IJTLD open最新文献_第2页

Anxiety during active TB and enduring post-TB anxiety-related sequelae. 结核病活动性期间的焦虑和持续的结核病后焦虑相关后遗症。

IJTLD open Pub Date : 2026-04-13 eCollection Date: 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0634

Y Lu, G Hoddinott

{"title":"Anxiety during active TB and enduring post-TB anxiety-related sequelae.","authors":"Y Lu, G Hoddinott","doi":"10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0634","url":null,"abstract":"Background: TB remains the leading cause of death by a single infectious agent globally. Experiencing TB disease also has profound psychological impacts that persist beyond treatment. Anxiety is increasingly recognised as a significant component of TB disease burden, but it is under-studied and the evidence is fragmented. We aimed to address this fragmentation by synthesising the literature on TB, post-TB sequelae, and anxiety.Methods: We conducted a scoping review for literature published between January 2000 and May 2025 across PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Eligible studies examined anxiety in active TB or post-TB populations, including quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods data, published in English.Results: From 612 records screened, 90 studies met the inclusion criteria. Although 87 reported on anxiety during a TB disease episode, only 3 studies addressed post-TB anxiety. Common risk factors included stigma, social isolation, financial strain, comorbid illness, and fear of recurrence. Findings suggested that anxiety often persists post-treatment, particularly among those with lasting physical limitations and socio-economic disadvantages. Challenges were observed across both low- and high-income countries.Conclusion: Anxiety in TB and post-TB populations is widespread, multifactorial, and frequently unresolved after treatment. Additional data to inform intervention development are urgently needed.","PeriodicalId":519984,"journal":{"name":"IJTLD open","volume":"3 4","pages":"191-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13080312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147701780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A structured approach to promote equity in spatial accessibility to TB services during private sector engagement. 在私营部门参与期间促进结核病服务空间可及性公平性的结构化方法。

IJTLD open Pub Date : 2026-04-13 eCollection Date: 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0599

Y Xiong, A K Millones, C-C Huang, E Zavala-Abriojo, H Campos, J Jimenez, D R Jordan, L Lecca, H E Jenkins, C M Yuen

{"title":"A structured approach to promote equity in spatial accessibility to TB services during private sector engagement.","authors":"Y Xiong, A K Millones, C-C Huang, E Zavala-Abriojo, H Campos, J Jimenez, D R Jordan, L Lecca, H E Jenkins, C M Yuen","doi":"10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0599","url":null,"abstract":"Background: We sought to quantify the potential impact of private sector engagement on the equity of spatial accessibility to TB services in Lima, Peru.Methods: We used the enhanced two-step floating catchment area (E2SFCA) method to calculate census spatial accessibility indices for access to health facilities providing clinical evaluation, sputum testing, or chest radiography in two districts. We compared different hypothetical interventions of engaging private facilities to a baseline including only public facilities. We defined an equity-promoting intervention as one that improves the median spatial accessibility index while decreasing the interquartile range (IQR).Results: Our analysis included 22 public and 38 private facilities. For clinical evaluation and sputum testing, which are universally available in public facilities, neither broad nor targeted private sector engagement would have substantial impact on the IQR of the spatial accessibility index in either district. For radiography services, which are limited in public facilities, we identified equity-promoting private sector engagement interventions that would increase median spatial accessibility by 8%-28% while reducing the IQR by 1%-26%.Conclusion: Targeted private sector engagement can sometimes promote equity in spatial accessibility to TB services. An E2SFCA analysis provides an objective approach to identifying equity-promoting engagement interventions.","PeriodicalId":519984,"journal":{"name":"IJTLD open","volume":"3 4","pages":"241-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13080310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147701806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Addressing challenges along the 'access cascade' for new TB regimens. 应对新结核病治疗方案“获取梯级”中的挑战。

IJTLD open Pub Date : 2026-03-13 eCollection Date: 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0610

J Servello, P de Colombani, L Dall'Olio, G Gargioni, M C B Raviglione

{"title":"Addressing challenges along the 'access cascade' for new TB regimens.","authors":"J Servello, P de Colombani, L Dall'Olio, G Gargioni, M C B Raviglione","doi":"10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0610","url":null,"abstract":"This is a decisive moment with multiple new chemical entities progressing through the TB drug pipeline. Our review aims to contribute to policy discussion around these new TB treatments, primarily to increase the chance of successfully and rapidly adopting new regimens where they are most needed. Our analysis is based on: i) stakeholder engagement efforts undertaken in the context of UNITE4TB (a global clinical trial consortium for development of new TB drugs and regimens), ii) the outcomes of a special session of the UNITE4TB Annual Meeting 2024 in which representatives from several key stakeholder groups (pharmaceutical, clinical, research, regulatory, oversight, and advocacy) spoke on the topic of access to new TB regimens; and iii) a review of the literature. We propose a model for an 'access cascade' detailing the necessary steps from early research and development to the introduction of new regimens into clinical care. We then determined potential bottlenecks that might impede equitable access to new TB regimens globally, and conclude with recommended actions for stakeholders to take to overcome or mitigate the effects of these bottlenecks.","PeriodicalId":519984,"journal":{"name":"IJTLD open","volume":"3 3","pages":"122-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12991663/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147477921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diagnostic accuracy of TB-LAMP and smear microscopy for pulmonary TB in active case finding. TB- lamp和涂片镜检对肺结核的诊断准确性。

