Eye and vision (London, England)最新文献

{"title":"Three-year follow-up of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens with a central port design after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty.","authors":"Belén Alfonso-Bartolozzi,&nbsp;Carlos Lisa,&nbsp;Luis Fernández-Vega-Cueto,&nbsp;Begoña Baamonde,&nbsp;David Madrid-Costa,&nbsp;José F Alfonso","doi":"10.1186/s40662-022-00306-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-022-00306-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate clinical outcomes of the Visian implantable collamer lens (ICL) with a central port to correct myopia and astigmatism after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) for keratoconus throughout 3 years of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 20 eyes of 20 patients that underwent V4c ICL (13 eyes with a spherical ICL and 7 eyes with a toric ICL) implantation after DALK. Uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuities, refraction, intraocular pressure (IOP), endothelial cell density (ECD), and vault were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean UDVA improved from the preoperative 1.18 ± 0.33 logMAR to 0.25 ± 0.14 logMAR at 6 months after surgery (P < 0.0001) and remained unchanged throughout the whole follow-up (P = 0.4). All eyes gained lines of CDVA compared to preoperative values. At the last follow-up visit, all eyes achieved CDVA of 0.2 logMAR or better and 13 eyes (65%) 0.1 logMAR or better. At 6 months post-surgery, all eyes (100%) had a spherical equivalent within ± 1.50 D, and 19 (95%) within ± 1.00 D. The mean manifest spherical equivalent was stable over the postoperative follow-up (P = 0.25). No significant increase in IOP occurred in any case throughout the 3 years of follow-up. The loss in ECD from the preoperative baseline at the last follow-up visit was 2.27%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The clinical outcomes suggest that the V4c ICL implantation for correction of myopia and regular astigmatism in post-DALK eyes was satisfactory in terms of effectiveness, safety, and stability during 3 years of follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":520624,"journal":{"name":"Eye and vision (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9450313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40351983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TRIM46 aggravated high glucose-induced hyper permeability and inflammatory response in human retinal capillary endothelial cells by promoting IκBα ubiquitination.","authors":"Hangqi Shen,&nbsp;Qiaoyun Gong,&nbsp;Jingting Zhang,&nbsp;Haiyan Wang,&nbsp;Qinghua Qiu,&nbsp;Jingfa Zhang,&nbsp;Dawei Luo","doi":"10.1186/s40662-022-00305-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-022-00305-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) as a severe diabetic complication contributes to blindness. The increased permeability of retinal capillary endothelial cells (RCECs) as well as the production of inflammatory markers are closely related to DR occurrence. We recently revealed that TRIM46 promotes high glucose (HG)-caused ferroptosis in human RCECs (HRCECs). The current study aims to explore the molecular mechanism of how TRIM46 plays its role in DR progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Western blot was utilized to determine protein expression. The cell counting kit-8 assay was used to observe cell viability. The permeability of the cell layer was determined by measuring the transepithelial electrical resistance and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran leak. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to quantify the protein level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and co-immunoprecipitation was employed to verify the relationship between TRIM46 and IκBα.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HG dramatically upregulated TRIM46 protein expression in a dose-dependent way. Silencing TRIM46 effectively reversed HG-induced cell growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest, hyper permeability and pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion in HRCECs, while overexpression of TRIM46 exhibited an opposite effect. Furthermore, TRIM46 was able to interact with IκBα and promote the ubiquitination and degradation of IκBα. IκBα overexpression recovered the effects of TRIM46 overexpression in HRCECs. Furthermore, inhibiting the activation of NF-κB partially recovered HG-induced HRCEC injury, whereas TRIM46 overexpression reversed these effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that TRIM46 interacts with IκBα to activate the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby enhancing cell proliferation inhibition, hyper permeability and the inflammatory response of HRCECs in a HG state.