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Emerging role of exosomal-microRNA in obesity 外泌体微rna在肥胖中的新作用
IF 2.5
Current Opinion in Physiology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100827
Achala Theres P Moncy , Samarjit Das , Hannah R Vasanthi
{"title":"Emerging role of exosomal-microRNA in obesity","authors":"Achala Theres P Moncy ,&nbsp;Samarjit Das ,&nbsp;Hannah R Vasanthi","doi":"10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles released by every living cell in the human body and can be found in the circulation of almost every biological fluids. They majorly serve as a communication channel between cells. Exosomal-microRNAs (miRNAs) are gaining wide attention in several pathophysiological conditions, and are considered as early diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Recently, exosomal-miRNAs have been identified as key players during obesity and co-existing risk elements, unraveling their pivotal role in the progression of obesity-induced pathophysiological conditions. In this review, the latest developments in the role of exosomal cargo, specifically miRNAs, in obesity are highlighted. Additionally, we discuss their potential significance as early biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for diagnosing and managing obesity and related diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52156,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Physiology","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100827"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dual-specificity phosphatases: an update on their activity regulation and roles in metabolic diseases 双特异性磷酸酶：其活性调控及其在代谢性疾病中的作用的最新进展
IF 2.5
Current Opinion in Physiology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100816
Caroline De Roo, Erin McLean, Ruijie Liu
{"title":"Dual-specificity phosphatases: an update on their activity regulation and roles in metabolic diseases","authors":"Caroline De Roo,&nbsp;Erin McLean,&nbsp;Ruijie Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reversible protein phosphorylation is catalyzed by both protein kinases and phosphatases, affecting cellular signal transduction in physiological and pathological processes. In contrast to protein kinases, the substrates and <em>in vivo</em> function of approximately 200 phosphatases are less characterized. The big family of protein phosphatases consists of serine/threonine phosphatases, tyrosine phosphatases, and dual-specificity phosphatases (DUSPs), which dephosphorylate both serine/threonine, and tyrosine residues within the target proteins. Over the last two decades, progress in the study of DUSPs allows for not only a better understanding of their activation and signaling termination but also the effect of their abnormal expression in the development of various diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The focus of this minireview is to discuss current understanding of transcriptional and post-translational regulation of DUSPs, as well as their emerging roles in energy metabolism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52156,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Physiology","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100816"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Role of extracellular vesicle–mediated neurodegeneration in substance use disorders 细胞外囊泡介导的神经变性在物质使用障碍中的作用
IF 2.5
Current Opinion in Physiology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100826
Mohit Kumar, Arnab Saha, Agasou Alfonso Rameau, Susmita Sil, Shilpa Buch
{"title":"Role of extracellular vesicle–mediated neurodegeneration in substance use disorders","authors":"Mohit Kumar,&nbsp;Arnab Saha,&nbsp;Agasou Alfonso Rameau,&nbsp;Susmita Sil,&nbsp;Shilpa Buch","doi":"10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Substance use disorders (SUDs) remain a complicated and widespread public health problem, characterized by obsessive drug and alcohol use, despite adverse consequences. Emerging research suggests that the extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a critical role in mediating drug addiction and several neurodegenerative processes associated with SUDs. EVs, which include exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies, are lipid-bilayered vesicles that facilitate intracellular communication throughout the host by shuttling bioactive molecules, such as proteins, lipids, DNA fragments, and RNA, including both coding and noncoding RNAs across recipient cells. The current review is a comprehensive analysis highlighting the potential role of EVs in the onset and progression of SUD, specifically in the context of cocaine, cannabis, methamphetamine, opiates, alcohol, and tobacco. The goal is to offer valuable insights into the underlying mechanism(s) involving EVs in the pathogenesis of SUD, ultimately paving the way for new therapeutic avenues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52156,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Physiology","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100826"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Role of lncRNAs in pathophysiology of obesity lncrna在肥胖病理生理中的作用
IF 2.5
Current Opinion in Physiology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100832
Vikram Krishnappa Shettigar, Venkata Naga Srikanth Garikipati
