Pain Reports最新文献

{"title":"Impact of chronic pain on the families of U.S. adults.","authors":"Jennifer S De La Rosa, Katherine E Herder, Rita D Romero, De'Sha S Wolf, Tally M Largent-Milnes, Mohab M Ibrahim, Stacy S Pigott, Greg T Chism, Beth E Meyerson, Julie G Pilitsis, Benjamin R Brady, Allison J Huff, Alicia M Allen, Maria Manriquez, Kristyn Piñeda, Kyle A Suhr, Taylor Young, Freya Spielberg, Todd W Vanderah","doi":"10.1097/PR9.0000000000001463","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PR9.0000000000001463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic pain (CP) can profoundly strain family systems, yet few population studies have explored prevalence and population dynamics of CP with high impact on families.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Examining prevalence and phenomenological characteristics of chronic pain with high impact on the families of U.S. adults. Situating HICP-family within a tiered cascade of functional impact.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prevalence estimated using 2023 National Health Interview Survey Data (n = 29,522).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings are as follows: (1) the population prevalence of CP with high impact on families (high-impact chronic pain [HICP]-Family) is 4.4% among U.S. adults, 18.1% among U.S. adults with CP, and 46.3% among U.S. adults with HICP; (2) HICP-Family is almost exclusively reported by those who have HICP that limits their individual functioning in life and work, yet most of those with HICP do not report concomitant HICP-Family; (3) among U.S. adults reporting both HICP and HICP-Family, the prevalence of clinically significant anxiety/depression symptoms is 46.1%; (4) among all U.S. adults with clinically significant anxiety/depression symptoms, the prevalence of HICP and concomitant HICP-Family is 14.9%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The need to develop effective supports and promote adaptive resilience in families highly affected by CP is clear. Clinical tools to support person-centered assessment of family and relational functioning, development of effective family-level interventions for U.S. adults, and collaborative models of care are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":52189,"journal":{"name":"Pain Reports","volume":"11 4","pages":"e1463"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13362943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148438643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription reduces nociceptive sensitization in a murine model of complex regional pain syndrome.","authors":"Wenwu Li, Dorien Feyaerts, Xiaoyou Shi, Tzuping Wei, Tian-Zhi Guo, Maximilian Sabayev, Brice Gaudilliere, Wade S Kingery, Jason R Wickman, Seena K Ajit, J David Clark","doi":"10.1097/PR9.0000000000001475","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PR9.0000000000001475","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a disabling condition relying in part on the production of pain-supporting autoantibodies. The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling system regulates the adaptive system of immunity and is targeted to control autoimmune diseases.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the hypothesis that JAK-STAT inhibition could reduce the behavioral, cellular, and biochemical correlates of CRPS in a well-characterized murine tibia fracture model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Tofacitinib was used to inhibit JAK-STAT activity. Mechanical sensitization and hindlimb unweighting were used to follow nociceptive changes. Assays of regional lymph node hypertrophy, germinal center formation, and autoantibody production probed activation of adaptive immunity while single cell mass cytometry (CyTOF) identified specific cell sets sensitive to tofacitinib in this model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tofacitinib reduced hindlimb allodynia and unweighting in male and female mice after tibial fracture. Subsequent experiments focused on male mice showed reduced autoantibody binding to keratin 16, histone 3.2, GFAP, and NMDAR2B in fracture animals treated with tofacitinib. The enhanced deposition of IgM in the skin of fracture limb hind paws was also eliminated by tofacitinib. Correspondingly, tofacitinib reduced lymph node hypertrophy and germinal center formation. Mass cytometry demonstrated that CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T lymphocytes in regional lymph nodes show tofacitinib-sensitive changes in the activation of key immune signaling systems after fracture including BCL6, IkB, pCREB, and pS6. Conversely, enhanced production of the innate immune mediators IL-1β and IL-6 were not suppressed by tofacitinib.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We conclude that tofacitinib reduces the regional nociceptive changes found in a murine model of CRPS possibly through inhibition of autoantibody production.