IJTLD open Pub Date : 2026-10-12 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0237

A Kalra, M Das, A S ThekkePurakkal, T Showket, S Raj, S Prakash, R Dasari, H Solanki, R Rao, V Dhawan, M A Yassin, S S Chadha, U B Singh

{"title":"Managing TB infection among household contacts of patients with pulmonary TB.","authors":"A Kalra, M Das, A S ThekkePurakkal, T Showket, S Raj, S Prakash, R Dasari, H Solanki, R Rao, V Dhawan, M A Yassin, S S Chadha, U B Singh","doi":"10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0237","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One third of India's population has TB infection (TBI) with 10% at risk of developing TB disease. A multi-centric TBI initiative for household contacts (HHCs) of people with pulmonary TB (PTB) was implemented.Methods: The project Joint Effort for Elimination of TB was implemented in collaboration with India's National TB Elimination Programme from April 2021 to March 2024. This included doorstep ruling out of TB disease, screening HHCs for TBI, provision of TB preventive treatment (TPT), and adverse events management.Results: Of the 151,890 notified patients with PTB, 138,812 (91%) could be contacted. Of these, 112,687 (74%) consented to home visits and 94,621 (63%) households were visited. During the visits, 403,923 HHCs were identified, of whom 398,822 (99%) were screened for TBI; 310,605 (77%) consented and 253,885 (63%) initiated on TPT. Adverse events were reported by 3% HHCs with no serious episodes. Of the eligible 148,715 HHCs on TPT, 130,304 (88%) completed with an increasing trend in the TPT completion.Conclusion: This community-based model for TBI management is feasible and effective. High screening and treatment completion rates alongside minimal adverse events prove this strategy is scalable and replicable for other high-burden settings worldwide.","PeriodicalId":519984,"journal":{"name":"IJTLD open","volume":"3 10","pages":"640-646"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13657030/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149187468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trials, tribulations, and formulations in access to new TB drugs for children: learning from rifapentine. 试验、磨难和儿童获得新的结核病药物配方:从rifapentine学习。

IJTLD open Pub Date : 2026-10-12 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0263

A C Hesseling, N Salazar-Austin, M Louey, L van der Laan, M Gombe, T Masini, M Penazzato, I Courtney, A Garcia-Prats, D Tarlton, M Frick

{"title":"Trials, tribulations, and formulations in access to new TB drugs for children: learning from rifapentine.","authors":"A C Hesseling, N Salazar-Austin, M Louey, L van der Laan, M Gombe, T Masini, M Penazzato, I Courtney, A Garcia-Prats, D Tarlton, M Frick","doi":"10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0263","url":null,"abstract":"Historically, there has been considerable delay between stringent regulatory authority approval for new TB drugs in adults, and subsequent trials, registration, and access for children. This has been due to the exclusion of older children from phase 3 trials, the failure to study novel drugs in younger children earlier on, and delays in developing and testing paediatric formulations. Specific barriers include the failure to develop paediatric investigational plans early on, regulatory barriers, inefficient trial design and implementation, limited site capacity, and lack of advocacy and funding. The successful implementation of paediatric clinical trials depend on timely access to appropriate paediatric formulations. We review the delayed evaluation of rifapentine in children and describe barriers, costs in time and resources, and lost opportunities resulting in delayed clinical trials and access in the field, and highlight avoidable delays. Lessons regarding enablers and inhibitors from the rifapentine experience could prevent similar delays in future.","PeriodicalId":519984,"journal":{"name":"IJTLD open","volume":"3 10","pages":"611-617"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13657021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149187502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The burden of multimorbidity in patients with TB-HIV: a retrospective cohort analysis. 结核- hiv患者多重发病的负担：回顾性队列分析。

IJTLD open Pub Date : 2026-10-12 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0114

K J Hill, N C Owaro, C Sekaggya-Wiltshire, P Mubiri, E L A Odongpiny, J Matovu, L Alinaitwe, F Aber, S Mpagama, S E Mills, H R Stagg, D J Sloan