{"title":"Role of lncRNAs in pathophysiology of obesity","authors":"Vikram Krishnappa Shettigar,&nbsp;Venkata Naga Srikanth Garikipati","doi":"10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100832","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100832","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obesity is a growing problem worldwide, with its pathophysiology being keenly explored. Previously, the noncoding transcriptome was considered transcriptional noise with no functional relevance. However, emerging evidence suggests a critical role for noncoding RNAs, especially long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), in obesity. Several lncRNAs have been identified that facilitate the development of obesity (such as <em>LINK-A)</em> or resist obesity (such as lnc266). These findings emphasize the importance of the study of lncRNA, which could be the master regulators of disease progression and the key to the development of novel therapeutics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52156,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Physiology","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100832"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in skeletal and cardiac muscles 微rna和长链非编码rna对骨骼肌和心肌的影响
IF 2.5
Current Opinion in Physiology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100829
Gabriela P Diniz, Joanne Chan, John D Mably, Da-Zhi Wang
{"title":"Impact of microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in skeletal and cardiac muscles","authors":"Gabriela P Diniz,&nbsp;Joanne Chan,&nbsp;John D Mably,&nbsp;Da-Zhi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advances in technology have accelerated our ability to define the functions of noncoding RNA (ncRNA). Beyond their known roles in regulating molecular and cellular processes, new mechanisms and interacting partners for ncRNAs have been revealed. In this review, we focus on recent discoveries of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) in skeletal and cardiac muscles. In addition to sharing a sarcomeric organization and contractile function, both tissues also utilize similar mechanisms and genetic networks during myogenic differentiation, tissue repair, and regeneration and in disease progression. Thus, knowledge gained about the roles of these ncRNAs in cardiac and skeletal muscles may reveal shared mechanisms and functions relevant to both muscle types as well as to understanding their rules in other tissues. Ultimately, this information could be exploited to develop new diagnostic biomarkers and novel therapies for diseases affecting cardiac and skeletal muscle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52156,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Physiology","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100829"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Circadian rhythms in renal metabolism 肾代谢的昼夜节律
IF 2.5
Current Opinion in Physiology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100814
Yohan Bignon, Dmitri Firsov
{"title":"Circadian rhythms in renal metabolism","authors":"Yohan Bignon,&nbsp;Dmitri Firsov","doi":"10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100814","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The kidney has one of the highest resting metabolic rates among human tissues. Most of the produced ATP is used for solutes and water reabsorption along the renal tubule. However, circadian rhythmicity in the glomerular filtration rate results in substantial circadian variations in the amounts of solutes and water to be reabsorbed at a given circadian time. Moreover, circadian rhythmicity in the renal blood flow causes circadian oscillations in available oxygen and metabolic substrates in kidney tissue. Collectively, this suggests that processes involved in energy consumption and energy production in the kidney follow circadian rhythms that parallel those in tubular reabsorption. In this review, we summarize recent progress in the identification of rhythmic renal metabolic pathways that are entrained by the intrinsic tubular circadian clock.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52156,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Physiology","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100814"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143149274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Revolutionizing therapeutics: unleashing the power of extracellular vesicles for disease intervention 革命性的治疗方法：释放细胞外囊泡对疾病干预的力量
IF 2.5
Current Opinion in Physiology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100815
Sayam Ghosal , Bernadett R Bodnár , Brachyahu M Kestecher , Ákos Nagy , Tamás László , Bora Yilmaz , Yixuan Zeng , Adrienn Szabó , Csaba Bödör , Edit I Buzás , Xabier Osteikoetxea
{"title":"Revolutionizing therapeutics: unleashing the power of extracellular vesicles for disease intervention","authors":"Sayam Ghosal ,&nbsp;Bernadett R Bodnár ,&nbsp;Brachyahu M Kestecher ,&nbsp;Ákos Nagy ,&nbsp;Tamás László ,&nbsp;Bora Yilmaz ,&nbsp;Yixuan Zeng ,&nbsp;Adrienn Szabó ,&nbsp;Csaba Bödör ,&nbsp;Edit I Buzás ,&nbsp;Xabier Osteikoetxea","doi":"10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100815","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100815","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a significant tool in therapeutic applications, exhibiting low immunogenicity and the ability to traverse biological barriers. EV-based treatments show great potential in various diseases, including oncology, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular conditions. In cancer research, EVs play a role in tumor growth, spread, and resistance to chemotherapy, with modified EVs showing promise in improving drug delivery to challenging cancers such as glioblastoma. For