Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina最新文献

{"title":"Extranjeros in Amerika - Gesetzgebung und bourbonische Reformpolitik","authors":"M. Biersack","doi":"10.15460/JBLA.54.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15460/JBLA.54.27","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl articulo analiza el impacto de las reformas borbonicas en la politica frente a los extranjeros en Hispano-America. Se examina los principales mecanismos del gobierno de Felipe V, Fernando VI y Carlos III para controlar los procesos migratorios en America: la naturalizacion y la legislacion frente a los extranjeros. Referente a la naturalizacion se describe los cambios que dicha practica experimentaba a lo largo del siglo XVII, por ejemplo la desaparicion de la Composicion y el aparecer de un nuevo instrumento, las Cartas de tolerancia. Con la legislacion se pretendia cerrar los huecos por los cuales los extranjeros intentaban evadir una expulsion de America. Tanto los cambios en los procesos de naturalizacion como los cambios en la legislacion tenian el objetivo de fortalecer la soberania del Rey sobre la admision legal de los extranjeros en America. No obstante, en la practica las autoridades americanas aun disponian de muchos recursos para tolerar por si mismo a extranjeros. EnglishThe article examines the impact of the early Bourbon reforms on the politics towards foreigners in Spanish America. It reconstructs two of the main governmental instruments to control migration: naturalization procedures and legislation on foreigners. Regarding the naturalization practice, the article describes the changes it experienced during the eighteenth century, such as the non-application of the Composicion and the newly introduced instrument of the Cartas de tolerancia. Legislation aimed to close gaps by which foreigners so far had tried to avoid an expulsion from America. Both, changes in naturalization procedures and legislation finally should strengthen the king’s sovereignty concerning the legal admission of foreigners. Nevertheless, in practice the American authorities still held many resources to tolerate foreigners by their own. Keywords:","PeriodicalId":52370,"journal":{"name":"Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina","volume":"34 1","pages":"281-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85619055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Globalizing Violence: The Mexican Revolution and the First World War","authors":"Stefan Rinke, Karina Kriegesmann","doi":"10.15460/JBLA.54.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15460/JBLA.54.15","url":null,"abstract":"Without doubt, since its very beginning, the 20th century has been a century of violence. Latin America, too, partook in that experience. This can be illustrated clearly by paying attention to the Mexican Revolution. The protracted civil war in which the various factions fought during many years demanded even more victims per capita than the First World War in all the belligerent European countries. In fact, the Mexican case emphasized that there was no possibility to keep out of the global spiral of violence that during the war years reached a hitherto unknown dimension and went beyond war-torn Europe or single nation states. In order to obtain a more detailed understanding of the interpretive models of the World War developed in Latin America and especially in Mexico, a consideration of the circumstances of cruelty in the subcontinent in the early decade of 1910 appears to be important. This does not mean to establish a causal connection between the developments in Mexico and the World War. However, an analysis of the viewpoint of numerous contemporaries reveals that both events were linked to a world in crisis. From the contemporaries’ perspective, a wave of violence had caught the whole globe and underpinned the end of its self-certainty. This article aims to depict the Mexican perceptions and connotations of the First World War while considering the specific regional circumstances and the interactions between global transformations and local experiences. For Mexico, in particular, the war appeared to be inserted in a period of social revolutionary turmoil and political disturbance, which reached its peak between 1917 and 1919. This process opened up new spaces for understanding the role of the nation as well as for its position in a world which was profoundly changing.","PeriodicalId":52370,"journal":{"name":"Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina","volume":"4 1","pages":"39-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90738469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La recepción de la Revolución Mexicana en América del Sur","authors":"G. Palacios","doi":"10.15460/JBLA.54.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15460/JBLA.54.22","url":null,"abstract":"This article studies the reaction of the governments, and, in some cases, of the public opinion of the more politically active countries in South America, when confronted with the Mexican revolutionary movements of 1910. It follows the steps of the reformists processes, strongly oriented towards the left side of the political spectrum, from the beginning of the 1920’s until the years of the Spanish Civil War. The central argument proposes that the South American governments, most of them from an oligarchic-rightist extraction, firmly allied with the United States, maintained diplomatic missions in Mexico City basically due to the country’s condition of a laboratory for radical leftist reforms that could very well spread to the south of the continent. Information was needed to prevent contamination. Furthermore, the article discusses the opportunity of the so-called Mexican Revolution represented for the failed efforts of the ABC block – Argentina, Brazil, Chile – towards the consolidation as the hegemonic