IJTLD open Pub Date : 2026-03-13 eCollection Date: 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0557

A Shimouchi, R S Gopali, B Maharjan, Y Shrestha, Y Hirano, N P Shah, P Ghimire, P Shrestha, K Okada

{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of TB-LAMP and smear microscopy for pulmonary TB in active case finding.","authors":"A Shimouchi, R S Gopali, B Maharjan, Y Shrestha, Y Hirano, N P Shah, P Ghimire, P Shrestha, K Okada","doi":"10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0557","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In Nepal, most sputum tests are done with smear microscopy. However, in order to increase case detection by active case finding (ACF), more sensitive bacteriological test should be used.Methods: Presumptive TB cases aged five and over detected by symptomatic screening and X-ray screening for pulmonary TB were included in the study. Smear microscopy, loop-mediated isothermal-amplification for TB (TB-LAMP), and Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) were performed as part of routine TB diagnostic procedure in ACF. We compared the diagnostic accuracy of TB-LAMP and smear microscopy by using Xpert as the microbiological reference standard.Results: Among 653 samples, sensitivity, specificity, and kappa value of smear microscopy and TB-LAMP were 30.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 21.6-41.1), 99.8% (95% CI: 99.0-99.9), 0.43 (95% CI: 0.36-0.49) and 72.0% (95% CI: 61.4-80.5), 99.7% (95% CI: 98.7-99.9), 0.80 (95% CI: 0.73-0.88), respectively. Sensitivity of TB-LAMP (72.0%) was 41.5% higher than that of smear microscopy (30.5%) (P < 0.01). Sensitivity of TB-LAMP and smear microscopy was high for multibacillary TB. Sensitivity of TB-LAMP was substantially higher than that of smear microscopy for paucibacillary TB.Conclusion: Sensitivity of TB-LAMP was much higher than that of smear microscopy in ACF. TB-LAMP is recommended to replace smear microscopy in ACF to increase the detection of bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB.","PeriodicalId":519984,"journal":{"name":"IJTLD open","volume":"3 3","pages":"151-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12991519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147477925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of non-TB mycobacterial co-isolation in patients with pulmonary TB. 非结核分枝杆菌共分离对肺结核患者的影响。

IJTLD open Pub Date : 2026-03-13 eCollection Date: 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0539

S Samari, S K Brode, H K Mah, M S Brar, N F Sabur

{"title":"The impact of non-TB mycobacterial co-isolation in patients with pulmonary TB.","authors":"S Samari, S K Brode, H K Mah, M S Brar, N F Sabur","doi":"10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0539","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pulmonary TB is diagnosed by isolating Mycobacterium tuberculosis from sputum. Culture conversion, defined as two consecutive negative sputum cultures, guides treatment duration. Non-TB mycobacteria (NTM) species are common in the environment but only cause pulmonary disease in certain patients, and the significance of co-isolation of NTM during TB treatment is unclear. We aimed to assess if NTM co-isolation impacts sputum conversion, treatment duration, or outcomes.Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of pulmonary TB patients treated at West Park Healthcare Centre between 2010 and 2020. Demographics, microbiologic data, and clinical outcomes were extracted. Patients with NTM co-isolation were compared to those with TB-alone.Results: Among 771 patients, 284 co-isolated NTM. These patients were older (median 58 vs. 49 years) and more often had diabetes (28.5% vs. 18.7%). They had longer time to sputum culture conversion (56 vs. 45.5 days) and were less likely to achieve sputum culture conversion (73.1% vs. 82.7%). NTM co-isolated patients had more persistent cough and sputum at treatment completion.Conclusion: NTM co-isolation in TB occurs more commonly in older patients, and those with diabetes. Patients who co-isolate NTM during TB treatment are less likely to culture convert, have a longer time to culture conversion, and have more end-of-treatment symptoms.","PeriodicalId":519984,"journal":{"name":"IJTLD open","volume":"3 3","pages":"163-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12991760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147477111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Orbital cellulitis unmasking disseminated TB in a kidney transplant recipient. 肾移植受者眼眶蜂窝织炎暴露播散性结核。

IJTLD open Pub Date : 2026-03-13 eCollection Date: 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0315

H Ghabi, R Belaid, S Tlili, L Rais, F Attia, F Ben Hmida, R Abdelmalek, I Mami, M K Zouaghi

引用次数: 0

Comprehensive care lowers multimorbidity, impairment, disability and absenteeism in people with TB. 综合护理可降低结核病患者的多病、损伤、残疾和缺勤率。

IJTLD open Pub Date : 2026-03-13 eCollection Date: 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0704

