Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Age-Related Differences in Outcomes and Tumor Characteristics of Ultrarare Sarcomas: A Nationwide Study.","authors":"Ming-Jing Lee, Chun-Ju Chiang, Ya-Wen Yang, Bo-Zhi Zhuang, Wen-Chung Lee, Zola Chia-Chen Li, Tom Wei-Wu Chen","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-1790","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-1790","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ultrarare sarcomas (URS) are subtypes of sarcomas with an extremely low incidence (≤1 per 1,000,000), resulting in limited clinical understanding. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics, overall survival (OS) outcomes, and prognostic factors of URS by using a national cancer registry database.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients in the Taiwan Cancer Registry, diagnosed between January 2002 and December 2019, were included. Based on the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition, histologic codes and their incidence, patients were categorized into URS, non-URS (NURS), or non-sarcoma solid tumors (NSST). Annual percentage change (APC) and factors associated with OS were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1,578,049 patients, 0.23% (n = 3,690) were URS, 1.93% (n = 30,503) were NURS, and 97.83% (n = 1,543,856) were NSST. The most common URS histologies were conventional chordoma and extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma. The incidence of URS demonstrated an increase from 2002 to 2019 (APC = 2), without an improvement in OS [2011-2019 vs. 2002-2009 URS: HR, 1.12; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02-1.20]. After multivariable adjustment, OS remained worse in URS compared with NURS (HR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.77-1.96). Across all age groups except 0 to 18 years, patients with URS had inferior OS to those with NURS. Notably, within individual URS histologies, age was independently associated with OS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite an increasing incidence, outcomes for URSs remain poor. Age emerges as a major determinant of heterogeneity and prognosis, underscoring the need for age-stratified approaches in future research and clinical management.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Our findings underscore the urgent need for increased awareness of URS and characterize the impact of age on these patients. See related In the Spotlight, p. 1487.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1654-1662"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147848905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Gastric Atrophy in the Association between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Ji Zhang, Rino Bellocco, Yanbin Jia, Dariush Nasrollahzadeh, Ulrika Zagai, Rima Jeske, Tim Waterboer, Anna H Wu, Lesley A Anderson, Harvey A Risch, Thomas L Vaughan, Weimin Ye","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-1312","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-1312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The mechanisms underlying pathways linking Helicobacter pylori infection, gastric atrophy, and esophageal adenocarcinoma have yet to be quantitatively investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four hundred thirty-five patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma and 1,298 cancer-free subjects were included from the International Barrett's and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium (BEACON). Samples were collected from 1993 to 2004. Gastric atrophy was determined by serum pepsinogens. H. pylori infection was assessed by antibodies against 15 antigens. Logistic regression models were fitted to estimate odds ratio (OR) and quantify the association between antibodies and gastric atrophy. A 4-way decomposition of the overall effect into natural direct and indirect effects was used to measure the mediating effects of mediators between H. pylori and esophageal adenocarcinoma while also considering their role as effect modifiers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seropositivity for 15 H. pylori antigens was associated with a lower risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma; the ORs ranged from 0.44 (95% CI, 0.40-0.49) to 0.91 (95% CI, 0.84-0.98). Seropositivity for multiple antigens was also associated with a reduced risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. The effect of H. pylori infection was not mediated through gastric atrophy, body mass index (BMI), and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), whether these factors were examined individually or combined, as the estimates of natural indirect effects were close to 0.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study confirmed the inverse association between H. pylori and esophageal adenocarcinoma, which was not mediated by gastric atrophy or the combination with BMI and GERD.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>It suggests refining esophageal adenocarcinoma risk prediction models and exploring other potential mediators and pathways between H. pylori and esophageal adenocarcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1620-1627"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Oral Microbiome: A Silent Contributor to Systemic Health and Disease National Institutes of Health 2024 Workshop.","authors":"Gabriela Riscuta, Anil Wali, Emmanuel F Mongodin, Mukesh Verma, Marco Cardone, Hye-Sook Kim, Tamara McNealy, Altaf Mohammed","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-1553","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-1553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previously considered primarily only in the context of dental diseases, the oral microbiome is now recognized as a contributor to a variety of systemic diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases. This commentary explores the evolving view of the oral cavity as a gateway to the body's broader physiologic networks, implicating oral microbiome dysbiosis in a spectrum of chronic conditions. Drawing on current evidence, we propose a re-envisioned healthcare model that integrates oral and systemic health and outline research gaps and clinical priorities to harness the oral microbiome for preventive and therapeutic gains, emphasizing cancer-relevant biomarkers and intervention opportunities.