European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Validation of the Hebrew version of the \"Sniffin' Sticks\" olfactory test: a cross-sectional study in an Israeli cohort.","authors":"Idan Peled, Tom Fischer, Gilad Wasserman, Ella Hazan, Elinoy Herstain, Abraham Abergel, Narin Nard Carmel-Neiderman","doi":"10.1007/s00405-025-09627-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-025-09627-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Olfactory dysfunction (OD) significantly impacts quality of life, affecting emotional well-being, nutrition, and social interaction. In Israel, where Hebrew is the dominant language, a culturally and linguistically validated olfactory assessment tool is essential. The \"Sniffin' Sticks\" test is a widely used psychophysical method that evaluates olfactory performance using threshold, discrimination, and identification (TDI) scores. To date, no validated Hebrew version of the test exists.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A Hebrew version of the identification component (He-I) of the \"Sniffin' Sticks\" was developed using a standardized forward-backward translation process. Participants completed the full TDI test battery, the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), and subjective measures, including a visual analog scale (VAS) for olfactory impairment. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, and internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha (α).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 121 participants were included: 76 patients with olfactory dysfunction and 45 healthy controls. The He-I score showed strong correlations with both TDI (r = 0.93) and UPSIT (r = 0.86). ROC analysis yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.881, with 93.3% sensitivity and 70.6% specificity at a cut-off score of 10.5. Internal consistency was excellent (α = 0.86). VAS scores demonstrated moderate correlation with objective olfactory scores (r = - 0.62, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Hebrew version of the \"Sniffin' Sticks\" identification test is a valid, reliable, and culturally appropriate tool for evaluating olfactory function in Hebrew-speaking populations in Israel.</p>","PeriodicalId":520614,"journal":{"name":"European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145254367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence -assisted tinnitus support with ChatGPT-4.","authors":"Elvin Alaskarov, Aynur Aliyeva","doi":"10.1007/s00405-025-09719-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-025-09719-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the effectiveness of ChatGPT-4, an advanced AI language model, in delivering accurate, clear, and relevant information to patients managing tinnitus, especially in settings with limited healthcare access.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ChatGPT-4 was presented with ten common tinnitus-related Questions, guided by the 2014 American Academy of Otolaryngology guidelines. Ten ENT specialists rated its responses across multiple metrics using a 5-point Likert scale. Statistical analyses assessed accuracy, reliability, and overall response quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ChatGPT-4 demonstrated high accuracy (mean = 85.5%, SD = 5.77), relevance (mean = 90.13%, SD = 5.00), and clarity (mean = 83.93%, SD = 5.13) across responses. Response times were consistently efficient (mean = 84.2%, SD = 5.28). Sensitivity and specificity were estimated at 90% and 95%, respectively. Inter-rater reliability analysis yielded moderate to substantial agreement (Cohen's kappa = 0.65-0.78), and effect size analysis indicated a large impact.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ChatGPT-4 provides accurate, timely, and patient-friendly information for tinnitus care, supporting its potential as an adjunct to conventional patient education. This AI tool could bridge gaps in healthcare access, particularly in resource-limited settings, enhancing patient support through accessible and reliable guidance.</p>","PeriodicalId":520614,"journal":{"name":"European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145240729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oncologic parity in T2 laryngeal cancer: transoral laser surgery and open partial laryngectomy.","authors":"Jiamei Wen, Qingjia Luo, Zi Wang, Hai Zhang, Guohua Hu, Quan Zeng, Min Pan, Zhihai Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00405-025-09735-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-025-09735-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The optimal surgical treatment for T2 laryngeal cancer remains controversial, with both open partial laryngectomy (OPL) and transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) being widely used. This study aims to compare the oncological outcomes of OPL and TLM in patients with T2 laryngeal cancer and identify factors influencing prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 216 patients with T2 laryngeal cancer treated between 2012 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance covariates between groups. Oncological outcomes were evaluated using overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses identified independent risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 168 patients underwent OPL and 48 underwent TLM. After PSM, 53 OPL and 26 TLM patients were matched. Significant differences in smoking history, drinking history, and tumor characteristics were diminished post-PSM. No significant differences in OS, DSS, or LRFS were observed between OPL and TLM, both before and after PSM. Multivariate analysis identified age > 65 years, female gender, impaired vocal cord mobility, and low differentiation as significant predictors of OS. Additionally, age > 65 years was associated with DSS and LRFS. After PSM, age > 65 years and female gender remained significant predictors of OS. Drinking history was associated with DSS, and female gender was associated with LRFS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given TLM's functional advantages and similar oncological outcomes with OPL, it is recommended as the first-line treatment for T2 glottic and supraglottic carcinoma.