</p>","PeriodicalId":520624,"journal":{"name":"Eye and vision (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9443035/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40351813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual acuity, near phoria and accommodation in myopic children using spectacle lenses with aspherical lenslets: results from a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Yingying Huang,&nbsp;Xue Li,&nbsp;Chu Wang,&nbsp;Fengchao Zhou,&nbsp;Adeline Yang,&nbsp;Hao Chen,&nbsp;Jinhua Bao","doi":"10.1186/s40662-022-00304-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-022-00304-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the short- and long-term effects of myopia control spectacle lenses with highly aspherical lenslets (HAL) and slightly aspherical lenslets (SAL) on visual function and visual quality using data obtained from a randomized controlled clinical trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective, randomized, controlled, and double-blinded study; 170 myopic children aged 8-13 years were randomly assigned to the HAL, SAL, or single-vision spectacle lenses (SVL) groups. Distance and near visual acuity (VA) at high (100%) and low (10%) contrast in photopic and scotopic conditions, near phoria, stereoacuity, and accommodative lag, microfluctuations (AMFs), amplitude (AA) were measured after wearing lenses for 10 min, 6 months, and 12 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 161 subjects completed all follow-up in 12 months and were included in the analysis. After 10 min of wearing, the HAL and SAL groups had lower scotopic and low-contrast VA than the SVL group (decreased 0.03-0.08 logMAR and 0.01-0.04 logMAR in different VAs in the HAL and SAL groups, respectively, all P < 0.05). The reduction in VA was recovered at 12 months as the HAL and SAL groups exhibited significant VA improvements, and the VA was not different among the three groups (all P > 0.05). The HAL and SAL groups had significantly larger AMFs than the SVL group (HAL vs. SAL vs. SVL: 0.21 ± 0.08 D vs. 0.16 ± 0.05 D vs. 0.15 ± 0.06 D at baseline, 0.19 ± 0.07 D vs. 0.17 ± 0.05 D vs. 0.13 ± 0.07 D at 12 months, all P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in accommodative lag, AA, or phoria between the groups (all P > 0.05). The HAL and SAL groups had reduced stereoacuity compared to the SVL group at baseline (70' vs. 60' vs. 50', P = 0.005), but no difference was observed at 12 months (70' vs. 70' vs. 70', P = 0.11).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HAL and SAL have no significant influence on accommodation and phoria except had larger AMF than SVL. Scotopic VA and low-contrast VA are reduced with short-term HAL and SAL use but recovered to be at same level with the SVL after 1 year of use. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR1800017683. Registered on 9 August 2018. http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=29789.</p>","PeriodicalId":520624,"journal":{"name":"Eye and vision (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9434851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40335427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The shift in sensory eye dominance from short-term monocular deprivation exhibits no dependence on test spatial frequency.","authors":"Yiya Chen,&nbsp;Yu Mao,&nbsp;Jiawei Zhou,&nbsp;Zhifen He,&nbsp;Robert F Hess","doi":"10.1186/s40662-022-00303-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-022-00303-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Studies have shown that short-term monocular deprivation induces a shift in sensory eye dominance in favor of the deprived eye. Yet, how short-term monocular deprivation modulates sensory eye dominance across spatial frequency is not clear. To address this issue, we conducted a study to investigate the dependence of short-term monocular deprivation effect on test spatial frequency.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten healthy young adults (age: 24.7 ± 1.7 years, four males) with normal vision participated. We deprived their dominant eye with a translucent patch for 2.5 h. The interocular contrast ratio (dominant eye/non-dominant eye, i.e., the balance point [BP]), which indicates the contribution that the two eyes make to binocular combination, was measured using a binocular orientation combination task. We assessed if BPs at 0.5, 4 or 6 cycles/degree (c/d) change as a result of monocular deprivation. Different test spatial frequency conditions were conducted on three separate days in a random fashion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We compared the BPs at 0.5, 4 and 6 c/d before and after monocular deprivation. The BPs were found to be significantly affected by deprivation, where sensory eye dominance shift to the deprived eye (F_{1.86, 16.76} = 33.09, P < 0.001). The changes of BP were consistent at 0.5, 4, and 6 c/d spatial frequencies (F_2,18 = 0.15, P = 0.57).