neurodegeneration, EVs aid in protecting neurons and restoring motor function. Likewise, in cardiovascular diseases, EVs participate in tissue repair and heart protection. The effectiveness of EV-based vaccines, exemplified by a clinically approved meningococcal serogroup B MenB-4C vaccine, further underscores the therapeutic value of this approach. This review examines the progress in EV-based therapeutics and their future potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52156,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Physiology","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100815"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143149275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Extracellular vesicles released by Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp.: protozoan parasite–host interaction mechanism 克氏锥虫和利什曼原虫释放的细胞外囊泡：原生动物寄生虫-宿主相互作用机制
IF 2.5
Current Opinion in Physiology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2024.100792
Patricia Xander , Mariana O Gonçalves, Ana C Torrecilhas
{"title":"Extracellular vesicles released by Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp.: protozoan parasite–host interaction mechanism","authors":"Patricia Xander ,&nbsp;Mariana O Gonçalves,&nbsp;Ana C Torrecilhas","doi":"10.1016/j.cophys.2024.100792","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cophys.2024.100792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by the protozoa parasites <em>Trypanosoma cruzi</em> and <em>Leishmania</em> spp. and host communication have received increased attention and achieved greater significance in recent years. This review focuses on the operation and consequences of the communication channel, which provides important insights into a variety of infectious disease characteristics and host immune responses. We highlight the most important discoveries, explain the underlying mechanisms, and discuss the implications for basic science and potential treatments. These EVs play a critical role in the parasite's ability to spread infection and alter the host’s immune response. However, there are some gaps in the research in this field, particularly in functional biological features that could help us understand the conditions and mechanisms underlying protozoan EV release. Therefore, more research is needed, as understanding the mechanisms underlying pathogen–host interaction is critical to treating endemic parasitic diseases. Given that EVs are promising candidates for vaccination, diagnosis, and therapy, this could lay the groundwork for the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Furthermore, there is no vaccine available for Chagas disease, which is extremely difficult to treat and manage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52156,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Physiology","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100792"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143149305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sex-specific effects of environmental pollutants on pulmonary immune responses 环境污染物对肺部免疫反应的性别特异性影响
IF 2.5
Current Opinion in Physiology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100813
Sylvia S Sanchez, Fenna CM Sillé
{"title":"Sex-specific effects of environmental pollutants on pulmonary immune responses","authors":"Sylvia S Sanchez,&nbsp;Fenna CM Sillé","doi":"10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cophys.2025.100813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental pollutants can adversely impact various physiological processes, affecting systems such as the respiratory and immune systems. Immune responses are influenced by various factors, including age, hormonal status, genetic background, and, notably, sex, with effects extending to both innate and adaptive immunity. External factors, like environmental pollutants, can also disrupt innate and/or adaptive immunity and compromise pathogen recognition and memory against future infections. Furthermore, environmental pollutants can play a pivotal role in the development and exacerbation of many chronic respiratory diseases. It is becoming increasingly evident that environmental pollutants elicit sex-specific effects across different species. This review highlights recent findings on the intricate interplay between sex differences and immune-related effects induced by environmental pollutants, with a particular focus on the dysregulation of pulmonary immune responses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52156,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Physiology","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100813"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Editorial overview: Sex differences in personalized medicine and beyond 编辑综述：个性化医学及其他领域的性别差异
IF 2.5
Current Opinion in Physiology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2024.100777
Mark J Kohr, Susan E Howlett, Licy Yanes Cardozo
{"title":"Editorial overview: Sex differences in personalized medicine and beyond","authors":"Mark J Kohr,&nbsp;Susan E Howlett,&nbsp;Licy Yanes Cardozo","doi":"10.1016/j.cophys.2024.100777","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cophys.2024.100777","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52156,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Physiology","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100777"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142098079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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