</p>","PeriodicalId":52189,"journal":{"name":"Pain Reports","volume":"11 4","pages":"e1475"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13363125/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148438651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimenter-free pain assessment in mice using a thermal gradient ring and functional linear models.","authors":"Aketzali Garcia, Justin N Siemian, Gabriel Loewinger, Prerna M Yadav, Sarah Sarsfield, Francisco Pereira, Yeka Aponte","doi":"10.1097/PR9.0000000000001469","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PR9.0000000000001469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Traditional preclinical laboratory animal tests of pain can be suboptimal for many reasons, such as experimenter bias, interference of motor effects, and a lack of emotional or motivational pain process engagement. These shortcomings may also impede the search for novel pain therapies. Recently, thermal preference or gradient tests have gained popularity, and several apparatuses are either commercially available or can be self-made. The thermal gradient ring (TGR) offers a high-resolution thermal preference assessment and removes spatial confounds that may arise in two-chamber or linear designs.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the TGR as a tool to assess pharmacotherapies and develop an appropriate statistical framework for data analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined the effects of 17 treatment conditions, including pronociceptive and antinociceptive compounds, in male and female mice. Behavioral data were analyzed using functional linear models (FLM), enabling hypothesis testing of temperature preference and motor activity at each timepoint of the TGR session.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Functional linear models captured the temporal dynamics and magnitudes of treatment effects and identified locomotor side effects that were obscured by traditional session-averaged analyses. Minute-by-minute comparisons revealed distinct temporal progressions of treatment effects and locomotor side effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that the TGR-FLM combination is a robust framework and a valuable tool for screening novel pain therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":52189,"journal":{"name":"Pain Reports","volume":"11 4","pages":"e1469"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13363194/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148438874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensory comfort: an overlooked dimension in neuropathic pain trials and management.","authors":"Louis Tremblais, Anne-Lise Garel, Charles Quesada","doi":"10.1097/PR9.0000000000001471","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PR9.0000000000001471","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sensory comfort represents an underrecognized dimension in neuropathic pain requiring validated assessment and therapeutic strategies addressing somatosensory, psychological, and emotional components.</p>","PeriodicalId":52189,"journal":{"name":"Pain Reports","volume":"11 4","pages":"e1471"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13340719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of exercise on clinical pain: a systematic umbrella review and meta-meta-analysis.","authors":"Ben Singh, Aaron Miatke, Dot Dumuid, Rachel Curtis, Kimberley Szeto, Kylie Dankiw, Emily Eglitis, Jasmine Petersen, Mason Zhou, Catherine Simpson, Lisa Matricciani, Felicity Braithwaite, Tasha Stanton, Carol Maher","doi":"10.1097/PR9.0000000000001455","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PR9.0000000000001455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Exercise is recommended for managing pain, yet the consistency, magnitude, and certainty of effects across different pain conditions and exercises remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This umbrella review aimed to synthesize the best available evidence on the analgesic effects of exercise by examining systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eleven databases were systematically searched from inception to August 2024. Eligible studies included systematic reviews with meta-analyses of RCTs comparing exercise to control conditions, with pain as a primary or secondary outcome. Reviews without meta-analyses, those not involving RCTs, or those primarily focused on experimentally induced or laboratory pain were excluded. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed methodological quality using AMSTAR-2. Standardized mean differences in pain were synthesized using random-effects meta-meta-analysis. Certainty of evidence was evaluated using GRADE, with subgroup and sensitivity analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 157 systematic reviews comprising 2,736 RCTs and 221,279 participants were included. Exercise significantly reduced pain compared with controls (pooled standardized mean differences = -0.59; 95% CI, -0.65 to -0.53; <i>P</i> < 0.001). Effects were observed across both chronic and acute pain conditions, encompassing musculoskeletal, neurological, inflammatory, and cancer populations. Aerobic, resistance, yoga, Pilates, and tai chi were effective. Greater effects were observed in lower-intensity, shorter-duration (<12 weeks) programs. Sensitivity analyses supported the robustness of findings, and the overall GRADE certainty was moderate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This umbrella review provides compelling evidence that exercise offers consistent and clinically meaningful pain relief across diverse populations and conditions. Findings support the integration of even low-intensity, short-term exercise into routine pain management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":52189,"journal":{"name":"Pain Reports","volume":"11 