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Current Opinion in Physiology最新文献

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Advances and recent insights into the gating mechanisms of the mechanically activated ion channels PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 机械活化离子通道PIEZO1和PIEZO2的门控机制的进展和最新见解
IF 2.5
Current Opinion in Physiology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100625
Clement Verkest, Stefan G Lechner
{"title":"Advances and recent insights into the gating mechanisms of the mechanically activated ion channels PIEZO1 and PIEZO2","authors":"Clement Verkest,&nbsp;Stefan G Lechner","doi":"10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100625","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 are mechanically gated ion channels that confer mechanosensitivity to a variety of cell types and are thus essential for numerous </span>physiological processes<span>, including touch, pain, blood-pressure regulation, cell migration, or immune function. Recently published cryo-electron microscopy structures of PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 have enabled the structure-guided examination of PIEZO channel function, which has significantly improved our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the mechanogating of PIEZOs. Here, we summarize evidence suggesting that forces acting in and on cells are transmitted to PIEZOs via both membrane tension (force-from-lipids) and by cytoskeletal strain (force-from-filament) and propose that the two force-transmission pathways act in parallel or synergistically to activate PIEZOs. Moreover, we discuss the role of different protein domains in the detection of mechanical forces from different origins and propose that PIEZOs are polymodal mechanosensors that detect different types of mechanical stimuli via different intramolecular force-coupling mechanisms.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":52156,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Physiology","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100625"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49773930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Feeling the tension: the bacterial mechanosensitive channel of large conductance as a model system and drug target 感受张力:以大电导的细菌机械敏感通道为模型系统和药物靶点
IF 2.5
Current Opinion in Physiology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100627
Junmei Wang , Paul Blount
{"title":"Feeling the tension: the bacterial mechanosensitive channel of large conductance as a model system and drug target","authors":"Junmei Wang ,&nbsp;Paul Blount","doi":"10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The drug-resistance crisis has become dire and new antibiotic targets and strategies are required. Mechanosensitive channel of large conductance (MscL) is a conserved bacterial mechanosensitive channel that plays the role of ‘osmotic-emergency-release-valve. It has the largest-gated pore known allowing osmoprotectants out, and other compounds into the cell. Inappropriate gating of the channel can lead to slow growth, decreased viability, and an increase in potency for many antibiotics. The ‘membrane permeability’ observed for some antibiotics, including streptomycin, is mediated by directly binding to and activating MscL. Novel compounds that are MscL agonists have also recently been isolated. Although the compounds are diverse, the binding sites of all characterized MscL-specific agonists are within the same general region of the MscL complex, leading to an <em>in silico</em> screening for compounds that bind this region. In sum, these studies demonstrate that MscL is a viable drug target that may lead to a new generation of antibiotics and adjuvants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52156,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Physiology","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100627"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49861715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Exercise-induced intertissue communication: adipose tissue and the heart 运动诱导的组织间通讯:脂肪组织和心脏
IF 2.5
Current Opinion in Physiology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100626
Jade A Blackwell , Kristin I Stanford
{"title":"Exercise-induced intertissue communication: adipose tissue and the heart","authors":"Jade A Blackwell ,&nbsp;Kristin I Stanford","doi":"10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exercise leads to numerous beneficial whole-body effects and can protect against the development of obesity, cardiometabolic, and neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of inter-tissue crosstalk with a focus on secretory factors that mediate communication among organs, including adipose tissue and the heart. Studies investigating the effects of exercise on brown adipose tissue (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT) demonstrated that adipokines are released in response to exercise and act on the heart to decrease inflammation, alter gene expression, increase angiogenesis, and improve cardiac function. This review discusses the exercise-induced adaptations to BAT and WAT and how these adaptations affect heart health and function, while highlighting the importance of tissue crosstalk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52156,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Physiology","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100626"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9802643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9758512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Exercise and cardiac fibrosis 运动与心脏纤维化
