Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology最新文献

{"title":"History of breastfeeding in relation to circulating inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers.","authors":"Nan Lin, Allison F Vitonis, Jennifer M Mongiovi, Leslie V Farland, Tianyi Huang, Kathryn L Terry, A Heather Eliassen, Mary K Townsend, Cuilin Zhang, Frank B Hu, Naoko Sasamoto","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0034","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breastfeeding history has been associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases, although the underlying biological link is unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 16,165 parous women in the Nurses' Health Studies who reported lactation history and biomarkers measured using plasma samples collected at mid-life. We calculated multivariable-adjusted geometric means of ten inflammatory biomarkers [high sensitivity C-reactive protein(hsCRP), interleukin-6 (IL6), IL8, IL10, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1), soluble tumor necrosis factor α receptor 2 (sTNFR2), B-cell activating factor, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13), sIL2-receptor-α (Rα), sIL6Rα] and eight metabolic biomarkers[triglyceride, total cholesterol, high- and low-density lipoprotein (HDL and LDL), leptin, soluble leptin receptor, adiponectin, retinol-binding protein 4] by self-reported history of breastfeeding prior to blood collection. False discovery rate (FDR) was used for multiple testing corrections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Average age at blood collection was 52.6 years. Ever breastfeeding was associated with higher IGF1 (149.22 vs. 143.76 ng/mL, p-value=0.0002/FDR=0.004) compared with never breastfeeding. Longer breastfeeding duration was associated with lower IL10 (p-trend=0.001/FDR=0.01) and higher IGF1 (p-trend=0.0005/FDR=0.01). No significant associations were observed for other biomarkers. Longer breastfeeding duration was associated with higher IGF1 among premenopausal women but not among postmenopausal women (p-interaction=0.02). Longer breastfeeding duration was associated with lower soluble leptin receptor levels among those with BMI≥25kg/m2 (p-trend=0.01/FDR=0.09) but not among those with BMI<25 kg/m2 (p-interaction=0.0002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ever breastfeeding and longer breastfeeding duration was associated with higher IGF1 levels measured in mid-life.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Our results support the potential long-term systemic impact of breastfeeding on circulating IGF1 levels, which may influence future chronic disease risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144304349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct Sources of Social Adversity, Stress, and Coping Mechanisms Among Breast Cancer Patients to Identify Areas for Intervention.","authors":"Chloe J Taub, Alexandra E Hernandez, Peter A Borowsky, Molly Ream, Rachel Plotke, Maya Lubarsky, Elizabeth Reguero, Susan B Kesmodel, Michael H Antoni, Neha Goel","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1790","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1790","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Social adversity from neighborhood disadvantage (ND), objectively measured using the Area Deprivation Index [ADI], is a known factor contributing to breast cancer (BC) disparities and has been associated with heightened psychophysiologic stress response processes, more aggressive tumor biology, and worse disease outcomes. While many aspects of ND may be less accessible for modification, some subjective experiences of ND may be modifiable through psychosocial intervention. This study investigates a critical gap in the literature regarding the link between objective ND and potentially modifiable subjective perceptions of ND.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From 2020-2024, 610 adult patients (English, Spanish, Creole-speaking) receiving care for BC at a South Florida National Cancer Institute-designated cancer center and sister safety-net hospital enrolled in a cohort study and completed measures for neighborhood-level adversity (Neighborhood Social Environment Adversity Survey [NSEAS]) and individual-level (Perceived Stress Scale [PSS], Impact of Event Scale-Intrusions [IES-I]) perceived stress as well as coping mechanisms (John Henryism Active Coping Scale [JHAC], Social Provisions Scale [SPS], Management of Current Stress [MOCS]). ADI was derived from residential addresses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiple regression analyses found 1) women living in areas of higher objective ND reported greater levels of perceived ND [NSEAS], 2) greater subjective ND related to greater general [PSS] but not cancer-specific stress [IES-I], and 3) women with greater coping mechanisms [JHAC, SPS, MOCS] reported lower levels of subjective ND (ps<.