{"title":"Smart agriculture in Asia.","authors":"Fahui Yuan, Ricardo Ospina, Anand Babu Perumal, Noboru Noguchi, Yong He, Yufei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Faced with a shortage of agricultural land and a changing climate, Asia urgently needs to focus on smart agriculture to meet the food demands of an increasing population. In recent years, advances in information technology and governmental support have promoted the rapid development of smart agriculture in Asia. This study provides a comprehensive review of the progress of smart agriculture in Asia. First, using bibliometrics, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of Asian smart-agriculture research in terms of countries, institutions, and keywords. Second, we investigate innovative technologies used in smart agriculture and provide a systematic summary of agricultural production in Asia, from breeding to harvest. In addition, we conduct qualitative and quantitative assessments of smart-agriculture policies across Asia and present cutting-edge solutions to key challenges such as climate change, labor shortage, and water scarcity. Currently, Asian smart-agriculture policies are insufficient in areas such as risk prevention and control, international cooperation, and standardization. Accordingly, future efforts may focus on enhancing data security and standardization to promote the global development and popularization of smart agriculture. Finally, we discuss trends and challenges that need to be considered and addressed in the future. This review aims to analyze the technical characteristics and application status of smart agriculture in Asia and to provide resources for researchers and policy makers.</p>","PeriodicalId":52373,"journal":{"name":"Plant Communications","volume":" ","pages":"101377"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12281225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144086921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chromatin accessibility dynamics and transcriptional regulatory networks underlying the primary nitrogen response in rice roots.","authors":"Wenhui Li, Xinxin Zhu, Junjiao Yang, Xiangyu Zhou, Luchang Ming, Ling Yang, Jiacheng Li, Zengdong Tan, Chunjiao Xia, Dujun Wang, Xingbing Xu, Zhanxiang Zong, Hu Zhao, Meng Yang, Lizhong Xiong, Xingming Lian, Weibo Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nitrogen (N) is essential for rice growth; however, the transcriptional regulation of the primary nitrogen response (PNR), characterized by the rapid upregulation of N uptake and assimilation genes upon N resupply, remains poorly understood. This study investigated the dynamics of the PNR in the roots of two rice cultivars (Zhenshan 97 and Nipponbare) via time-series Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using sequencing and RNA sequencing analyses within 2 h of ammonium nitrate resupply. Regulatory regions responsive to N induction were precisely identified. Coordinated and cascading changes in chromatin accessibility and gene expression were observed, with chromatin state frequently preceding transcriptional changes. Integrative analysis of expression-chromatin accessibility associations revealed a redundant N-responsive regulatory network. OsLBD38 and OsLBD39, identified as early-response regulators, transcriptionally suppress nitrate reductases while enhancing nitrite reductases; they may function as metabolic safeguarders to prevent nitrite accumulation. OsbZIP23 was identified as a novel regulator directly binding to the promoters of N uptake and metabolism genes, regulating genes in patterns opposite to LBD-regulated genes, suggesting a complex regulatory interplay. Cross-species comparisons with Arabidopsis highlighted the conserved N-responsive regulatory roles of these hub regulators and their targets. Comparative analyses between cultivars revealed expression divergence and genetic differentiation in N-responsive genes, implying indica/japonica-specific adaptations. Furthermore, deep learning predictions of chromatin accessibility between cultivars indicated that expression variation in N uptake and metabolism genes is primarily influenced by trans-acting regulatory factors. These findings provide a comprehensive view of the dynamic regulatory landscape governing the PNR in rice.</p>","PeriodicalId":52373,"journal":{"name":"Plant Communications","volume":" ","pages":"101392"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12281222/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144227594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant CommunicationsPub Date : 2025-07-14Epub Date: 2025-05-28DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101389
Zhenzhen Zhang, Hongliang Zhang, Lei Feng, Antong Wang, Zijie Lin, Cunyi Tan, Efren Gonzalez, Tarabryn Grismer, Shou-Ling Xu, Zhi-Yong Wang