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The sensory eye dominance plasticity induced by short-term deprivation is not dependent on test spatial frequency, suggesting it could provide a practical solution for amblyopic therapy that was concerned with the binocular outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":520624,"journal":{"name":"Eye and vision (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9434876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40335342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possible limits of calibrating reading charts with the Landolt ring: a microscopic study.","authors":"Wolfgang Radner,&nbsp;Michael Radner,&nbsp;Barbara Daxer,&nbsp;Armin Ettl","doi":"10.1186/s40662-022-00302-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-022-00302-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate microscopically whether the print quality and accuracy of sizing of Landolt ring near vision charts are adequate for the calibration of reading charts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Near vision charts with Landolt rings from Oculus GmbH (C-Test; Wetzlar, Germany), Precision Vision (Woodstock, IL) and the RADNER Charts were examined, as well as custom-made Landolt rings optimized for print quality. Microscopic investigations and measurements were performed by using a Huvitz HSZ 600 stereomicroscope (Nikon NIS Elements software) to evaluate the height of the Landolt rings, the thickness of the lines, and the width of the openings. The deviations from the mathematically correct values, which were calculated as given in the EN/ISO 8596 and by the International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO), were analyzed (calculated for a test distance of 40 cm).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All the near vision charts showed notable deficiencies in print quality and aberrations from the nominal values in the height, thickness of the lines, and width of the openings. The openings were too narrow, whereas the height and thickness of the lines were larger than the nominal values. Even the openings of Landolt rings optimized for print quality were not always within an acceptable 5% tolerance and need further improvement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reports inaccuracies in the heights, thicknesses of the lines, and widths of the openings of Landolt rings in all the near vision charts investigated. The extent of these inaccuracies excludes such near vision charts as reference tests for the calibration of reading charts. The x-height in relation to the visual angle still seems to be the most reliable method for standardizing the print sizes for reading charts.</p>","PeriodicalId":520624,"journal":{"name":"Eye and vision (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9377069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40612367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripapillary structural and microvascular alterations in early dysthyroid optic neuropathy.","authors":"Yufei Wu,&nbsp;Qiaoli Yang,&nbsp;Liujun Ding,&nbsp;Yunhai Tu,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Deng,&nbsp;Yan Yang,&nbsp;Meixiao Shen,&nbsp;Qinkang Lu,&nbsp;Fan Lu,&nbsp;Qi Chen","doi":"10.1186/s40662-022-00301-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-022-00301-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To explore the changes in blood supply and structure around the optic nerve head (ONH) in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) patients with suspected dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>TAO patients [19 with DON; 24 non-DON (NDON); 20 with equivocal DON (EDON)], and 34 control subjects were examined. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was used to obtain peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (p-RNFL) and vessel density parameters, including the ONH whole image vessel density (ONH-wiVD) and the radial peripapillary capillary vessel density (RPC-VD) in early DON.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although there were no differences in p-RNFL thickness among the groups, there were differences in the ONH-wiVD of each grid section and the RPC-VD in all areas (P < 0.01). Compared with healthy controls, the EDON eyes had significantly lower RPC-VDs in all aeras (P < 0.05).The peripapillary region was further divided into eight sectors, and the RPC-VD in the temporal upper, superior temporal, and temporal lower sectors in the EDON group were significantly lower than in the controls. The visual impairment was closely related to the loss of peripapillary capillary vessel density. Univariate correlation analysis showed that the ONH-wiVD and RPC-VD of the TAO groups were negatively correlated with the intraocular pressure (r = - 0.296, P = 0.006; r = - 0.258, P = 0.016 respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EDON patients had significantly lower ONH-wiVD and RPC-VD than control subjects, and the temporal and upper VDs were more likely to be affected in the early stage of TAO. The combined use of spectral