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study clarified relationships among sources of social adversity, stress, and coping mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>These findings may help inform intervention design for BC patients living in social adversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change and cancer risk: connections with physical activity, diet, and adiposity.","authors":"Colleen B McGrath, Hannah E Guard, Sydney Yearley, Miriam Marlink, Katherine M Kutzer, Ethan Ecsedy, James Dun Rappaport, Eric B Rimm, Jaime E Hart, Francine Laden, Walter C Willett, Jane B Vaselkiv, Lorelei A Mucci","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change and its environmental consequences have broadly influenced human health, including the direct effects of climate related-environmental exposures increasing cancer risk. In this review, we summarize evidence and make inferences on the indirect impact of climate change on cancer etiology through three interrelated cancer risk factors-physical activity, diet, and adiposity, and how these, in turn, may have downstream effects on cancer risk. Moreover, we highlight ways in which climate change will likely exacerbate existing cancer disparities through these three cancer risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body mass index, IGF1-related polymorphisms and risk of familial breast cancer in women with no BRCA1 or BRCA2 pathogenic variant.","authors":"Barbara Fritsch-Humblet, Yue Jiao, Séverine Eon-Marchais, Marie-Gabrielle Dondon, Dorothée Le Gal, Juana Beauvallet, Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet, Nadine Andrieu, Fabienne Lesueur","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1860","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Body mass index (BMI) and some single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with IGF1 metabolism are risk factors for breast cancer (BC) in the general population. No investigation has been performed in women presenting a familial predisposition to BC, except in women carrying a pathogenic variant in BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2). We investigated the effect of BMI and IGF1-related SNPs in high-risk women with no BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a case-control study in the GENESIS study (1556 cases and 1546 controls). We assessed association between 639,424 SNPs associated with circulating IGF1 level or located in genes of KEGG pathways involving IGF1 and BC using logistic regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A reduced risk of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive tumors was observed for premenopausal women with a BMI above 25 (OR=0.52, 95%CI:0.34-0.81). None of the SNPs were associated with BC except rs117292219 in STAT5A and associated with a reduced risk of ER-negative tumors (OR=0.41, 95%CI:0.26-0.66). No interaction between BMI and any of the analyzed SNPs was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings on BMI effect were consistent with that reported in the general population and in BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant carriers: overweight women have a reduced risk of BC before menopause, but no increased risk after menopause. We found few associations between IGF1-related SNPs and familial BC, even if variants at STAT5A locus warrant further investigation.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>This large case-control study does not support a major role of the genetic variability of IGF1 metabolism in familial BC risk in women with no BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144268400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a Physical Activity mHealth Intervention (Fit2Thrive) on WCRF/AICR Cancer Prevention Score among Breast Cancer Survivors: A Secondary Data Analysis.","authors":"Jean Miki Reading, Payton Solk, Julia Starikovsky, Jing Song, Kristina Hasanaj, Shirlene Wang, Juned Siddique, Melanie Wolter, Julia Frey, Kerry S Courneya, Frank J Penedo, Ronald Ackermann, David Cella, Bonnie Spring, Siobhan M Phillips","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0167","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Interventions targeting moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) may be a catalyst for improving other lifestyle behaviors in breast cancer survivors (BCS). We examined whether Fit2Thrive, mHeath MVPA intervention, influenced adherence to cancer prevention recommendations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>BCS (N=269, age (M=52.9;SD=9.9) received a 12-week mHealth MVPA intervention and were randomized to \"on\" or \"off\" level of 5 intervention components. The World Cancer Research Fund International/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) score was calculated (0= high cancer risk, 6=low cancer risk) based on cancer prevention recommendations: sugar-sweetened beverages, fast food, fruit/vegetable, body mass index, alcohol consumption, and MVPA (baseline, 12- and 24-weeks). Mixed-effects models examined changes in WCRF/AICR score and each risk factor and the effects of each intervention component (telephone support calls, Fitbit buddy, tailored text messages, deluxe app, online gym) level on the WCRF/AICR score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The WCRF/AICR total score significantly improved at 12- and 24-weeks (p's<.001). MVPA improved at 12- and 24-weeks (p's<.001). Fruit and vegetable consumption improved at 12-weeks (p=0.01). No changes in other risk factors were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Participation in a mHealth MVPA intervention may influence cancer risk in BCS and have effects on certain untargeted behaviors (fruit and vegetable consumption), but not other risk factors (sugar-sweetened beverages, fast food, body mass index, alcohol consumption). Future work should explore how to maximize these effects and determine if resource-efficient dietary intervention components improve cancer outcomes.