{"title":"UPL3 promotes BZR1 degradation, growth arrest, and seedling survival under starvation stress in Arabidopsis.","authors":"Zhenzhen Zhang, Hongliang Zhang, Lei Feng, Antong Wang, Zijie Lin, Cunyi Tan, Efren Gonzalez, Tarabryn Grismer, Shou-Ling Xu, Zhi-Yong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sugar-mediated regulation of hormone signaling is crucial for optimizing growth under normal conditions and ensuring survival during environmental stress. Previous studies have shown that sugar starvation induces the degradation of BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT 1 (BZR1), the master transcription factor of the brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting growth. However, the molecular mechanism linking sugar signaling to BZR1 degradation remains unknown. To identify proteins that mediate starvation-induced BZR1 degradation, we performed a quantitative proteomic analysis of the BZR1 interactome under starvation conditions and identified UBIQUITIN PROTEIN LIGASE 3 (UPL3) as a sugar-regulated protein that promotes BZR1 degradation and regulates growth and survival in response to sugar availability. upl3 mutants showed increased BZR1 accumulation and larger seedling size compared to the wild type under sugar-limiting conditions, but not when grown on sugar-containing medium, which indicates that UPL3 mediates BZR1 degradation and growth inhibition under sugar-limited conditions. Although upl3 mutations promoted growth under short-term starvation, they substantially reduced survival under long-term starvation. The enhanced growth phenotype of upl3 was also observed when target of rapamycin (TOR) was inactivated, but not when BR biosynthesis was blocked, suggesting that UPL3 acts downstream of sugar-TOR signaling to regulate BZR1 degradation. Furthermore, UPL3 protein levels increased post-transcriptionally in response to starvation and TOR inhibition, and decreased upon sugar treatment. Our study identifies UPL3 as a key molecular link between sugar signaling and BR signaling. We propose that sugar-TOR signaling inhibits UPL3 to promote BZR1 accumulation and growth, thereby optimizing plant growth and survival in response to sugar availability.</p>","PeriodicalId":52373,"journal":{"name":"Plant Communications","volume":" ","pages":"101389"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12281193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144183017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An InDel insertion in the promoter of a UDP-ᴅ-glucuronate 4-epimerase 1 gene enhances maize resistance to Fusarium ear rot.","authors":"Chaopei Dong, Yabin Wu, Jingyang Gao, Yunxia Song, Zhaokun Wu, Zhao Wang, Jianju He, Qian Yu, Zhonghuan Zhao, Mengya Cao, Ronghui Zhang, Weibin Song, Xuecai Zhang, Pei Jing, Doudou Sun, Huiyong Zhang, Zijian Zhou, Jiafa Chen, Jianyu Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fusarium ear rot (FER), caused by Fusarium verticillioides, results in substantial yield losses and poses a significant threat to maize production worldwide. However, the genetic basis of FER resistance remains poorly understood. Utilizing QTL-seq and association analysis, we identified a gene encoding UDP-ᴅ-glucuronate 4-epimerase 1 (ZmGAE1). A 141-base pair insertion was revealed as the natural functional variation in the promoter of ZmGAE1, which decreases its expression and enhances resistance to FER. Functional validation confirmed that ZmGAE1 acts as a negative regulator of maize resistance to FER. Notably, reduced ZmGAE1 accumulation not only improved FER resistance but also lowered fumonisin content. This effect was attributed to increased cell density within the down-placenta chalaza region, accompanied by the accumulation of galacturonic acid and pectin. Crucially, lines lacking ZmGAE1 exhibited no adverse effects on key agronomic traits and showed resistance to multiple diseases, including maize stalk rot, southern leaf blight, and seed rot. These findings highlight ZmGAE1 as a promising candidate for improving FER resistance in maize, offering a novel approach for crop protection and sustainable agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":52373,"journal":{"name":"Plant Communications","volume":" ","pages":"101380"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12281194/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Self-alleviation of continuous-cropping obstacles in potato via root-exudate-driven recruitment of growth-promoting bacteria.","authors":"Haiyan Ma, Zhitong Ren, Aihua Luo, Xiaoting Fang, Ruilin Liu, Chao Wu, Xinxin Shi, Junji Li, Heping Lv, Xiaohua Sun, Kaiqin Zhang, Shunlin Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Continuous-cropping (CC) obstacles are among the primary factors limiting the development of global agriculture. Although most plants are negatively affected by barriers that develop with CC, they may also overcome such obstacles by altering the soil biological and chemical environment to favor plant growth. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which plants recruit beneficial microorganisms using root exudates to alleviate obstacles in a 10-year CC potato system. On day 20 after potato emergence, soil microorganisms in the CC system promoted an increase in adventitious root (AR) numbers by increasing the indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) content of the rhizosphere soil. Analysis of rhizosphere bacterial communities using 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that CC alters community structure, increasing the abundance of Pantoea sp. MCC16. Irrigation with root exudates from CC potato significantly increased AR numbers and Pantoea sp. MCC16 abundance. Through untargeted metabolomic analysis, we identified nobiletin as key metabolite that promotes Pantoea sp. MCC16 colonization in the rhizosphere. Furthermore, application of either nobiletin or Pantoea sp. MCC16 significantly improved the yield of CC potatoes. These findings demonstrate that CC plants can actively secrete the unique metabolite nobiletin to recruit Pantoea sp. MCC16, a high IAA producer, to help plants recover functional traits and mitigate CC obstacles.</p>","PeriodicalId":52373,"journal":{"name":"Plant Communications","volume":" ","pages":"101372"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12281297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144025385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}