IF 2.5
Current Opinion in Physiology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100630
Kang Wang , Yawen Deng , Han Xiao
{"title":"Exercise and cardiac fibrosis","authors":"Kang Wang ,&nbsp;Yawen Deng ,&nbsp;Han Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Cardiac fibrosis is an important pathological process leading to heart failure, characterized by the deposition of extracellular matrix proteins in the myocardial interstitium disrupting the normal structure and function of the myocardium. In this review, we summarized the underlying mechanisms by which exercise can exert cardioprotective effects by inhibiting cardiac fibrosis. In general, this review discussed that exercise promotes the secretion of cardioprotective exerkines, inhibits systemic activation of the renin–angiotensin system axis and sympathetic overactivation, attenuates </span>oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, and regulates metabolism and noncoding </span>RNA. In conclusion, our review may provide a current understanding of the mechanisms by which exercise acts as an important nonpharmacological strategy to intervene in cardiac fibrosis for cardioprotection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52156,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Physiology","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100630"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49773927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exercise counteracts vascular aging in long-term spaceflight: challenges and perspective 长期太空飞行中运动对抗血管老化:挑战与展望
IF 2.5
Current Opinion in Physiology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100628
Tian Gao , Jing Huang , Xing Zhang , Feng Gao
{"title":"Exercise counteracts vascular aging in long-term spaceflight: challenges and perspective","authors":"Tian Gao ,&nbsp;Jing Huang ,&nbsp;Xing Zhang ,&nbsp;Feng Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Vascular aging, characterized by vascular wall thickening, collagen deposition, arterial stiffening, and endothelial dysfunction, is not necessarily determined chronologically, but can increase faster due to </span>physical inactivity<span><span> and other health risk factors. Astronauts exposed to microgravity<span><span> and radiation during spaceflight undergo physiological changes associated with decrements in metabolic regulation, </span>insulin signaling, endothelial </span></span>homeostasis<span>, and redox balance, which may foster aging features in the vasculature. Exercise has been proved an effective approach to mitigate microgravity-induced aging changes and thus protect vascular health. We here briefly review the mechanisms contributing to vascular aging changes in microgravity and exercise-afforded vasoprotection. Deep planetary exploration and longer space travel would impose unknown health risks, therefore, better understanding of exercise-induced health effects from an integrative perspective will help develop more efficient and effective exercise countermeasures.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":52156,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Physiology","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49861717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Physiological functions of mitophagy 线粒体自噬的生理功能
IF 2.5
Current Opinion in Physiology Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100612
Milos Stanojlovic , Aniketh Bishnu , Francois Singh , Ian G Ganley
{"title":"Physiological functions of mitophagy","authors":"Milos Stanojlovic ,&nbsp;Aniketh Bishnu ,&nbsp;Francois Singh ,&nbsp;Ian G Ganley","doi":"10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mitochondria are vitally important organelles within our cells. In addition to being the key energy provider, they perform numerous other essential roles ranging from calcium homeostasis to iron metabolism. Therefore, these mitochondrial functions are dependent on the quality and number of mitochondria, which needs to be dynamic in response to a cell’s changing needs. Mitochondrial numbers themselves are controlled by mitochondrial biogenesis and turnover. Multiple pathways exist that result in the turnover of mitochondria, but the focus of this review will be on mitophagy (the autophagy of mitochondria). Here, we will touch on the basic mechanisms of mitophagy and how this has been translated from cell-based studies to complex mammalian systems. We will then examine the tasks that mitophagy serves in vivo. While mitochondrial quality control is a critical function of mitophagy, we will also discuss the recent roles that mitophagy plays in metabolic remodeling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52156,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Physiology","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100612"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468867322001304/pdfft?md5=35046883309369ec7c0e3a0b3a5929bb&pid=1-s2.0-S2468867322001304-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76421789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Chaperone-mediated autophagy: mechanisms and physiological relevance 伴侣介导的自噬:机制和生理相关性
IF 2.5
Current Opinion in Physiology Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100597
Maryam Jafari , Mericka McCabe , Ana M Cuervo