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Understanding the impact of a mHealth MVPA intervention on untargeted dietary behaviors may guide the development of scalable interventions targeting lifestyle behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12232204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144251867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Radiation Use from 2004-2020 Among Adolescents and Young Adults with Hodgkin Lymphoma.","authors":"Kelsey L Corrigan, Amy M Berkman, Jillian Gunther, Clark R Andersen, Susan Wu, Amber Gibson, Branko Cuglievan, Miriam B Garcia, Gohar Manzar, Penny Fang, Brian De, Sairah Ahmed, Cesar Nunez, Michelle A T Hildebrandt, David C McCall, Susan K Parsons, Michael E Roth","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0049","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) has excellent survival rates in adolescents and young adults (AYAs, diagnosed between ages 15 - 39 years). However, survivors are at risk for treatment-related late effects. While radiation therapy (RT) de-escalation/omission has emerged as an approach to minimize late effects, no prior studies have evaluated RT use over time in AYAs with HL.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the National Cancer Database, we identified 40,717 AYAs diagnosed with HL between 2004 and 2020. Differences in sociodemographic and clinical variables were assessed using two-sample two-sided t-test or chi-square tests. RT use was summarized per year by frequency with 95% confidence intervals. The association of RT receipt with sociodemographic and clinical variables was modeled using logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the AYAs included, 20.1% received RT, with a significant decline in RT use over time from 33.9% in 2004 to 9.3% in 2020 (p<0.0001). Use of mantle RT declined over time from 40% in 2004 to 0% in 2018 (p<0.0001). Female AYAs were consistently less likely to receive RT than males. Rural versus metro setting (OR: 1.69, 95% CI 1.34 - 2.14, p<0.0001) and private versus no insurance (OR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.42 - 1.76, p<0.0001) were associated with greater RT use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Use of RT in AYAs with HL declined from 2004 - 2020, especially in female and uninsured AYAs.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>While use of RT declined overall for AYAs with HL, this was not equal across groups. Research is needed to better understand disparities in RT use by rurality and insurance status.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12281412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144251868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in cancer and all-cause mortality among non-Hispanic Black American adults by nativity and duration of residence in the United States.","authors":"Aminu Kende Abubakar, Phuong The Nguyen, Mahbubur Rahman","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) Americans bear a high burden of cancer and all-cause mortality. Previous studies show that foreign-born individuals in the United States generally have lower cancer mortality rates, although it is more pronounced among NHBs. This study examined differences in cancer and all-cause mortality risk between U.S.-born and foreign-born NHB adults and by the duration of U.S. residence among foreign-born.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used pooled data from the 1997-2018 National Health Interview Survey linked to the National Death Index with follow-up through December 31, 2019, including 90,487 NHB adults. Cox regression models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) by place of birth and duration of U.S. residence, adjusting for sociodemographic and health behavior variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among participants (61.1% women, mean age 46.5), 90.6% were U.S.-born, with an average follow-up of 10.9 years U.S.-born individuals had higher cancer mortality than foreign-born individuals (women: aHR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.30-2.44; men: aHR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.04-1.85). For all-cause mortality, U.S.-born had similarly increased risks (women: aHR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.60-2.23; men: aHR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.44-1.96). No significant differences were observed based on the duration of U.S. residence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Intra-racial disparity in cancer mortality has been continuously observed among NHBs by nativity. Multi-pronged research strategies are needed to understand this gap and develop appropriate interventions to address it.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Understanding nativity-based differences can inform strategies to reduce cancer outcome disparities faced by NHBs.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144251866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between Opium Route of Use and Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons as Potential Carcinogenicity Mechanism.","authors":"Mahdokht Naghash, Antonia M Calafat, Hossein Poustchi, Lanqing Wang, Gholamreza Roshandel, Julianne Cook Botelho, Farin Kamangar, Paolo Boffetta, Christian C Abnet, Neal D Freedman, Reza Malekzadeh, Arash Etemadi","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0126","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Opium consumption is carcinogenic, but the impact of route of use (smoking vs. ingestion) on exposure to potential proposed carcinogens is understudied.