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: 3: </strong></p>","PeriodicalId":520614,"journal":{"name":"European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145240812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to letter to the editor on: when details matter: clarifying study design and outcomes in facial nerve trauma research.","authors":"Alice Ottavi, Anna Cozzi, Alberto Maria Saibene, Anastasia Urbanelli","doi":"10.1007/s00405-025-09744-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-025-09744-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520614,"journal":{"name":"European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145240814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Examining swallowing parameters of the Yale Swallow Protocol in healthy individuals: Establishing Normative Data.","authors":"Angela Van Sickle, Ed M Bice, Abdul Awal, Debra Suiter","doi":"10.1007/s00405-025-09721-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-025-09721-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520614,"journal":{"name":"European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145240738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of preoperative risk factors with therapeutic outcomes in primary hyperparathyroidism: A multivariate analysis of imaging and PTH-Calcium-Phosphate metabolic parameters in 164 cases.","authors":"Nuan Li, Zishi Huang, Junwei Huang, Wei Guo, Xiaohong Chen, Qi Zhong, Jugao Fang, Yang Zhang, Zhigang Huang","doi":"10.1007/s00405-025-09715-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-025-09715-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to identify independent risk factors associated with pathological subtypes, disease progression, and adverse outcomes in Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) by analyzing clinical characteristics, thereby informing individualized therapeutic strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 164 PHPT patients treated at Beijing Tongren Hospital from May 2009 to December 2024. The analysis encompassed demographic data, preoperative evaluations, surgical details, histopathological reports, and postoperative metabolic parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PHPT predominantly affected females, with 84.1% of cases diagnosed incidentally during routine examinations. Preoperative ultrasonography and radionuclide imaging demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy for lesion localization (97.4% and 75.4%, respectively). Parathyroidectomy effectively normalized serum calcium, Phosphate, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels (P < .001). However, delayed postoperative PTH recovery correlated with advanced age (P = .038), elevated preoperative PTH and calcium levels (P < .001), and larger lesion size (> 3 cm, P < .001). Among patients with preoperative hypercalcemia, male sex (p = .039) and relatively lower baseline serum calcium levels (p = .004), combined with baseline hypophosphatemia (p = .013), were associated with an increased risk of transient or permanent postoperative hypoparathyroidism. Benign solitary adenomas showed an 8.695-fold higher treatment efficacy than malignant lesions. Preoperative phosphate levels (P = .037) and lesion size (P = .037) emerged as discriminative predictors for pathological subtypes, while severe preoperative hypophosphatemia independently indicated poor therapeutic outcomes. Smaller lesions correlated with better postoperative calcium-phosphate recovery, whereas preoperative hypercalcemia and larger lesion volume significantly influenced PTH improvement magnitude (P < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings affirmed parathyroidectomy's central role in PHPT management, highlighting substantial differences in treatment responses between benign and malignant cases. The study establishes a clinical decision-making framework combining preoperative imaging volumetry with serum PTH-calcium-phosphate profiling, enhancing pathological differentiation, guiding surgical planning, and predicting postoperative recovery trajectories. These insights enable more tailored therapeutic approaches, though validation through multicenter prospective studies remains essential for refining prognostic models and optimizing treatment protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":520614,"journal":{"name":"European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145240748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision and prediction matter: investigating hearing recovery measurements and prognosis in sudden sensorineural hearing loss.","authors":"Emilia Nordlie, Johanna Elander, Maria Värendh, Karin Stenfeldt, Fredrik Tjernström, Marie Gisselsson-Solén, Julia Sjögren, Måns Magnusson, Johannes K Ehinger","doi":"10.1007/s00405-025-09675-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-025-09675-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is defined as 30 decibels (dB) hearing loss in 3 consecutive frequencies occurring within 72 h. Pure-tone average of four frequencies (PTA4) is commonly used to evaluate hearing levels but may not accurately reflect the recovery. We aimed to identify prognostic factors for recovery and to evaluate how recovery should be assessed, by comparing PTA4 with an individual pure-tone average (iPTA), including solely the hearing thresholds for the affected frequencies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Demographic, clinical, and audiologic factors were analyzed using multivariable linear and logistic regression models. A Bland-Altman plot was used to compare recovery measurements based on iPTA and PTA4.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this cohort, the mean age was 57 years (range 19-91 years). Dizziness was a prominent negative predictive factor (logistic regression: iPTA OR 0.09 95% CI 0.02-0.38, for full recovery; linear regression: iPTA 14.4 dB poorer recovery). Tinnitus correlated with, on average, 4.9 dB poorer recovery (P=0.043). Each day of delayed assessment was linked to a 0.84 dB reduction in recovery (P <0.001; OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.87-0.98). Comparing PTA4 with iPTA, the Bland-Altman plot showed -2.4 dB mean difference with wide limits of agreement, ranging from approximately -17 to 13 dB. In cases of frequency range-specific hearing loss, hearing recovered 8.7 dB more by using iPTA than PTA4 (P=0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dizziness, tinnitus, and increasing disease duration until assessment are negative prognostic factors. Compared to PTA4, iPTA better reflects actual hearing recovery, particularly in frequency range-specific hearing loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":520614,"journal":{"name":"European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145240827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of first line of bevacizumab in patients with neurofibromatosis 2-related vestibular schwannomas.","authors":"Vladimír Koucký, Michaela Jirkovská, Aleš Vlasák, Lenka Kinštová, Jan Lazák, Eduard Zveřina, Jan Betka, Bořivoj Petrák, Pavel Tesner, Emilie Vyhnálková, Zdeněk Fík","doi":"10.1007/s00405-025-09734-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-025-09734-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>NF2-related schwannomatosis (NF2) patients are predisposed to develop multiple peripheral and central nervous tumors including bilateral vestibular schwannomas (VS). Decision on patient management, especially in large growing tumors, might be challenging concerning possible treatment-related complications and quality of life. Systemic therapy with bevacizumab has been reported to slow VS growth and improve hearing. Here, we present single-center outcomes of NF2 patients treated with bevacizumab.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of 15 NF2 patients with morphologically diagnosed unilateral or bilateral VS indicated for systemic therapy with bevacizumab (5 mg/kg every 2 weeks) in 2015-2022. Tumor growth rate, volume, and hearing thresholds were assessed before, during, and after first-line bevacizumab therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>15 patients (5 male, 10 females, mean age at the start of the therapy 30y, mean no. of bevacizumab cycles 35) and 25 tumors were evaluated. Radiologically significant (> 20% from the baseline) tumor volume reduction was observed in 5 patients. Notably, in patients with bilateral VS, volume reduction occurred on only one side. Three patients demonstrated a significantly reduced growth rate and tumor stabilization. Hearing improvement was documented in 1 patient, while another experienced significant hearing decline.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bevacizumab therapy may contribute to tumor shrinkage and hearing stabilization in NF2 patients. However, treatment response is variable, with meaningful tumor reduction and hearing improvement observed only in a minority of cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":520614,"journal":{"name":"European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145240800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alginates and laryngopharyngeal reflux: where we stand. A systematic review.","authors":"Christos Tsilivigkos, Konstantinos Papantoniou, Evangelos N Vitkos, Eleftherios Ferekidis, Athanasia Warnecke","doi":"10.1007/s00405-025-09693-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-025-09693-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a medical condition in which gastric contents reflux, directly or indirectly, causing morphological and neurological alterations in the upper aerodigestive system. Alginates are a common solution to this problem.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a PRISMA-compliant systematic review of the MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials, and Scopus databases without temporal limitations. Our goal was to gather all available data published in English on the use of alginates in patients with LPR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 134 articles were screened, and 16 met the inclusion criteria. The included studies comprised three surveys, one experience study, four observational cohort studies, two cross-sectional studies, one case series, four experimental randomized studies, and one non-randomized study. The remaining 12 clinical studies enrolled a total of 994 individuals, including 274 patients with both LPR and dry eye syndrome in two of these studies. Three key themes emerged from the included texts: decision-making and awareness among clinicians treating patients with LPR regarding alginate use, the effect of alginates in treating LPR symptoms, the effect of alginates in patients with both LPR and dry eye syndrome. The main outcome measures in the clinical studies on LPR patients included RSS, RSA, RSI, RFS, symptom resolution, VAS scores, treatment tolerance, and drug-related adverse events.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Alginates demonstrate a beneficial role both as monotherapy and as adjunct therapy with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Larger randomized studies are needed to further define their effectiveness in treating LPR.</p>","PeriodicalId":520614,"journal":{"name":"European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of post-laryngectomy dysphagia rehabilitation using High-Resolution impedance manometry: an exploratory study.","authors":"Marise Neijman, Maarten J A van Alphen, Rob J J H van Son, Martijn M Stuiver, Frans J M Hilgers, Michiel W M van den Brekel, Lisette van der Molen","doi":"10.1007/s00405-025-09642-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-025-09642-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This exploratory study analyzes High-Resolution Impedance Manometry (HRIM) data obtained during a phase II rehabilitation trial in laryngectomees at baseline (T0), after six-weeks of resistance-based training (T1), and after eight weeks of rest (T2), exploring its potential value in alaryngeal dysphagia research and clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pharyngeal HRIM was combined with videofluoroscopy to evaluate swallowing biomechanics in 17 laryngectomy patients. Parameters included Pharyngeal (Velo-, Meso-, and Hypopharyngeal) Contractile Integrals, Intra-Bolus Pressure, UES Relaxation Time, Maximum Admittance, and Integrated Relaxation Pressure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences were found in the Pharyngeal Contractile Integrals, Intra-Bolus Pressure, Relaxation Time, Maximum Admittance, or Integrated Relaxation Pressure. However, pharyngeal pressures and Maximum Admittance slightly decreased from T0 to T1, and increased at T2 for all consistencies (thin, extremely thick, solid).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Alaryngeal resistance-based swallowing exercises lead to small, non-significant differences in pharyngeal pressures. HRIM provides valuable insights, but its application for this population remains uncertain.</p>","PeriodicalId":520614,"journal":{"name":"European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}