domain optical coherence tomography and OCTA technologies offer a new method for early diagnosis of suspected DON patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":520624,"journal":{"name":"Eye and vision (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9361673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40691242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correcting magnification error in foveal avascular zone area measurements of optical coherence tomography angiography images with estimated axial length.","authors":"Deepaysh D C S Dutt,&nbsp;Seyhan Yazar,&nbsp;Jason Charng,&nbsp;David A Mackey,&nbsp;Fred K Chen,&nbsp;Danuta M Sampson","doi":"10.1186/s40662-022-00299-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-022-00299-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To generate and validate a method to estimate axial length estimated (AL_est) from spherical equivalent (SE) and corneal curvature [keratometry (K)], and to determine if this AL_est can replace actual axial length (AL_act) for correcting transverse magnification error in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images using the Littmann-Bennett formula.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 1301 participants of the Raine Study Gen2-20 year follow-up were divided into two datasets to generate (n = 650) and validate (n = 651) a relationship between AL, SE, and K. The developed formula was then applied to a separate dataset of 46 participants with AL, SE, and K measurements and OCTA images to estimate and compare the performance of AL_est against AL_act in correcting transverse magnification error in OCTA images when measuring the foveal avascular zone area (FAZA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The formula for AL_est yielded the equation: AL_est = 2.102K - 0.4125SE + 7.268, R² = 0.794. There was good agreement between AL_est and AL_act for both study cohorts. The mean difference [standard deviation (SD)] between FAZA corrected with AL_est and AL_act was 0.002 (0.015) mm² with the 95% limits of agreement (LoA) of - 0.027 to 0.031 mm². In comparison, mean difference (SD) between FAZA uncorrected and corrected with AL_act was - 0.005 (0.030) mm², with 95% LoA of - 0.064 to 0.054 mm².</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AL_act is more accurate than AL_est and hence should be used preferentially in magnification error correction in the clinical setting. FAZA corrected with AL_est is comparable to FAZA corrected with AL_act, while FAZA measurements using images corrected with AL_est have a greater accuracy than measurements on uncorrected images. Hence, in the absence of AL_act, clinicians should use AL_est to correct for magnification error as this provides for more accurate measurements of fundus parameters than uncorrected images.</p>","PeriodicalId":520624,"journal":{"name":"Eye and vision (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9341098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40572402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survival analysis of myopic regression after small incision lenticule extraction and femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis for low to moderate myopia.","authors":"Jihong Zhou,&nbsp;Wei Gu,&nbsp;Yan Gao,&nbsp;Wenjuan Wang,&nbsp;Fengju Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s40662-022-00300-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-022-00300-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To report the predictive factors of myopic regression in patients who had undergone small incision lenticular extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileuses (FS-LASIK) after 3-12 months of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective case series study recruited patients with a subjective sphere of - 1.00 to - 6.00 D myopia. SMILE was performed in 1629 eyes of 1629 patients with a subjective refraction spherical equivalent (SEQ) of - 4.57 ± 1.20 D and 1414 eyes of 1414 patients with a subjective SEQ of - 4.53 ± 1.26 D in FS-LASIK. Refractive outcomes were recorded at 1 day, 1 week, and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Predictors affecting myopic regression and other covariates were estimated with a Cox proportional hazard (Cox PH) model for the two surgical methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 12 months, no significant difference was evident in the efficacy (P = 0.934), predictability (P = 0.733), or stability (P = 0.66) between FS-LASIK and SMILE. The survival rates were 83.7% in the FS-LASIK group and 88.1% in the SMILE group. Multivariate analysis by the Cox PH model revealed a similar probability of postoperative myopic regression with SMILE or FS-LASIK (P = 0.630). Predictors of myopic regression included preoperative higher-order aberration root mean square with 3 mm pupil diameter (pre-HOA-RMS₃) (P = 0.004), anterior chamber depth (ACD) (P = 0.015), pre-subjective sphere (P = 0.016), corneal diameter (P = 0.016), optical zone (OZ) (P = 0.02), and predicted depth of ablation (DA) (P = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SMILE and FS-LASIK had a similar risk of myopic regression for low to moderate myopia. Pre-HOA-RMS₃, ACD, pre-subjective sphere, corneal diameter, OZ, and predicted DA were predictors of myopic regression.