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As a nested study within Golestan Cohort Study, we gathered comprehensive histories of teriak (raw opium), shireh (refined opium sap), and tobacco use, by validated questionnaires and selected 100 long-term opium users (50 exclusively ingesting and 50 exclusively smoking), 15 cigarette smokers, and a reference sample using neither. We analyzed spot urine samples for seven hydroxy-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAH) and cotinine. PAH biomarker concentrations were creatinine-corrected to account for urinary dilution and adjusted for demographic factors and opium use patterns using multivariable linear regression models to evaluate associations between the route of opium use and PAH biomarker concentrations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After excluding opium users who reported no tobacco use but had discordant cotinine concentrations, PAH biomarker concentrations were significantly higher in opium users than the reference sample. Smoking opium was associated with substantially elevated PAH biomarker concentrations compared with ingestion, particularly for Σ2,3-hydroxyphenanthrene (5-fold increase) and 3-hydroxyfluorene (4.5-fold increase). For Σ2,3-hydroxyphenanthrene, concentrations exceeded those of cigarette smokers. No difference was observed between teriak and shireh use. Only among opium smokers, PAH biomarker concentrations decreased by time since last use but remained consistently higher than the reference sample.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Opium consumption, regardless of type and route, exposes individuals to PAHs, with greater concentrations of select PAH biomarkers observed for smoking compared to ingestion.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Considering the route of opium use in exposure and cancer risk assessments is crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12265894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144228321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast density changes after risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy in women with a pathogenic germline variant in BRCA1 or BRCA2.","authors":"Elizabeth A Loehrer, Frederieke H van der Baan, Thea M Mooij, Nadine Andrieu, Antonis C Antoniou, Monique D Dorrius, Douglas F Easton, Christoph Engel, Karin Kast, Ritse M Mann, Catherine Noguès, Rita K Schmutzler, Yen Y Tan, Mikael Eriksson, Carla H van Gils, Maartje J Hooning, Matti A Rookus, Marjanka K Schmidt","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We studied change in mammographic density (MD) among premenopausal women with a pathogenic germline variant (PGV) in BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, comparing those who did and did not undergo risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) in the interval between mammograms, accounting for changes in exogenous oral contraceptive (OC) or hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From five studies of the international IBCCS consortium, we included 691 participants who had two or more screening mammograms available, were less than 47 years at time of RRSO (N=208) or premenopausal at all mammograms without RRSO (N=483). MD metrics [Percent density (PD), dense area (DA), and non-dense area (NDA)] were quantified using STRATUS. Multivariable linear mixed models assessed changes in MD metrics between groups, adjusting for confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean PD at first mammogram was 26.8% ± 15.3 (RRSO) and 31.3% ± 18.1 (no RRSO). In a median 1.1 years between mammograms, PD decreased on average 0.9% (95% CI: -1.6; -0.2) among women who did not undergo RRSO in the interval between mammograms compared to 5.9% (95% CI: -7.4; -4.5) among women who underwent RRSO in the interval (adjusted difference: -5.9%, 95%CI: -9.5; -2.2, p=0.002). Results were driven primarily by MD changes among BRCA2 PGV carriers. Use of HRT after RRSO attenuated the decline in PD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>On average, PD and DA decrease following RRSO in premenopausal carriers, particularly among BRCA2 PGV carriers. HRT formulation affects MD changes.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Decrease in mammographic density may inform the potential protective effect of RRSO against breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144228322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global incidence of gastric cancer by age and subtype with age-period-cohort analysis from 1988 to 2017 and predictions to 2032.","authors":"Yu Jin, Ting Shu, Meijing Hu, Jing Yang, Yunhe Tian, Jiao Pei, Xinyi Lei, Cairong Zhu","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background： Globally, gastric cancer (GC) incidence trends and risk factors vary by age group and subtype, cardia (CGC) and non-cardia (NCGC). However, in-depth temporal studies remained lacking. Methods： Using data from Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Volumes VII-XII for 25 countries, we applied the joinpoint regression to assess trends in age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR). The age-period-cohort (APC) analysis yielded cohort effects, and the Bayesian APC (BAPC) analysis generated predictions. Results： We observed declines in NCGC incidence and cohort effect between 1988 to 2017 in most countries. However, rising trends in subpopulations in China, the U.S., and New Zealand warrant attention. Notably, NCGC incidence among females under age 50 years (defined as the 'young population' in this study) was higher than for males in 22 countries, which is contrary to previous reports showing a higher incidence in males in the whole population. CGC incidence trends were diverse, with notable increases in the overall and/or younger populations in some countries. Projections to 2032 suggest that CGC and NCGC incidences will converge, notably in males across 12 countries-9 for the whole male population and 10 for the young males. Conclusions: Long-term incidence trends of CGC and NCGC, combined with cohort effects, reveal global shifts in incidence and risk factors, with a rising incidence of CGC and higher NCGC rates in young females compared to males. Impact: This study underscores changing GC trends in young populations, emphasizing the need for targeted screening and risk factor investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144228323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}