political formation of Latin America, and the role the overheated political environment of Mexico City played in the re-enacting of South America’s old territorial disputes.","PeriodicalId":52370,"journal":{"name":"Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina","volume":"55 1","pages":"81-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85642424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Administração da Justiça em espaços coloniais. A experiência imperial portuguesa e os seus juízes, na época moderna","authors":"Nuno Camarinhas","doi":"10.7767/jbla-2015-0107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7767/jbla-2015-0107","url":null,"abstract":"– This paper proposes to study the early-modern Portuguese magistracy to demonstrate a specific character of the Portuguese imperial experience which resided in an intense circulation of its agents, either between different colonial territories, either between the colonies and mainland Portugal. It underlines the precociousness of its bureaucratization, which derives from the notion of royal service and its non-transactional nature, since the early 16th century. The paper elaborates on the role played by magistrates and their circulation in the construction of a common juridical space that is built by the Portuguese crown throughout the early-modern period in its overseas territories. It ends up proposing some exploratory methodologies to map and measure the construction and extension of this bureaucratic network, making use of both prosopographical data and network analysis methods.","PeriodicalId":52370,"journal":{"name":"Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina","volume":"52 1","pages":"109 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71323701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defendiendo una frontera La ciudad de Corrientes, milicias e indios chaqueños, Siglos XVII–XVIII","authors":"F. Pozzaglio, Pedro Miguel Omar Svriz Wucherer","doi":"10.7767/jbla-2016-0106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7767/jbla-2016-0106","url":null,"abstract":"– This article studies the frontier region of the Argentine city of Corrientes based on the concept of centre and periphery. It analyzes the level of autonomy this region obtained in all matters regarding its defense. The article focusses on the way local authorities, indigenous groups, Jesuits and citizens of Corrientes contributed to the defense of the border. One important group were the milicias guaraníes, combat units consisting of indigenous who were considered indios amigos and therefore were allowed to carry weapons. Investigating on this microlevel local answers to problems concerning the interests of the monarchy, allows us a deeper insight into the general dynamics of peripheral territories, especially frontier regions and their practices. Analizando un microcosmos fronterizo: características e historiografía El Nordeste rioplatense era un territorio complejo y periférico de la monarquía hispana. El objetivo de este artículo consiste en estudiar esta región desde los conceptos de centro y periferia, para entender el grado de autonomía que alcanzaron estas tierras en cuanto a su defensa2. Como mencionan 1 Una primera versión de este trabajo fue presentado en el Congreso Internacional de Jóvenes Investigadores UAM. “Conectando” el Mundo Atlántico: redes, barreras e intercambio (1492–1830), organizado por la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid y celebrado en dicha ciudad entre los días 2 y 4 de abril de 2014. Los comentarios y sugerencias recibidos nos permitieron ampliar dicha ponencia al presente artículo, agradecemos especialmente los aportes del Dr. Bartolomé Yun Casalilla en este sentido. 2 Desde el punto de vista militar son numerosos los estudios recientes que han propuesto la descentralización de la defensa de fronteras en los imperios, a partir del análisis de las negociaciones e intereses que imperaban en cada uno de esos territorios. Entre estos tra60 Fernando Ariel Pozzaglio y Pedro Miguel Omar Svriz Wucherer Amy Turner Bushnell y Jack P. Greene, esta autonomía de las periferias no sólo derivó de la debilidad de los recursos coercitivos de la metrópoli y la distancia del centro sino también del dominio de los colonos de las estructuras de autoridad a nivel local. Estas estructuras de autoridad surgieron del esfuerzo de los colonos para construir organizaciones políticas de estilo europeo en el Nuevo Mundo3. Si bien estos autores exponen estas ideas en relación a Gran Bretaña y sus colonias consideramos que esta configuración de la agency de los colonos, también puede aplicarse al imperio español4. Imperio que nos plantea una paradoja en la época moderna. Incrementa la concentración de poder en un centro cada vez más reducido, al mismo tiempo que crece su dependencia de las fuerzas sociales periféricas5. Para superar esta dicotomía, al historiador le resta, según Xavier Gil Pujol, “estudar o impacto do Estado moderno no microcosmo da vida local”6. Nos centraremos entonces en un microcosmos del nordeste rioplatense, la ciudad de Corr","PeriodicalId":52370,"journal":{"name":"Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina","volume":"37 1","pages":"59 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78338509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Los diplomáticos y el comercio de exportación argentino durante la Primera Guerra Mundial","authors":"Agustina Rayes","doi":"10.7767/jbla-2016-0113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7767/jbla-2016-0113","url":null,"abstract":"– In this paper, we analyze the role of the Argentine diplomats in promoting exports during First World War in order to contrast it with their behavior along the previous period. We start with a summary of Argentine export performance, both in products and destinations. Then, we divide the study over diplomacy