Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina最新文献

Gender, Health, and Medicine in Latin America - Introduction 拉丁美洲的性别、健康和医学——导言

Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.15460/jbla.59.323

Jadwiga E. Pieper Mooney, B. Potthast

引用次数: 0

Working Mothers and "Machos Completos" - Gendered Modernity in Fertility Surveys in Colombia (1960s to 1970s) 职业母亲与“完全男子汉”——哥伦比亚生育调查中的性别现代性(1960 - 1970年代)

Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.15460/jbla.59.262

T. Huhle

{"title":"Working Mothers and \"Machos Completos\" - Gendered Modernity in Fertility Surveys in Colombia (1960s to 1970s)","authors":"T. Huhle","doi":"10.15460/jbla.59.262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15460/jbla.59.262","url":null,"abstract":"In 1960s and 1970s Colombia, physicians warned about demographic growth – or the “population explosion” – and addressed Colombian women and men as subjects who should come to understand the need to limit the size of their family. So-called fertility surveys were the key to understand existing attitudes with regard to the question. Furthermore, the doctors believed that the dissemination of their results would convince policy makers of the need to create family planning programs. Looking beyond this strategic moment, this article analyzes the gendered assumptions on women, men, sexuality and partnerships that informed the surveys and their results. In doing so, it places this medical-demographic knowledge production in the broader context of development and modernization debates in Colombia. Physicians became allies of feminist demands for women’s access to education and the job market, opened the discussion for sexual education, and joined ranks with the broad coalition that advocated for responsible parenthood. At the same time, the “médicos-demógrafos” planned the distribution of contraceptive methods without much regard for women’s health. In highlighting these tensions, the article contributes to the complex history of gender, medicine and health in the Americas.","PeriodicalId":52370,"journal":{"name":"Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89149118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Derecho a la salud y cuidados en el acceso a medicamentos antirretrovirales: el reclamo de las mujeres según archivos del Estado argentino durante la crisis del año 2002 获得抗逆转录病毒药物的健康权和护理权:根据阿根廷国家档案馆2002年危机期间妇女的要求

Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.15460/jbla.59.257

M. Colautti

{"title":"Derecho a la salud y cuidados en el acceso a medicamentos antirretrovirales: el reclamo de las mujeres según archivos del Estado argentino durante la crisis del año 2002","authors":"M. Colautti","doi":"10.15460/jbla.59.257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15460/jbla.59.257","url":null,"abstract":"En situaciones donde el derecho a la salud corre riesgo de ser vulnerado, las mujeres generan estrategias de cuidado. El abordaje teórico se centra en las políticas públicas con enfoque de derechos, específicamente derecho a la salud en coyunturas de crisis y el rol de las mujeres en el reclamo al Estado para acceder a medicamentos antirretrovirales (ARV). Este trabajo se propone documentar avances y desafíos con relación al ejercicio del derecho a la salud por parte de una población especialmente vulnerable y develar el empoderamiento por parte de las mujeres en un contexto histórico. Entonces, según los archivos del Estado durante la crisis del año 2002, el interrogante es: ¿qué características tuvo el reclamo por el acceso a ARV por parte de las mujeres más allá de su condición serológica? El objetivo es describir el reclamo de las mujeres por el acceso a medicamentos ARV según archivos del Estado argentino en el marco de la crisis del año 2002. Como fuente de información se utilizaron expedientes de compra de ARV por parte del Ministerio de Salud de la Nación y entrevistas semiestructuradas a informantes clave. Las categorías fueron: reclamo de la sociedad civil por el derecho a la salud, visibilidad en los medios de comunicación y modalidad de comunicación con representantes del Estado. La caracterización realizada se ajusta a las fuentes de información utilizadas y eso se reconoce como una limitante del trabajo, no obstante, se pone de relieve el valor de archivo que logra mostrar las intervenciones que realizaron las mujeres como estrategia de autocuidado o en su rol de cuidadoras para acceder a medicamentos. Se observan características de vulnerabilidad programática. Las mujeres muestran gran poder de lucha y empoderamiento, ganando las calles para ampliar derechos sobre el cuidado de sus cuerpos, persiguiendo una mirada integral de la salud.","PeriodicalId":52370,"journal":{"name":"Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74893837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Confronting Bolivia's "Lack of Demographic Capacity": Protonatalism in Post-Revolutionary Bolivia, 1950s-1970s 面对玻利维亚的“人口能力不足”:革命后玻利维亚的原民族主义，1950 -1970

Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.15460/jbla.59.260

Nicole L. Pacino

{"title":"Confronting Bolivia's \"Lack of Demographic Capacity\": Protonatalism in Post-Revolutionary Bolivia, 1950s-1970s","authors":"Nicole L. Pacino","doi":"10.15460/jbla.59.260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15460/jbla.59.260","url":null,"abstract":"After coming to power in April 1952, the Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario (MNR) looked to address Bolivia’s economic problems, in part, through initiatives encouraging population growth. A 1953 report highlighted underpopulation as a cause of Bolivia’s limited economic potential. The solution to Bolivia’s “lack of demographic capacity” was public health measures that would lower morbidity and mortality rates and encourage reproduction to boost the country’s human capital. This article analyzes prevalent pronatalist tendencies in the MNR government, including positive eugenics and criticism of birth control, to demonstrate the centrality of population growth to the MNR’s political and economic agenda. At a time when other Latin American countries began implementing population control measures as a pathway to economic growth and political stability, as recommended by the United States and international organizations, Bolivia diverged from global discourses about overpopulation and embraced pronatalism. While the MNR welcomed some global development ideologies associated with modernization, they rejected population control and reframed population debates towards population growth and demographic reorganization. They married pronatalism with a modernizing agenda and revolutionary nationalism, demonstrating that MNR policies were fundamentally conservative on matters of reproduction and gender roles.","PeriodicalId":52370,"journal":{"name":"Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81861829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

La paradoja arbitral: cuestiones de límites y "cultura de las pretensiones territoriales" en Hispanoamérica 仲裁悖论:拉丁美洲的边界问题与“领土主张文化”

Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.15460/jbla.59.261

Héctor Domínguez Benito

{"title":"La paradoja arbitral: cuestiones de límites y \"cultura de las pretensiones territoriales\" en Hispanoamérica","authors":"Héctor Domínguez Benito","doi":"10.15460/jbla.59.261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15460/jbla.59.261","url":null,"abstract":"El presente artículo explora los problemas vinculados al sometimiento a arbitraje de las cuestiones de límites entre países hispanoamericanos entre las últimas décadas del siglo XIX y las primeras décadas del siglo XX. A pesar de que el arbitraje había sido y sería una aspiración ampliamente respaldada por muchos de los juristas internacionalistas y diplomáticos de Hispanoamérica, no pocos actores inmersos en la disputa o resolución de este tipo de controversias en aquel momento terminaron dudando de la pertinencia de someter al juicio de terceros una cuestión que podría afectar no solamente a la integridad territorial y/o a la soberanía, sino también a construcciones abstractas muy características del momento como el “honor” o la “dignidad” nacionales. Este recelo guarda una relación directa con otro elemento relevante para este trabajo: la progresiva sacralización y popularización, a lo largo de este período, de la remisión a las demarcaciones de la Monarquía española, que pasaron de ser consideradas como un elemento constituyente y fundacional de carácter más o menos temporal tras las Independencias a constituir uno de los pilares esenciales de los discursos nacionalistas propios del fin de siglo.","PeriodicalId":52370,"journal":{"name":"Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75678361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Druckprojekte indigener Sprachen im Vizekönigreich Peru: Publizierbarkeit und unveröffentlichte Manuskripte 在秘鲁总督手下的土著语言印刷项目:未经出版的手稿和印版

Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.15460/jbla.59.271

Agnes Gehbald

{"title":"Druckprojekte indigener Sprachen im Vizekönigreich Peru: Publizierbarkeit und unveröffentlichte Manuskripte","authors":"Agnes Gehbald","doi":"10.15460/jbla.59.271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15460/jbla.59.271","url":null,"abstract":"Dieser Aufsatz untersucht unveröffentlichte Manuskripte und gescheiterte Druckprojekte in den Sprachen des früheren Inka-Reiches, welche anhand bibliographischer Entwicklungen während der Kolonialzeit kontextualisiert werden. Das Drucken in indigener Sprache war ursprünglich der Grund, 1584 eine Druckerpresse in Lima zu etablieren. Nach frühen religiösen und linguistischen Drucken im 16. und zu Beginn des 17. Jahrhundert aber nahm die Publikationstätigkeit in indigenen Sprachen stark ab. Erst zwischen 1810 und 1822 nahm die Zahl der bilingualen Drucke durch politische Flugblätter wieder zu. Neben Drucken auf Quechua und Aymara, sind nur einzelne in Mochica (Yunga) und Puquina bekannt, viele der linguistischen Beobachtungen zirkulierten dagegen in Manuskriptform. Als geopolitische Grundpfeiler der Kolonisation und der Evangelisierung galt die Verbreitung der kastilischen Sprache, welche die verschiedenen Vizekönigreiche sprachlich zusammenhalten sollte. Im 18. Jahrhundert fand ein weiterer Wandel hin zu einer monolingualen Sprachpolitik des Spanischen statt, insbesondere nach den Anden-Rebellionen. Das analysierte Fallbeispiel um das Publikationsvorhaben einer Quechua-Grammatik durch José Manuel Bermúdez 1793 zeigt, wie Diversifizierungsabsichten scheiterten. Die Erforschung von unveröffentlichten Manuskripten und solch gescheiterten Druckprojekten erweitert unser Wissen über die Druckkultur in der Vergangenheit.","PeriodicalId":52370,"journal":{"name":"Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina","volume":"2052 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91327537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Between Women: Female Health Workers and the Struggle to Transform Diets in Rural Mexico, 1920-1960 妇女之间:女性卫生工作者和改变墨西哥农村饮食的斗争，1920-1960

Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.15460/jbla.59.264

Sandra Aguilar Rodríguez

{"title":"Between Women: Female Health Workers and the Struggle to Transform Diets in Rural Mexico, 1920-1960","authors":"Sandra Aguilar Rodríguez","doi":"10.15460/jbla.59.264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15460/jbla.59.264","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores food and foodways in Mexico through the analysis of nutrition discourses and the experience of a visiting nurse in the state of Guanajuato in the middle of the twentieth century. After the Mexican revolution there was an increased interest in changing the diet of the poor. The idea behind nutrition discourses was that a better diet would improve the health and productivity of workers, and eventually boost their earnings. Understandings of good nutrition were influenced by eugenics and the discourse of mestizaje, which materialized in welfare programs. Women played a key role as they were responsible for implementing these programs as well as the main target of them. The experience of a visiting nurse reveals gender and social class dynamics as well as negotiations needed to implement state programs. It also shows the limited success of state policy as it was unable to address the main problems: lack of resources and access to basic services. Eventually peasant and working-class diet changed as a result of increased processed food consumption, having a negative impact on the health of most Mexicans.","PeriodicalId":52370,"journal":{"name":"Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75854747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond Contraceptives: Family Planning, Anti-abortionism, and Sexual Education in Paraguay, 1966-1977 超越避孕:1966-1977年巴拉圭的计划生育、反堕胎和性教育

Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.15460/jbla.59.259

B. Chesterton

引用次数: 0

Manifestaciones de violencia contra las mujeres, Argentina (1880-1910) 对妇女的暴力表现，阿根廷(1880-1910)

Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.15460/jbla.59.263

M. Lobato

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Disputando el poder de la fuerza con la ley: Los liberales en la temprana república peruana y la guerra civil de 1834 与法律争夺武力的权力:早期秘鲁共和国和1834年内战中的自由主义者

Jahrbuch fuer Geschichte Lateinamerikas/Anuario de Historia de Amrica Latina Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.15460/jbla.58.236

Natalia Sobrevilla Perea

引用次数: 0