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":"35 9","pages":"1490-1494"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13530980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148868526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No Association of Prior Administration of Selected Vaccines with Lymphoma Prognosis.","authors":"George A Cholack, Verena Hinder, Raphael Mwangi, Thomas M Habermann, Dennis P Robinson, Melissa C Larson, Andrew L Feldman, Thomas E Witzig, Stephen M Ansell, Eric Mou, Yucai Wang, Carrie A Thompson, Matthew J Maurer, Anne J Novak, Susan L Slager, James R Cerhan","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0427","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although some vaccines seem to be associated with a lower risk of lymphoma, their impact on outcomes is largely unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from a large prospective lymphoma cohort study were utilized to estimate associations of self-reported history of vaccination against hepatitis A, hepatitis B, influenza, and yellow fever with event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) using Cox proportional hazard models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>None of the vaccines were associated with EFS [hazard ratio (HR) 0.77-1] or OS (HRs 0.96-1.04). Similarly, there were no significant associations between the vaccines and outcomes for each lymphoma subtype.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Prior vaccination against selected viruses was not associated with EFS or OS among patients with lymphoma.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>We did not find evidence for an impact of prior vaccination on lymphoma prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1674-1676"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13383572/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148311121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation Risk of Screening-Detected Diffuse Goiter in a Belarusian Cohort Exposed as Children or Adolescents to Iodine-131 after Chernobyl.","authors":"Lydia B Zablotska, Robert J McConnell, Aleksandr V Rozhko, Patrick O'Kane, Vasilina Yauseyenka, Mark P Little, Viktor Minenko, Vladimir V Drozdovitch, Olga V Parhomenko, Maureen Hatch, Iryna A Vasiukhina, Alina V Brenner, Kiyohiko Mabuchi, Elizabeth K Cahoon","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-1949","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-1949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We previously reported a significantly increased risk of thyroid cancer due to radioactive iodine-131 after the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear accident in a cohort of children and adolescents from Belarus. Radiation-related cancer risks were five times higher among those with diffuse goiter; however, the relationship between radiation dose and diffuse goiter is not well understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used logistic regression to analyze data from 10,278 study participants [mean thyroid dose = 0.63 gray (Gy)] who were screened 10 to 15 years after exposure according to a standardized protocol, which specified thyroid size assessment by both ultrasound and palpation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Diffuse goiter was identified in 1,811 subjects and was significantly associated with 131I dose (P < 0.001). The linear model provided the best fit to the data at doses <0.5 Gy [odds ratio (OR) at 1 Gy = 2.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.70-3.41] and linear-exponential model at doses <1.5 Gy (OR at 1 Gy = 1.84). Age at exposure and indicators of iodine deficiency both before the accident (place of residence) and during screening (urinary iodine levels) significantly modified the dose-response (all P values < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The first systematic evaluation of radiation risks of diffuse goiter after environmental exposure found a strong, statistically significant association with thyroid dose.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Our study shows that radiation exposure is associated with a significantly increased risk of developing diffuse goiter. Future epidemiologic studies of iodine-deficient irradiated populations should assess thyroid size.