in three aspects: communication, action and prediction. The empirical evidence on which we based our study is particularly the unpublished documentation of Diplomatic and Consular Series, found in Argentine Foreign Affairs Ministry Archive. “La acción, un tanto restringida de las funciones de los Consulados, debería ampliarse, haciéndose de ellos el vehículo natural para todo aquello que tenga una faz comercial”.1","PeriodicalId":52370,"journal":{"name":"Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina","volume":"1 3 1","pages":"255 - 282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78253763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Sois libres, sois iguales, sois hermanos” Sociedades democráticas en Quito de mediados del siglo XIX","authors":"B. González","doi":"10.7767/jbla-2016-0110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7767/jbla-2016-0110","url":null,"abstract":"– This research project addresses the political participation of artists and artisans in Quito in the mid–1800’s, during what’s known as the “March” national governments, especially under the rule of José María Urvina (1851–1856) and Francisco Robles (1856–1859). The first section examines the role of the so called Sociedades Democráticas as places of sociability and political learning, where literate lettered artists and artisans gathered with the members of the political and publishing elites. There, they applied the concepts, keywords, values and practices from liberalism. The second section studies the 1845 Revolution commemoration speeches, written by members of the Sociedades Democráticas, which reflected their requirements for building an egalitarian, democratic and Catholic political community. Finally, the third section examines the newspaper El Artesano (1857–1859), published by former members of the Sociedades Democráticas, to analyze their efforts to participate in the public debates of Quito. The purpose of this article is to examine the ways in which the liberal official discourse was appropriated and transformed by the members of the Sociedades Democráticas according to their own political expectations and identities, and how these meaning constructs shaped a local version of Catholic liberalism. * Agradezco los valiosos comentarios de Juan Maiguashca y Pablo Ospina; así como la colaboración de Tatiana Salazar y Ligia Caicedo para la obtención de las fuentes documentales requeridas para este ensayo. Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el fondo para investigaciones del Comité de Investigaciones de la Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar (UASB, Quito) y forma parte de un proyecto más amplio de la autora, en el que se estudian las tempranas experiencias liberales en Ecuador de la primera mitad del siglo XIX, desde una perspectiva transnacional y de historia cruzadas. 186 Galaxis Borja González","PeriodicalId":52370,"journal":{"name":"Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina","volume":"1 1","pages":"185 - 210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85916238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Su pueblo llora, América se inclina”: la eficacia política de una muerte argentina","authors":"S. Gayol","doi":"10.7767/jbla-2016-0114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7767/jbla-2016-0114","url":null,"abstract":"– This article studies a public funeral in different cities of Argentina. It shows the power of the Unión Civica Radical (U.C.R.) at mobilizing a population, and the importance of local political experiences in the generation of political identities. Analyzing the transnational repercussion of the death it is argued that the dead body became a symbol for the path many Latin-American political regimes took: a changing from a liberal republic to a dictatorship. From the analysis of a particular death, the article revises some interpretations of the first mass political party in Argentina, it sustains the need to embed history into a bigger context and proposes a dynamic reading of funeral rites.","PeriodicalId":52370,"journal":{"name":"Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina","volume":"214 4","pages":"283 - 306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72416916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entre la crisis económica y la migración alemana. Las actividades del comerciante Cristóbal Guillermo Schutte en Arequipa, 1827–1850","authors":"Víctor Condori","doi":"10.7767/jbla-2016-0109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7767/jbla-2016-0109","url":null,"abstract":"– This research seeks first, to explain the effects generated by Independence in Arequipa and the magnitude of the economic crisis in the region during the early years of republican life; years also characterized by the arrival of a large group of European traders in the city, including some Germans from the Hanseatic cities of Hamburg and Bremen. Second, to learn more about German migration to Arequipa in the first half of the nineteenth century, through the activities of one of its most prominent members, bremense Christopher William","PeriodicalId":52370,"journal":{"name":"Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina","volume":"15 1","pages":"143 - 184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91003165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dibujando la nación desdibujando al enemigo. Imágenes de movilización bélica en la prensa de guerra paraguaya, 1867–1868","authors":"M. Johansson","doi":"10.7767/jbla-2016-0111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7767/jbla-2016-0111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52370,"journal":{"name":"Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina","volume":"67 1","pages":"211 - 226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91368866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}