{"title":"The burden of multimorbidity in patients with TB-HIV: a retrospective cohort analysis.","authors":"K J Hill, N C Owaro, C Sekaggya-Wiltshire, P Mubiri, E L A Odongpiny, J Matovu, L Alinaitwe, F Aber, S Mpagama, S E Mills, H R Stagg, D J Sloan","doi":"10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0114","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Multimorbidity (i.e., the co-existence of two or more long-term health conditions [LTCs]) is increasing in high-TB-burden countries. Few studies have estimated the prevalence of multimorbidity in patients with TB, and none in TB-HIV. This retrospective cohort study used HIV clinic data from the Infectious Diseases Institute in Kampala, Uganda, to determine the prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity in patients with TB-HIV at the time of TB diagnosis, and its effect on TB treatment outcomes.Methods: Adults living with HIV and diagnosed with TB between 1 January 2014 and 14 November 2024 were included. Clinical, laboratory, and prescription records were used to categorise LTCs. The prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity were examined and their effect on WHO-defined TB treatment outcomes was assessed using regression models.Results: Among 993 included patients, 76.1% (95% confidence interval: 73.4%-78.8%) had multimorbidity and 34.3% (31.4%-37.4%) had three or more LTCs. Anaemia (52.1%) and undernutrition (34.3%) were most prevalent. Multimorbidity was associated with a 3.70% (-0.35%-7.74%, P = 0.07) absolute increase in the adjusted risk of an unsuccessful treatment outcome.Conclusion: Multimorbidity was highly prevalent at TB diagnosis in this cohort of people with TB-HIV, highlighting the complexity of care required alongside prescription of anti-TB therapy.","PeriodicalId":519984,"journal":{"name":"IJTLD open","volume":"3 10","pages":"624-631"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13657031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149187581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Projected detection of active pulmonary TB through the Japan pre-entry TB screening programme. 预计通过日本入境前结核病筛查计划检测活动性肺结核。

IJTLD open Pub Date : 2026-10-12 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0270

A Ohkado, S Lee, N Yamada

{"title":"Projected detection of active pulmonary TB through the Japan pre-entry TB screening programme.","authors":"A Ohkado, S Lee, N Yamada","doi":"10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0270","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study aimed to estimate the number of bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB (BC-PTB) cases expected to be detected and the number needed to screen (NNS) to detect one BC-PTB case by the Japan Pre-entry Tuberculosis Screening (JPETS) programme.Methods: This descriptive study estimated the number of cases with BC-PTB to be detected and the NNS required to detect one case using the JPETS programme, based on national TB prevalence survey data from the six JPETS target Asian countries and immigration statistics in Japan.Results: Among JPETS applicants, the estimated total number of BC-PTB cases diagnosed per year was 1,997 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1,910-2,086) when adjusted for sex and 1,323 (95% CI: 1,253-1,396) when adjusted for age group. The estimated NNS to identify one BC-PTB case was 227 cases (95% CI: 217-237) when adjusted for sex and 319 cases (95% CI: 302-337) when adjusted for age.Conclusion: The JPETS is projected to identify approximately 1,300 BC-PTB cases per year across six Asian countries. When selecting countries for JPETS, consideration of both the number of TB cases in Japan and the TB prevalence in target countries may enhance screening effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":519984,"journal":{"name":"IJTLD open","volume":"3 10","pages":"647-652"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13657019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149187578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diagnostic accuracy of Pluslife MiniDock MTB on tongue swabs in sputum-scarce people with presumptive TB. 诊断的准确性Pluslife MiniDock MTB sputum-scarce假定的结核病患者的舌拭子。

IJTLD open Pub Date : 2026-10-12 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0182

L Rockman, S M Abdulgader, S Minnies, D Naidoo, A M Chiwaya, W Nwamba, A Okunola, G Theron

引用次数: 0

Asymptomatic and symptomatic recurrence of TB among cured pulmonary TB patients. 肺结核治愈患者的无症状和有症状复发。

IJTLD open Pub Date : 2026-10-12 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0210

M Paradkar, S Gaikwad, C Padmapriyadarsini, M Naik, N Pradhan, R Karyakarte, T Sahasrabudhe, R Lokhande, S Deshmukh, M Barthwal, S Raskar, K Thiruvengadam, A Kakrani, S Krishnan, A Gupte, A Gupta, N Gupte, J E Golub, E A Kendall, V Mave