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1545-1554"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148261353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Phytoestrogen Intake and Risk of Receptor-Defined Breast Cancer Subtypes: A Prospective Analysis of the PLCO Cancer Screening Trial Cohort.","authors":"Michael K Reger, Sydney Maxey","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0428","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Phytoestrogens may influence breast carcinogenesis through hormone-related and nonhormone-mediated mechanisms, yet prospective evidence by receptor-defined subtype in US populations remains limited. We evaluated associations between dietary phytoestrogen intake and the risk of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-defined breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 51,530 postmenopausal women in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. Baseline intake of total and individual phytoestrogens was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Incident breast cancers were classified by ER, PR, and HER2 status. Cause-specific Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) across tertiles of intake, adjusting for established breast cancer risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During follow-up, 2,364 incident breast cancers were identified. Higher coumestrol intake was associated with a lower hazard of ER- breast cancer (tertile 3 vs. tertile 1: HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.50-0.91; P trend = 0.014) and PR- breast cancer (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.59-0.93; P trend = 0.013). Higher total isoflavone intake was associated with a lower hazard of HER2+ disease (HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.45-0.87; P trend = 0.005), with similar findings for daidzein. No significant associations were observed for ER+ or PR+ tumors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Associations between phytoestrogen intake and breast cancer differed by receptor-defined subtype, with inverse associations observed primarily for receptor-negative and HER2+ tumors.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>These findings suggest that associations between dietary phytoestrogen intake and breast cancer may vary across receptor-defined subtypes and highlight the need for replication using biomarker-based measures and populations with higher exposure levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1628-1636"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148355512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in Rural-Urban Cancer Care Outcomes among Pediatric, Adolescent, and Young Adult Populations: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.","authors":"Olivia C Burke, Wencesley A Paez","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0420","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pediatric cancer survival has improved substantially in recent decades; however, these gains remain unevenly distributed across populations. The National Cancer Institute has identified persistent disparities in pediatric cancer as a critical research priority, underscoring the need for focused investigation. This comprehensive narrative review examines the multifactorial contributors to rural-urban inequities in pediatric and adolescent and young adult (AYA) oncology. An extensive literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library identified English-language studies with data spanning 1973 to 2025, assessing disparities in rural cancer care and outcomes among US children (ages 0-18 years) and AYAs (ages 15-39 years). Compared with urban patients, rurality and long-distance travel to cancer care were often associated with poorer continuity of care; increased financial toxicity; reduced access to clinical trials, advanced therapies, and specialists; inadequate survivorship and supportive care; increased morbidity; and inferior survival. Disparities were further amplified among racial and ethnic minorities, who experienced decreased overall survival and increased early mortality across multiple cancer types. This review provides the first comprehensive synthesis of structural, geographic, and social drivers of rural cancer disparities and highlights multidisciplinary, evidence-based strategies to improve equitable access and outcomes for children and AYAs living outside major urban centers.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1501-1516"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13530988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148355472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer Screening in the Postpandemic Era: Lessons from Disruption and a Path Forward.","authors":"Gloria D Coronado, Anna M Morenz, Josheili Llavona-Ortiz","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0825","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0825","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic exposed critical vulnerabilities in cancer screening systems while revealing strategies that enabled resilience. Analysis of data from the National Cancer Institute's Population-based Research to Optimize the Screening Process (PROSPR) consortium across 10 US health systems documented dramatic declines in cervical, colorectal, and lung cancer screening during April to May 2020, with some sites experiencing drops of up to 96%. Systems with established mailed fecal testing programs recovered more rapidly, underscoring the value of home-based screening infrastructure. Drawing on these findings, this commentary outlines actionable strategies for sustaining cancer screening during future public health emergencies: expanding home-based testing options, implementing risk-stratified prioritization frameworks, leveraging digital communication tools, investing in telehealth infrastructure, strengthening patient navigation and community partnerships, and reducing structural barriers through extended hours and mobile services. These strategies are not solely crisis measures. They represent best practices for equitable, patient-centered care delivery in ordinary circumstances. As future disruptions are inevitable, health systems must proactively embed these approaches, conduct regular preparedness planning, and invest in research to model long-term impacts on cancer outcomes. Doing so will protect continuity of care, particularly for the most vulnerable populations. See related article by Del Vecchio et al., p. 1527.