4","pages":"e1455"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13340705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148406980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a core outcome set for clinical trials of extended reality for pain.","authors":"Giulia Mesaroli, Courtney W Hess, Fahad Alam, Nancy A Baker, Luana Colloca, Christopher Eccleston, Lauren Harris, Christopher King, Delane Linkiewich, Sofia Olaizola, Naveen Poonai, Nicole Pope, Brittany N Rosenbloom, Tasha R Stanton, Zina Trost, Sara E Williams, Laura E Simons, Deirdre Logan, Jennifer N Stinson","doi":"10.1097/PR9.0000000000001470","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PR9.0000000000001470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The number of clinical trials of extended reality (XR), including virtual and augmented reality, for pain has exponentially increased in the past 2 decades. To synthesize findings across studies and assess the effectiveness of XR interventions, a core outcome set (COS) is needed. Prior work identified 7 core outcome domains for XR trials in pain through a systematic review and consensus process.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to establish a finalized COS of outcome measures (adult and pediatric) for XR trials for pain (acute, recurrent, and chronic).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>First, potential outcome measures were identified for each core domain through literature reviews. Second, a Delphi study was conducted with experts who rated suitability of each measure. Third, an expert consensus conference (including clinicians, researchers, and people with lived experience) was held to review the measurement properties of each candidate measure and to vote on a final COS of measures for XR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 52 experts participated in the Delphi survey and 15 attended the consensus conference. Among participants, 8 (52%) specialised in pediatric populations, 5 (33%) in adult populations, and 2 (15%) across the lifespan. Within each outcome domain, 2 to 4 measures with the highest rated suitability were selected as candidates. Consensus was achieved on a final COS consisting of 10 measures for pediatric trials and 8 for adult trials.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is a promising and necessary step to advance the field of XR pain research and better understand the effectiveness of XR for pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":52189,"journal":{"name":"Pain Reports","volume":"11 4","pages":"e1470"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13340730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148407067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pain, function, and acute neuropathic pain up to one month after surgery: a registry-based analysis.","authors":"Ana Lilia Garduño-López, Philipp Baumbach, Victor Manuel Acosta-Nava, Frida Fernanda Verdugo-Velázquez, Gabriela Josefina Vidaña-Martínez, Eldeli Molina-Niño, Luis Felipe Cuellar-Gúzman, Belén Aurora García-Herrera, Dulce María Rascón-Martínez, Gabriela Islas-Lagunas, Juan de la Cruz Pineda-Pérez, J Jesús Cano-García, Mariana Calderon-Vidal, Jorge Jimenez-Tornero, Oscar López-Hernández, Elizabeth Villegas-Sotelo, Monica Dominguez-Cid, Maria Esther Flores-Villanueva, Winfried Meissner, Marcus Komann, Christin Arnold, Claudia Weinmann, Ulrike M Stamer, Ruth Zaslansky","doi":"10.1097/PR9.0000000000001456","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PR9.0000000000001456","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Knowledge of how patients experience pain and patterns of resolution beyond the first days after surgery is limited. Acute neuropathic pain (ANeuP) following surgery is rarely assessed.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to characterize pain intensity, pain-related functional impairment, ANeuP, and to describe patterns of resolution in a large cohort undergoing diverse surgical procedures up to 1 month postoperatively, the subacute period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was an observational, multicentre study. Outcomes were assessed on postoperative days (PODs) 1/7/30 using the PAIN OUT registry methodology. The primary endpoint was the change in pain-related interference between POD7 and POD30. Patient subgroups were identified using cluster analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A cohort of 1,153 patients (median age 49; 67% female) was enrolled. By POD30, pain-related functional interference decreased (<i>P</i> < 0.001, moderate-to-large effect). The cluster analysis identified 3 subgroups: Minimal-pain resolution (16% of the cohort), Slow-pain resolution (30.5%), and Fast-pain resolution (53.5%). By POD30, patients in the Slow- and Fast-pain resolution clusters had largely recovered, differing in recovery rate. Those in the Minimal-pain resolution cluster showed limited improvement from POD1. By POD30, these patients still experienced mild-moderate pain and interference, with 40% screening positive for ANeuP and 24% taking opioids. Risk factors included chronic preexisting pain and thoracic or orthopaedic surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although the majority of patients in the cohort largely recovered in terms of pain and interference by POD30, 16% belonged to the Minimal-pain resolution cluster. These patients may benefit from proactive identification and management by anaesthetists, surgeons, and practitioners in the