</p>","PeriodicalId":520624,"journal":{"name":"Eye and vision (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9341088/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40571815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoparticles for the treatment of glaucoma-associated neuroinflammation.","authors":"Lidawani Lambuk,&nbsp;Nurfatihah Azlyna Ahmad Suhaimi,&nbsp;Muhammad Zulfiqah Sadikan,&nbsp;Azliana Jusnida Ahmad Jafri,&nbsp;Suhana Ahmad,&nbsp;Nurul Alimah Abdul Nasir,&nbsp;Vuk Uskoković,&nbsp;Ramlah Kadir,&nbsp;Rohimah Mohamud","doi":"10.1186/s40662-022-00298-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-022-00298-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently, a considerable amount of literature has emerged around the theme of neuroinflammation linked to neurodegeneration. Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by visual impairment. Understanding the complex neuroinflammatory processes underlying retinal ganglion cell loss has the potential to improve conventional therapeutic approaches in glaucoma. Due to the presence of multiple barriers that a systemically administered drug has to cross to reach the intraocular space, ocular drug delivery has always been a challenge. Nowadays, studies are focused on improving the current therapies for glaucoma by utilizing nanoparticles as the modes of drug transport across the ocular anatomical and physiological barriers. This review offers some important insights on the therapeutic advancements made in this direction, focusing on the use of nanoparticles loaded with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective agents in the treatment of glaucoma. The prospect of these novel therapies is discussed in relation to the current therapies to alleviate inflammation in glaucoma, which are being reviewed as well, along with the detailed molecular and cellular mechanisms governing the onset and the progression of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":520624,"journal":{"name":"Eye and vision (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9250254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40464414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wide-field swept-source OCT angiography of the periarterial capillary-free zone before and after anti-VEGF therapy for branch retinal vein occlusion.","authors":"Wenyi Tang,&nbsp;Wei Liu,&nbsp;Jingli Guo,&nbsp;Lili Zhang,&nbsp;Gezhi Xu,&nbsp;Keyan Wang,&nbsp;Qing Chang","doi":"10.1186/s40662-022-00297-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40662-022-00297-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of the study was to investigate the changes in the periarterial capillary-free zone (paCFZ) after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) by wide-field swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) and assess their associations with clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective observational study of 54 treatment-naïve BRVO patients with macular edema, we reviewed the findings of 12 × 12 mm² SS-OCTA at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months after intravitreal ranibizumab injections. The paCFZ and major retinal artery areas were measured on SS-OCTA images. The paCFZ area to artery area (P/A) ratio was calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The paCFZ areas and P/A ratios of first- and second-order arteries were significantly greater in BRVO eyes than in contralateral eyes (all P < 0.01), but there were no differences in the first- and second-order artery areas (P = 0.20 and 0.25, respectively). The paCFZ areas and P/A ratios decreased significantly at 3, 6, and 12 months after anti-VEGF therapy (all P < 0.01). The baseline P/A ratio was significantly correlated with the baseline best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness, and their improvements at 3, 6, and 12 months (all P < 0.05). Baseline BCVA and P/A ratios of first- and second-order arteries were independently associated with the final BCVA in multivariate linear regression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Wide-field SS-OCTA shows that anti-VEGF therapy can lead to a significant improvement in the paCFZ parameters in BRVO. Smaller baseline P/A ratios on SS-OCTA tend to predict better visual outcomes at 12 months after anti-VEGF therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":520624,"journal":{"name":"Eye and vision (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9250258/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40565157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}