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":"35 9","pages":"1481-1483"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148868458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Landscape of Genomic and Socioeconomic Variables in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Based on Genetic Ancestry.","authors":"Preethi Srinivasan, Sara L Bristow, Fernando L Mendez, Shifra Krinshpun, Adham Jurdi, Minetta C Liu, Matthew Rabinowitz, Jeffrey Wall, Carlos D Bustamante, Alexander G Ioannidis, Francisco M De La Vega, Breeana L Mitchell, Alexey Aleshin, Johannes G Reiter","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0020","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite differences in tumor alterations across genetic ancestries, investigations of the colorectal cancer molecular landscape have used self-reported ethnicity instead of genetic ancestry.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used tumor and matched normal whole-exome sequencing data from 16,388 patients with stage I to IV colorectal cancer to investigate colorectal cancer's germline and somatic molecular landscape and the potential influence of socioeconomic factors (Distressed Communities Index, DCI) across diverse genetic ancestries. Genetic ancestry determined via supervised local ancestry inference included African (AFR, N = 1,697), Native American (AMR, N = 1,291), East Asian (EAS, N = 2,247), European (EUR, N = 9,726), Levantine Middle Eastern (LME, N = 1,192), and South Asian (SAS, N = 184).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Microsatellite instability (MSI) was the most common form of hypermutation (80.8%), higher in the EUR genetic ancestry than in the AFR, AMR, and EAS genetic ancestry. Among germline findings, positive results were most common in high-penetrance genes associated with Lynch syndrome. Enrichment patterns included MLH1 (SAS) and PMS2 (AFR). There were significant differences in the frequency of driver mutations in APC, BRAF, KRAS, TP53, and PIK3CA between the EUR and other ancestry groups in both MSI and microsatellite stable tumors. Mutational signatures suggested enrichment of reactive oxygen species and POLE in AFR, colibactin in EAS, and aflatoxin and NTHL1 in SAS. DCI scores differed by ancestry (higher distress in AFR/AMR than in EUR), but driver mutation frequencies did not vary across DCI quintiles.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Genetic ancestry shapes hereditary risk, tumor biology, and environmental exposures.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>These findings suggest that incorporating ancestry into screening, trials, and precision oncology may improve equity, though outcome-linked prospective studies and implementation research are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1555-1564"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13530983/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147848976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma Protein Biomarkers for Early Risk Prediction of Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Weiwei Chen, Xianxiu Ge, Chenyue Hu, Yuefan Shen, Lin Miao, Dong Hang, Wei Zhao","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0341","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-26-0341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prospective studies are necessary to determine the association between circulating proteins and colorectal cancer risk, offering noninvasive biomarkers for early colorectal cancer risk prediction and interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Olink Explore 3072 platform was employed to measure 2,923 plasma proteins in 53,073 UK Biobank participants. Cox regression analyses assessed associations between normalized protein expression and colorectal cancer risk. We developed a protein score for colorectal cancer risk prediction and compared it with a traditional risk model (incorporating age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and family history of colorectal cancer) using receiver operating characteristic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over an average 10.8-year follow-up, 652 colorectal cancer cases occurred. After multivariable adjustment, seven proteins showed significant associations with colorectal cancer risk (false discovery rate-corrected P values < 0.05). Hazard ratios (HR) for colorectal cancer per one standard deviation increase in levels of these proteins ranged from 1.18 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07-1.29] to 1.38 (95% CI, 1.23-1.55). Compared with the lowest quintile, the highest quintile of the seven-protein score was associated with an HR for colorectal cancer of 4.27 (95% CI, 3.17-5.75). The protein score model and traditional risk factor model showed similar predictive performance for 5-year colorectal cancer risk [both areas under the curve (AUC) = 0.68], whereas the combined model showed an AUC of 0.70.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study established a panel of seven plasma proteins that may help identify high-risk individuals for colorectal cancer.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>This study highlights the potential of plasma protein biomarkers as noninvasive tools for early detection and personalized prevention strategies of colorectal cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":520580,"journal":{"name":"Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1601-1609"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148341861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}