European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Survival and larynx function after upfront vs. salvage total laryngectomy: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Rami Saade, Caroline Jabbour, Elias Keyrouz, Jana Hassan, Bassel El Baba, Anita El Hajj, Hady Ghanem","doi":"10.1007/s00405-025-09647-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-025-09647-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Laryngeal cancer is a major malignancy in head and neck oncology, with total laryngectomy (TL) as a key intervention for advanced and recurrent disease. This systematic review and meta-analysis compare primary total laryngectomy (PTL) and salvage total laryngectomy (STL) in survival, functional outcomes, and complications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar was conducted up to January 18, 2025. Studies comparing PTL and STL were included based on predefined eligibility criteria. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers. Random-effects models were used to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs) and mean differences (MDs), with heterogeneity assessed via I² statistics. Sensitivity analyses ensured result robustness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirteen studies (2,704 patients: 913 STL, 1,791 PTL) met inclusion criteria. PTL showed significantly higher overall survival at 1 year (OR = 2.21; 95% CI: 1.38-3.55), 2 years (OR = 1.95; 95% CI: 1.40-2.71), and 3 years (OR = 1.64; 95% CI: 1.10-2.47). STL had higher risks of pharyngocutaneous fistula (OR = 2.78; 95% CI: 1.96-3.95) and reconstructive surgery (OR = 0.11; 95% CI: 0.02-0.75). PTL significantly reduced swallowing difficulty (OR = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.05-0.28) and hypopharyngeal stricture (OR = 0.14; 95% CI: 0.04-0.49). Speech functional outcomes showed no significant differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PTL improves survival and swallowing function with fewer complications, making it a preferred upfront treatment. STL remains essential for managing failures. Early identification of high-risk patients may improve clinical decision-making, optimizing survival and functional outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":520614,"journal":{"name":"European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of the type of onset of hearing loss in the hearing impairment after long time progression in menière's disease.","authors":"Paula Rodriguez-Rivas, Andres Soto-Varela, Olalla Vazquez-Cancela, Borja Boronat-Catala, Cristina Fernandez-Perez, Sofia Santos-Perez","doi":"10.1007/s00405-025-09629-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-025-09629-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hearing loss is a disabling element in Menière's disease. Being able to identify at the onset which patients are going to suffer greater hearing impairment is critical. Sometimes, Menière's disease can present as an episode of sudden hearing loss (SSNHL) without knowing its prognostic implications.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To identify whether patients with greater hearing impairment after 10 years of evolution (stage IV of Menière's disease) present a higher rate of sudden hearing loss at the onset of the disease compared to those with lower hearing loss (stages I-III).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two retrospective cohorts of patients with Menière's disease with 10 years of follow-up: patients with a PTA (pure tone average) at 10 years greater than 70 dB and with a PTA lower than 70 dB (STROBE guidelines). The PTAs at onset, with progression and the profile of hearing loss at onset (sudden/progressive) were compared. We also compared the profile of patients with SSNHL against those with gradual loss.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>71 patients were analyzed. 22.4% of patients presented sudden hearing loss. We have not found a greater incidence of SSNHL in the cohort of poor hearing prognosis. But patients with sudden hearing loss at onset had a higher risk of worse hearing loss after 10 years (46.67%) with a significative worse PTA after 10 years of progression, we did not find differences on PTAs at the onset.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The onset of Menière's disease as sudden hearing loss could be associated with a greater probability of presenting a worse PTA after progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":520614,"journal":{"name":"European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sinonasal intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (Masson's tumor): report of a new patient with review of literature.","authors":"Mousam Maiti, Mainak Dutta, Indranil Chakrabarti, Henna Ali, Sujaya Mazumder, Arundhati Mukherjee, Ajay Mallick","doi":"10.1007/s00405-025-09686-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-025-09686-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To provide the clinico-radiologic and histopathologic illustration of a unique case of sinonasal intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH; Masson's tumor).</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Case report and review of literature.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 29-year-old man presented with right-sided nasal obstruction and occasional blood-tinged mucopurulence for two years. Diagnostic naso-endoscopy revealed a fleshy polypoid mass occupying the right nasal cavity encroaching into the nasopharynx. The mass was tender and firm, and bled on touch. Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging done two months prior showed a large, heterogenous mass in the right nasal cavity, partly involving the maxillary sinus, and extending into the nasopharynx. The findings were corroborated in a recent contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan that revealed mild contrast uptake and bone remodeling due to expansile nature of the mass without any erosion. An infected antrochoanal polyp, vascular tumor, and neoplastic lesions (including inverted papilloma) were considered as differentials. A subsequent punch biopsy revealed histologic pictures suggestive of IPEH. The mass was excised completely through endonasal endoscopic approach, and it was found to originate from the right inferior turbinate. The final histopathology confirmed the biopsy findings. Troublesome bleeding was encountered both during the biopsy and endoscopic excision of the mass. The patient is symptom-free with no recurrence at one-year follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sinonasal IPEH (Masson's tumor) is an extremely rare entity; only 14 patients have been reported in the last four decades as evident from the PubMed/MEDLINE search. The present report adds to the existing literature, summarizes the clinico-radiologic and histopathologic perspectives, highlights the surgical challenges, and underlines the importance of having a low threshold of suspicion for considering this entity as a differential in a bleeding sinonasal mass.</p>","PeriodicalId":520614,"journal":{"name":"European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of extended dupilumab dosing intervals Q2W (biweekly) versus Q4W (monthly) in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis: a real-world study from Saudi Arabia : Extended dupilumab dosing in CRSwNP.","authors":"Abdullah S Alghamdi, Faisal A Saati, Salma Alkhammash, Adeeb A Bulkhi, Sumaiya H Muathen, Omar A Abu Suliman","doi":"10.1007/s00405-025-09677-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-025-09677-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP), often Linked to asthma, significantly affects quality of life. While dupilumab 300 mg every two weeks (Q2W) is effective, it is costly. This real-world Saudi study evaluated whether extending dosing to every four weeks (Q4W) maintains effectiveness in patients with or without asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective single-cohort study, 42 adults with CRSwNP who completed at least one year of stable Q2W dupilumab therapy were transitioned to Q4W and followed for one additional year. Clinical, biomarker, and imaging outcomes were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Clinical outcomes between Q2W and Q4W were largely comparable. Eight CRSwNP patients had comorbid asthma (19%). Median nasal polyp scores remained stable, and symptom scores for nasal congestion, discharge, smell loss, and fatigue showed no significant changes. Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT)-22 and Lund-Mackay scores trended lower in the Q4W group compared to Q2W group but were not statistically significant. Blood eosinophils were modestly reduced, while asthma control remained stable, with high asthma control test scores. Total IgE levels (IU/mL) were significantly lower in the Q4W group (32.5 [10.1-76.4] vs. 52.7 [19.8-215], p<0.001), suggesting immunologic benefit. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels were unchanged. Overall, 92.9% maintained symptom control on Q4W for one year; three reverted to Q2W due to worsening of asthma control symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Transitioning from Q2W to Q4W dupilumab dosing is effective for most CRSwNP patients, including those with asthma, after one year of stable therapy. This approach may reduce treatment burden without compromising clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":520614,"journal":{"name":"European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comment on oral vs. nasal intubation and post-extubation laryngeal injury.","authors":"Nurullah Türe","doi":"10.1007/s00405-025-09671-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-025-09671-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520614,"journal":{"name":"European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-emotional intelligence in cochlear-implanted preadolescents and adolescents.","authors":"Antonella D'Amico, Maria Nicastri, Domenico Cuda, Letizia Guerzoni, Patrizia Mancini, Alessandro Geraci","doi":"10.1007/s00405-025-09626-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-025-09626-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigates differences in meta-emotional beliefs and meta-emotional intelligence between preadolescents and adolescents with cochlear implants (CIs) and their typically hearing (TH) peers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample included 86 participants aged 10-18 years, evenly divided between those with CIs and TH individuals. The IE-ACCME test, a multi-method tool, was used to assess meta-emotional intelligence. Statistical analyses were carried out to compare meta-emotional intelligence dimensions between CIs and TH groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings reveal that the CIs group had significantly higher overall meta-emotional belief scores, suggesting that individuals with CIs perceive emotions as playing a more significant role in their lives. Despite this, no significant differences were found in subscales related to emotion perception, comprehension, and management, indicating similar beliefs across both groups. However, the CIs group scored higher on the facilitation subscale, reflecting stronger beliefs about using emotions to enhance thinking. Additionally, the CIs group tended to overestimate their emotional abilities, both in everyday life and in emotional ability tests.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CIs group exhibited heightened meta-emotional beliefs and a tendency to overestimate their emotional abilities, reflecting a distinct meta-emotional intelligence profile linked to hearing loss and cochlear implantation. These findings suggest a distinct emotional profile for individuals with CIs, highlighting the need for targeted emotional and meta-emotional skills training.