{"title":"Asymptomatic and symptomatic recurrence of TB among cured pulmonary TB patients.","authors":"M Paradkar, S Gaikwad, C Padmapriyadarsini, M Naik, N Pradhan, R Karyakarte, T Sahasrabudhe, R Lokhande, S Deshmukh, M Barthwal, S Raskar, K Thiruvengadam, A Kakrani, S Krishnan, A Gupte, A Gupta, N Gupte, J E Golub, E A Kendall, V Mave","doi":"10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0210","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Asymptomatic pulmonary TB (PTB), including asymptomatic recurrence, has emerged as a potential contributor to TB transmission.Methods: Participants ≥14 years old from two Indian cohorts with culture-confirmed, drug-sensitive PTB and an outcome of cure were followed up for up to 18 months post treatment completion. We calculated the cumulative incidence and timing of symptomatic TB recurrence and the prevalence of asymptomatic recurrence at two screening time points, and performed Cox-regression analysis.Results: Of 713 culture-confirmed PTB and cure, 60 (8%) experienced confirmed TB recurrence (cumulative incidence: 8.7 [95% confidence interval (CI): 6.6-11.2]/100 person-years), including 40 (66.7%) symptomatic and 20 (33.3%) asymptomatic recurrences. At study visits with scheduled sputum testing, 22 of 35 (63%) TB recurrences diagnosed were asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis. Undernutrition was an independent risk factor for overall TB recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 2.1, 95% CI: 1.1-4.0, P = 0.03). Symptomatic recurrences were associated with age > 35 years (aHR 2.5, 95% CI: 1.3-5.0, P = 0.01), while the risk of asymptomatic recurrences was higher in the age-group of 14-35 years (aHR 2.8, 95% CI: 0.8-9.8, P = 0.10).Conclusions: Among cured PTB patients, 8.4% experienced recurrent TB and one third of recurrences were asymptomatic at diagnosis, highlighting a public health concern due to substantial hidden burden of recurrent TB disease in India.","PeriodicalId":519984,"journal":{"name":"IJTLD open","volume":"3 10","pages":"653-661"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13657022/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149187387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global financing retrenchment threatens the recovery in TB control. 全球资金紧缩威胁到结核病控制的复苏。

IJTLD open Pub Date : 2026-10-12 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0371

F Chen, Y Zhang, L Chen

引用次数: 0

Reply to: Response to the Union's statement on ongoing conflicts and impact on health services. 答复：对欧盟关于持续冲突及其对保健服务影响的声明的答复。

IJTLD open Pub Date : 2026-10-12 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0311

Z Mor, A Rokach, O Wand, M Borow, Z G Fridlender, B D Fox

引用次数: 0

A global community of practice to improve public-private engagement in TB: the TBPPM Learning Network. 促进公私部门参与结核病防治工作的全球实践社区：结核病防治ppm学习网络。

IJTLD open Pub Date : 2026-10-12 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0246

P Heitkamp, S Sheokand, J S Klinton, V Yellappa, M Putturaj, R Ananthakrishnan, A Akinrin, P Thapa, M Pai

{"title":"A global community of practice to improve public-private engagement in TB: the TBPPM Learning Network.","authors":"P Heitkamp, S Sheokand, J S Klinton, V Yellappa, M Putturaj, R Ananthakrishnan, A Akinrin, P Thapa, M Pai","doi":"10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0246","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In many high-TB-burden settings, most people seek initial care from private providers who are often not integrated into national TB programmes. Public-private mix (PPM) strategies are therefore critical, yet difficult to operationalise. Communities of Practice (CoPs) can act as health system enablers and facilitate knowledge exchange, but empirical evidence on their long-term function in disease specific contexts is limited.Methods: We conducted a mixed-methods descriptive analysis of the TBPPM Learning Network (LN) from 2019 to 2025. Quantitative data from routine platform analytics were triangulated with thematic analysis of 53 webinars and 9 Friday Forum topics.Results: The LN engaged over 6,000 TB professionals across more than 130 countries, with over 75% from low- and middle-income countries. It adapted rapidly during the COVID-19 pandemic, strengthened South-South exchange, and supported leadership development among frontline implementers. Six key lessons were identified, including the importance of sustained facilitation, community-building, and adaptability, alongside persistent challenges in translating learning into action in resource-limited settings.Conclusion: A global virtual CoP can function as a scalable mechanism to support knowledge translation, capacity strengthening, and collaboration in complex TB health systems, but sustained investment is required to translate learning into policy and practice.","PeriodicalId":519984,"journal":{"name":"IJTLD open","volume":"3 10","pages":"632-639"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13657026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149187327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pembrolizumab and reactivation of TB: is there a link? 派姆单抗和结核病再激活：有联系吗？

IJTLD open Pub Date : 2026-10-12 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.5588/ijtldopen.26.0341

N Chaturvedi, P Soni, I N Shaikh, S Singhania

引用次数: 0

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