F Mavhunga, K Viney, A Baddeley, C M Halleux, G Aslanyan

引用次数: 0

Early interventions reduce multimorbidity and TB disability in Kenya, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. 在肯尼亚、乌干达、赞比亚和津巴布韦，早期干预可减少多病和结核病致残。

IJTLD open Pub Date : 2026-03-13 eCollection Date: 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0656

F M Banda, A Bloom, J Chakaya, R Chimzizi, C Chitalu, C Duri, A D Harries, N Kasese-Chanda, I Kathure, F N Kavenga, A M V Kumar, H Luzze, I Mbithi, M Mputu, A Mubanga, D Mudoola, D Nair, M Ngwenya, S Ntambi, P Thekkur, C Timire, E Tweyongyere, M YaDiul, R Zachariah

{"title":"Early interventions reduce multimorbidity and TB disability in Kenya, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.","authors":"F M Banda, A Bloom, J Chakaya, R Chimzizi, C Chitalu, C Duri, A D Harries, N Kasese-Chanda, I Kathure, F N Kavenga, A M V Kumar, H Luzze, I Mbithi, M Mputu, A Mubanga, D Mudoola, D Nair, M Ngwenya, S Ntambi, P Thekkur, C Timire, E Tweyongyere, M YaDiul, R Zachariah","doi":"10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0656","url":null,"abstract":"Background: We provided early screening and referrals for multimorbidity and absenteeism and assessed changes in these parameters from TB treatment start to completion in health facilities across Kenya, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.Methods: A cohort study in 26 health facilities within national TB programmes.Results: Follow-up was conducted in 1,146 (77%) of 1,497 patients; assessments took a median time of 30 min (interquartile range: 24-36). Symptom prevalence declined from 96% to 9%. Comorbidities (HIV, diabetes/hyperglycaemia, hypertension/high blood pressure) remained stable, while mental health disorders/probable depression decreased from 7% to 4%. Multimorbidity fell markedly; disability (inability to walk 400 m in 6 min) decreased from 20% to 4%; and those with ≥3 multimorbidity conditions decreased from 20% to 8%. Work/school absenteeism declined from 73% to 10%. Overall, referrals for care exceeded 85%, except for silica exposure (23%), smoking (57%), and recreational drug use (46%). Within-facility referrals were nearly 100%, except for silica exposure and disability (∼35%).Conclusion: Early interventions for multimorbidity led to major reductions in symptoms, risk factors, disability, and absenteeism, advocating for integration of patient-centred care throughout the TB care pathway. This multi-country study provides a promising roadmap for progress towards achieving this goal.","PeriodicalId":519984,"journal":{"name":"IJTLD open","volume":"3 3","pages":"177-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12991729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147477962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transitioning to a digital TB case-based surveillance system: a mixed-methods study of the DHIS2 TB e-Tracker system. 向基于病例的数字化结核病监测系统过渡：DHIS2结核病电子追踪系统的混合方法研究

IJTLD open Pub Date : 2026-03-13 eCollection Date: 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0589

M L Darboe, W Samateh, S Jaiteh, L Badjie, L Njie, B Jassey, A Bah, M Njie, S Jarjusey, C K Houessinon, C S C Merle, V Veronese

{"title":"Transitioning to a digital TB case-based surveillance system: a mixed-methods study of the DHIS2 TB e-Tracker system.","authors":"M L Darboe, W Samateh, S Jaiteh, L Badjie, L Njie, B Jassey, A Bah, M Njie, S Jarjusey, C K Houessinon, C S C Merle, V Veronese","doi":"10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0589","url":null,"abstract":"Background: TB surveillance remains critical to disease control. The Gambia transitioned to an electronic, case-based surveillance from monthly aggregate reporting. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, practices, data accuracy, concordance, and system usability following the e-Tracker pilot.Methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted across 11 sites over 6 months. Quantitative data were collected from the District Health Information System 2 aggregate and e-Tracker to calculate verification factor and concordance of data, and in-depth interviews were conducted to understand perceptions, usability challenges, and implementation barriers. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis.Results: Over two thirds of users demonstrated understanding of case-based surveillance. Overall concordance between reports and e-Tracker at the national level was high, and lower accuracy was observed at the facility. While the e-Tracker enabled richer data capture for key indicators, routine use for patient management was limited. Key barriers included inadequate infrastructure, staff turnover, dependence on single users, and variable digital literacy. Most participants reported improved efficiency and optimism.Conclusion: The e-Tracker shows promise for strengthening TB surveillance. To realise its impact, scale-up must capture infrastructure, capacity building, and inputs from frontline staff to ensure sustainability. The study is limited by reliance on self-reported experiences and absence of long-term outcome data.","PeriodicalId":519984,"journal":{"name":"IJTLD open","volume":"3 3","pages":"138-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12991595/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147477357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A call to action: impact of climate change on TB and recovery after TB. 行动呼吁：气候变化对结核病和结核病后康复的影响。

IJTLD open Pub Date : 2026-03-13 eCollection Date: 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.25.0734

A Mabhula, G Hoddinott, H Sohn, C Y Wright, D Evans

引用次数: 0