically interact and cooperatively inhibit the transcription of MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN 96 (MYB96), PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE E1 BETA1 (PDH-E1β1), PDH-E1β2, and BIOTIN CARBOXYL CARRIER PROTEIN1 (BCCP1) by directly binding to their promoters. Additional genetic evidence demonstrated that bHLH7 and PDF2 act in an additive manner to repress seed oil accumulation, and this effect is partially dependent on PDH-E1β1, which significantly promotes seed oil deposition. Collectively, our results provide insights into the mechanisms by which the bHLH7-PDF2 module mediates transcriptional regulation to control oil accumulation in A. thaliana seeds.</p>","PeriodicalId":52373,"journal":{"name":"Plant Communications","volume":" ","pages":"101459"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12447430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144668995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The complete synthetic pathway of echinacoside from Cistanche deserticola and its de novo biosynthesis in yeast.","authors":"Yali Ban, Jixuan Jiang, Hongwang Yang, Haiyang Jia, Yaru Pang, Xu Cheng, Jianbin Yan, Qinggang Liao, Chun Li, Bo Lv, Yongjun Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Echinacoside (ECH), a representative phenylethanol glycoside, exhibits diverse pharmacological properties and is used in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases), ischemic brain injury, and cancer. The growing therapeutic demand for ECH has highlighted the need for scalable production. However, conventional methods face major limitations: chemical synthesis is hindered by the compound's structural complexity, and the yield of ECH extracted from plants is naturally low due to the host-dependent growth of Cistanche deserticola (C. deserticola), a parasitic desert plant. To establish a sustainable microbial production platform, we first deciphered the biosynthetic pathway of ECH in C. deserticola by integrating metabolomics analyses of plant tissues and callus cultures. This enabled the identification of key precursors, enzymatic steps, and regulatory mechanisms. Leveraging this knowledge, we engineered the pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, achieving de novo ECH biosynthesis at a titer of 7.52 ± 1.42 mg/l. This study lays the foundation for industrial-scale ECH production and deepens our understanding of bioactive compound biosynthesis in parasitic plants, offering insights for future pathway engineering efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":52373,"journal":{"name":"Plant Communications","volume":" ","pages":"101430"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12447445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144499118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant CommunicationsPub Date : 2025-09-08Epub Date: 2025-06-24DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101428
Chuanliang Liu, Xinyi Lin, Min Xu, Zhao Zheng, Zhenghao Wang, Xin Huang, Feihua Wu, Guoyong Liu, Weijie Liu, Changlian Peng, Yan Guo, Yixiong Zheng, Caiji Gao, Wenjin Shen, Hongbo Li
{"title":"The ESCRT component FYVE4 modulates salt-stress response by strengthening the SOS1-SOS2 interaction in Arabidopsis.","authors":"Chuanliang Liu, Xinyi Lin, Min Xu, Zhao Zheng, Zhenghao Wang, Xin Huang, Feihua Wu, Guoyong Liu, Weijie Liu, Changlian Peng, Yan Guo, Yixiong Zheng, Caiji Gao, Wenjin Shen, Hongbo Li","doi":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The plant-specific FYVE-domain-containing protein FYVE4, a component of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport III (ESCRT-III), participates in membrane protein sorting. However, the mechanism by which FYVE4 coordinates plant growth responses to environmental stress remains unclear. In this study, we reveal a novel function of FYVE4 in positively regulating plant salt resistance by modulating the Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) signaling pathway. FYVE4 enhances SOS1 phosphorylation by promoting SOS1-SOS2 interactions during salt stress. Loss of FYVE4 reduces the SOS1-SOS2 association, leading to decreased SOS1 phosphorylation and increased plant sensitivity to salt stress. Notably, overexpression of SOS1 does not rescue the salt-sensitive phenotype of fyve4-1, whereas SOS2 overexpression does. In summary, our findings highlight the critical role of FYVE4 in promoting SOS1-SOS2 interactions to mitigate salt stress and reveal a previously unrecognized function of FYVE4 in abiotic stress responses, extending beyond its established role in membrane trafficking regulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":52373,"journal":{"name":"Plant Communications","volume":" ","pages":"101428"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12447447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144499119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant CommunicationsPub Date : 2025-09-08Epub Date: 2025-07-29DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101467
Shuyuan Tang, Yanyang Liang, Fengqi Wu, Ya Wu, Jiawei Li, Lvna Lin, Junting Feng, Aiping Luan, You Wang, Chunxiang Xu, Jiabao Wang, Yongfeng Zhou, Rui Xia, Yi Liao, Chengjie Chen
{"title":"HiMT: An integrative toolkit for assembling organelle genomes using HiFi reads.","authors":"Shuyuan Tang, Yanyang Liang, Fengqi Wu, Ya Wu, Jiawei Li, Lvna Lin, Junting Feng, Aiping Luan, You Wang, Chunxiang Xu, Jiabao Wang, Yongfeng Zhou, Rui Xia, Yi Liao, Chengjie Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101467","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes, which coexist with the nuclear genome, are extensively used in gene function studies, evolutionary analyses, and targeted breeding. However, assembling these organelle genomes remains challenging due to frequent recombination events and abundant repetitive sequences. Although some assembly tools are available, many are difficult to install or require extensive parameter tuning and computational resources. To address these limitations, we present a high-fidelity, data-driven mitochondrial genome assembly toolkit (HiMT), a user-friendly, out-of-the-box software solution that enables one-click chloroplast and mitochondrial genome assembly using default parameters, particularly for plant species. HiMT automatically estimates read coverage depth and employs a fixed k-mer prefix strategy to minimize computational demands, making it suitable for use on standard laptops. Benchmark tests show that HiMT delivers complete assemblies with a high success rate, fast runtimes, and low hardware requirements. Additionally, HiMT features a graphical user interface (GUI) and generates interactive reports for assessing the quality of organelle genome assemblies. We anticipate that HiMT will facilitate high-quality plant mitochondrial genome research and significantly streamline organelle genome assembly workflows. To support the research community, HiMT is freely available to non-commercial users at https://github.com/tang-shuyuan/HiMT.</p>","PeriodicalId":52373,"journal":{"name":"Plant Communications","volume":" ","pages":"101467"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12447420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144755105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}