community before surgery or in the early weeks after surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":52189,"journal":{"name":"Pain Reports","volume":"11 4","pages":"e1456"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13278233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148297290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voluntary wheel running decreases intraepidermal nerve fibers in healthy mice.","authors":"Stéphanie A Eid, John M Hayes, Andrew D Carter, William Lentz, Emily J Koubek, Eva L Feldman","doi":"10.1097/PR9.0000000000001454","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PR9.0000000000001454","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52189,"journal":{"name":"Pain Reports","volume":"11 4","pages":"e1454"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13278232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148297371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pirt promotes substance P release in cancer-induced bone pain.","authors":"Xueying Cheng, Zhonghua Zhang, Lan Zhou, Jingxiang Zeng, Chao Jiang, Shuo Cheng, Yuan Zhou, Guang Yu, Changming Wang","doi":"10.1097/PR9.0000000000001458","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PR9.0000000000001458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) is a major clinical challenge due to its intricate, poorly understood pathogenesis. Sensitized tumor-innervating nerves interacting with cancer cells drive CIBP, and substance P (SP) released by these nerves is a key mediator of pathological processes. However, the mechanisms regulating SP release in CIBP remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore Pirt's involvement in CIBP and its role in regulating SP release.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Molecular and behavioral experiments were performed using Pirt knockout (Pirt-KO) and wild-type (WT) mice in a CIBP model. Pain-related behaviors and SP were assessed, with Pirt expression and localization analyzed in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and spinal cord.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pirt-KO mice exhibited attenuated heat allodynia, mechanical allodynia, and spontaneous pain vs WT mice. Substance P level in tissues and SP release from DRG neurons was significantly reduced in Pirt-KO mice. All DRG SP-positive neurons expressed Pirt, and Pirt - green fluorescent protein (GFP) terminals projected to spinal lamina I/II, colocalizing with SP-positive terminals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pirt plays a crucial role in promoting SP release in CIBP, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms underlying CIBP and providing a potential therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":52189,"journal":{"name":"Pain Reports","volume":"11 4","pages":"e1458"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13278241/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148297364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suppression of visceral nociception by C-fiber transmission block using temporal interference sinusoidal stimulation.","authors":"Longtu Chen, Shaopeng Zhang, Eric Woon, Jia Liu, Jaehyeon Ryu, Hsin Chen, Guoan Zheng, Hui Fang, Bin Feng","doi":"10.1097/PR9.0000000000001452","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PR9.0000000000001452","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Managing chronic visceral pain is challenging due to the lack of selective targeting of C-fiber nociceptors. Prior work has shown that suprathreshold dorsal root ganglia (DRG) stimulation (10-100 Hz) suppresses hypersensitivity and blocks colorectal afferent transmission through activity-dependent conduction slowing.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the feasibility of temporal interference stimulation (TIS) for visceral pain management in mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Temporal interference stimulation was delivered using 2 kilohertz-range sinusoidal currents (2,000 and 2,020 Hz) to create a 20-Hz envelope stimulus at focal regions. We utilized: (1) GCaMP6s imaging to visualize neuronal activation in the L6 DRG; (2) Single-fiber recordings to assess axonal blockade; (3) Visceromotor response (VMR) measurements to evaluate pain suppression, and (4) Immune profiling to monitor post-stimulation responses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Temporal interference stimulation provided spatially adjustable activation of DRG neurons by shifting the focal interference zone. Low-frequency sinusoidal stimulation selectively blocked conduction in C-fibers and Aδ-fibers while sparing fast-conducting A-fibers. Notably, TIS reversibly suppressed VMR in both healthy and visceral hypersensitive mice. Furthermore, no immediate immune responses were detected in the DRG after treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Temporal interference stimulation on lumbosacral DRG offers a selective, spatially tunable method to block nociceptive transmission. These findings establish a robust foundation for developing TIS-based neuromodulation paradigms as a translational approach for improved chronic visceral pain management.</p>","PeriodicalId":52189,"journal":{"name":"Pain Reports","volume":"11 4","pages":"e1452"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13268456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148266934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}