{"title":"Chaperone-mediated autophagy: mechanisms and physiological relevance","authors":"Maryam Jafari ,&nbsp;Mericka McCabe ,&nbsp;Ana M Cuervo","doi":"10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>A fraction of the cellular proteome can be selectively targeted to </span>lysosomes for degradation within this organelle by a process known as chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). A dedicated network of genes and their protein products contribute to CMA execution and regulation. Here, we describe the most recent advances on the molecular dissection of CMA and on the understanding of the lysosomal and cellular components that contribute to its regulation, both under physiological conditions and in response to different stressors. The recent development of experimental mouse models to track, upregulate, or downregulate CMA </span><em>in vivo</em> has helped identify that, besides the role of CMA in cellular protein quality control, this type of autophagy also contributes to timely remodeling of the cellular functional proteome to modulate a variety of cellular processes. We review some of the novel regulatory roles of CMA and the consequences of CMA failure on physiology and cellular functioning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52156,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Physiology","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100597"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90606506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Role of autophagy in male and female fertility 自噬在男性和女性生育中的作用
IF 2.5
Current Opinion in Physiology Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100611
Chao Liu , Bingbing Wu , Wenwen Liu , Wei Li
{"title":"Role of autophagy in male and female fertility","authors":"Chao Liu ,&nbsp;Bingbing Wu ,&nbsp;Wenwen Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100611","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100611","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Autophagy is an important cellular homoeostatic process that transports cytoplasmic constituents to lysosomes<span> and participates in various physiological processes. Recent findings have revealed novel functional roles of autophagy in the reproductive process, and dysfunctional autophagy has been reported to be associated with male and female infertility. In this review, we summarise the recent progress regarding autophagy in fertility and discuss important concerns in this field.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":52156,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Physiology","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100611"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89819879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recent insights concerning autophagy and endothelial cell nitric oxide generation 关于自噬和内皮细胞一氧化氮生成的最新见解
IF 2.5
Current Opinion in Physiology Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100614
Seul-Ki Park , Jae Min Cho , Sohom Mookherjee , Paulo W. Pires , John David Symons
{"title":"Recent insights concerning autophagy and endothelial cell nitric oxide generation","authors":"Seul-Ki Park ,&nbsp;Jae Min Cho ,&nbsp;Sohom Mookherjee ,&nbsp;Paulo W. Pires ,&nbsp;John David Symons","doi":"10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction contributes to the etiology of more diseases than any other tissue in the body, EC metabolism is an understudied therapeutic target. Evidence regarding the important role of autophagy in maintaining EC homeostasis<span> is accumulating rapidly. Here, we focus on advances over the past two years regarding how EC autophagy mediates EC nitric oxide generation in the context of aging and cardiovascular complications, including coronary artery disease, aneurysm, and stroke. In addition, insight concerning the efficacy of maneuvers designed to boost EC autophagy in an effort to combat cardiovascular complications associated with repressed EC autophagy is discussed.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":52156,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Physiology","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100614"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78777407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Role of autophagy in liver diseases 自噬在肝脏疾病中的作用
IF 2.5
Current Opinion in Physiology Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100594
Hideaki Morishita , Masaaki Komatsu
{"title":"Role of autophagy in liver diseases","authors":"Hideaki Morishita ,&nbsp;Masaaki Komatsu","doi":"10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100594","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cophys.2022.100594","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Since the initial discovery of autophagy in rat liver over 60 years ago, studies on hepatic autophagy have provided insight into the mechanisms and physiological functions of autophagy. These findings include the essential role of starvation-induced autophagy in supplying nutrients such as amino acids, glucose, and </span>free fatty acids<span> for energy production and the synthesis of macromolecules. Furthermore, it has been established that autophagy selectively degrades intracellular components such as p62/SQSTM1- and ubiquitin-containing droplets, as well as damaged organelles for intracellular quality control in hepatic cells. Dysfunction of hepatic autophagy can lead to several liver diseases, including hepatic tumors. In this review, we describe the physiological role of hepatic autophagy and its pathophysiological significance in several chronic liver disorders.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":52156,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Physiology","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100594"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74766775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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