</p>","PeriodicalId":520614,"journal":{"name":"European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on \"relationships of childhood allergic rhinitis with tonsil and adenoid sizes\".","authors":"Amnuay Kleebayoon, Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.1007/s00405-025-09700-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-025-09700-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520614,"journal":{"name":"European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of research methodology generation by large language models in laryngology: a comparative analysis of ChatGPT-4.0 and Gemini 1.5 flash.","authors":"Nurullah Türe, Elif Umurhan, Emel Tahir","doi":"10.1007/s00405-025-09656-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-025-09656-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to compare the ability of two major language models, ChatGPT-4.0 and Gemini 1.5 Flash, to establish a research methodology based on scientific publications in laryngology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We screened 80 articles selected from five prestigious otolaryngology journals and included 60 articles with a methods section and statistical analysis. These were classified according to six research types: cell culture, animal experiments, prospective, retrospective, systematic review, and artificial intelligence. A total of 30 studies were analyzed, with five articles randomly selected from each group. For each article, both language models were asked to produce research methodologies, and the responses were evaluated by two independent raters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the models (p > 0.05). ChatGPT 4.0 had a higher mean score (5.17 ± 1.12), especially in the data collection and measurement-assessment category. The Gemini model showed relatively more balanced performance in the statistical analysis category. The weighted kappa values were between 0.54 and 0.71, indicating a moderate to high agreement between the raters. In the analysis by article type, Gemini's performance in Q1 showed significant variation (p = 0.038).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Large language models such as ChatGPT and Gemini provide similarly consistent results in establishing the methodology of scientific studies in laryngology. Both models can be considered supportive tools; however, expert supervision is needed, especially for complex constructs such as statistical analysis. This study makes original contributions to the usability of LLMs for study design in laryngology.</p>","PeriodicalId":520614,"journal":{"name":"European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of One-Year auditory rehabilitation outcomes by etiology in pediatric patients with bilateral severe hearing loss (70-90 dB): enlarged vestibular aqueduct vs. Other causes.","authors":"Seung Jae Lee, Junhyung Bae, Do Hyun Chung, Heonjeong Oh, Jin Hee Han, Yehree Kim, Byung Yoon Choi","doi":"10.1007/s00405-025-09649-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-025-09649-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to compare short-term language outcomes following hearing aid rehabilitation in pediatric patients with severe bilateral hearing loss (70-90 dB), with a particular focus on differences according to etiology. We hypothesized that children with enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) exhibit more favorable speech development compared to those with other genetic or structural causes of hearing loss, and explored the potential presence of a \"hidden\" air-bone gap associated with EVA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed 36 children under five years of age diagnosed with bilateral severe sensorineural hearing loss and ascertained before age two at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. Patients were classified into EVA (n = 16) and non-EVA (n = 20) groups based on radiologic and genetic data. All participants underwent one year of bilateral hearing aid rehabilitation. Speech and language outcomes were assessed using the Categories of Auditory Perception (CAP), Sequenced Language Scale for Infants (SELSI), and Receptive and Expressive Vocabulary Test (REVT), and were compared pre- and post-treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups showed improved CAP scores after one year. However, the EVA group exhibited significantly better expressive language percentile scores (mean 41.8 ± 30.9) compared to the non-EVA group, despite progressive threshold deterioration. Receptive language also improved more in the EVA group, although not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children with EVA may achieve superior short-term language outcomes with hearing aids, potentially due to a third window-related hidden air-bone gap. However, given the progressive nature of EVA, long-term follow-up is required to assess articulation development and determine optimal timing for cochlear implantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520614,"journal":{"name":"European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early experience with next-generation wireless technology for detecting cochlear implant electrode tip fold-over and placement without X-ray: nucleus SmartNav.","authors":"Chang-Hee Kim, Bong Jik Kim, Jung Kyu Lee, Byung Yoon Choi","doi":"10.1007/s00405-025-09667-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-025-09667-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the effectiveness of the SmartNav technology in detection of the well-known phenomenon of tip fold-over (TFO) during cochlear implantation (CI) using slim modiolar electrode (SME), comparing it to intraoperative X-ray imaging.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In 134 ears with normal anatomy that underwent CI using SME at a tertiary center, SmartNav results were compared to intraoperative X-ray findings, with X-ray used as the gold standard for verifying TFO.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SmartNav identified all 8 TFO cases (100% sensitivity, 99.21% specificity) confirmed by X-ray, including one with subtle distal kinking that X-ray could have missed. Additionally, SmartNav technology was effective in cases with cochlear nerve deficiency and performed reliably under local anesthesia and in revision surgeries.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SmartNav offers a highly sensitive and reliable method for detecting TFO during CI at least in normal cochlear anatomy, dramatically reducing the need for intraoperative X-ray, thereby decreasing anesthesia time and eliminating radiation exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":520614,"journal":{"name":"European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}