Research square最新文献

{"title":"Mental health problems in pregnancy link maternal history of childhood maltreatment to altered newborn amygdala connectivity.","authors":"Vanessa Babineau, Seonjoo Lee, Zhijun Zhang, Zheshu Jiang, Elizabeth Werner, Jay Ginrich, Jonathan Posner, Bradley Peterson, Catherine Monk","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-10092045/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10092045/v1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Childhood maltreatment affects 25% of the U.S. population and increases risk for psychopathology, including anxiety disorders, across generations. Before postnatal exposures, offspring with a mother who has a history of childhood maltreatment are born with greater functional connectivity in amygdala-prefrontal stress circuits. Similarly, maternal stress during pregnancy associates with both greater positive and greater inverse amygdala-prefrontal connectivity in infants in a sex-specific manner. Altered newborn amygdala-prefrontal circuits that support stress processing may reflect accelerated neural maturation. Prior studies on associations between maternal history of childhood maltreatment and newborn amygdala connectivity adjust for prenatal maternal stress yet have not examined whether these associations are mediated by prenatal maternal stress. Because history of childhood maltreatment strongly correlates with maternal mental health problems during pregnancy, including stress, depression, sleep problems, and pregnancy specific distress, we test whether these problems mediate the association between maternal history of childhood maltreatment and altered newborn amygdala-prefrontal connectivity. Participants (N = 59) report their history of childhood maltreatment and mental health symptoms in the 3rd trimester. We measure resting state functional connectivity using fMRI in infants (mean age = 3.15 ± 1.42 weeks). Prenatal maternal sleep problems mediate associations between maternal history of childhood maltreatment and infant's amygdala connectivity in both sexes. Pregnancy specific distress mediates the associations in males. Overall, females show greater positive connectivity, whereas males show greater inverse connectivity; mediation findings are more consistent in males. Our study provides evidence that prenatal maternal mental health problems - particularly sleep problems and pregnancy specific distress - link maternal history of childhood maltreatment to newborn amygdala connectivity. These findings highlight modifiable prenatal factors for trauma-responsive intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":519972,"journal":{"name":"Research square","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13692590/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149280141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-dimorphic DNA lesion accumulation drives a PDK4 metabolic checkpoint in skeletal muscle.","authors":"Aditi Gurkar, Sriravali Pulipaka, Akanksha Sachan, Zachary Clemens, Kritika Chaddha, Jagruti Kosaraju, Ulalume Hernández-Arciga, Zarifeh Rarani, Augustine George, Emily Madigan, Lillian Williams, Naghmeh Abbasi, Isabel Joyce, Bommana Reddy, Kritika Rao, Savita Khanna, Chandan Sen, Sruti Shiva, Andrey Parkhitko, Eric Goetzman, Michael Jurczak, Daniel Shiwarski, Natalie Gassman, Jishnu Das, Amrita Sahu","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-10972321/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10972321/v1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skeletal muscle loss and functional decline are sexually dimorphic, with fast-twitch type II fibers disproportionately vulnerable to age-related atrophy. DNA damage accumulation is a hallmark of aging whose consequences in myofibers remain poorly understood. Using a type II fiber-specific DNA repair-deficient mouse, we show that the same genotoxic insult produces qualitatively different lesion landscapes by sex, oxidative damage in females and uracil misincorporation in males. Females exhibited greater atrophy pathway activation, paralleling clinical evidence that genotoxic stress disproportionately drives frailty in women. Single- nucleus RNA sequencing and metabolomics identified PDK4 as the key female-specific metabolic driver. Pharmacologic PDK4 inhibition restored oxidative metabolism and myotube health. Dietary α-ketoglutarate, replenishing TCA intermediates downstream of the PDK4 block, rescued contractile force and metabolic profiles in females. Human aging data confirmed conservation of this pathway, revealing a sex-specific mechanism linking DNA damage to metabolic dysfunction and identifying an accessible therapeutic strategy to combat female-predominant frailty.</p>","PeriodicalId":519972,"journal":{"name":"Research square","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13692577/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149280308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baseline prevalence of lung cancer screening and associated factors among women in breast cancer screening clinics prior to the Pink &amp; Pearl program: A retrospective analysis of electronic health records.","authors":"Beryne Odeny, Sridharan Gopalsamy Ramaswamy, Benjamin Bowe, Eyerusalem Zewde, Aren Mnatzakanian, Busayo Akinloye, Thomas Odeny, Michelle V Lee","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-10998785/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10998785/v1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lung cancer screening (LCS) remains underutilized, with 18% uptake nationally, despite established evidence-based guidelines, particularly among women who engage with preventive care through breast cancer screening (BCS). We characterized baseline LCS uptake and its correlates among women receiving BCS at two participating hospitals. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study using six years of electronic health record data (October 2019-November 2025) from Barnes-Jewish West County Hospital and Christian Hospital. Women aged 50-80 with any documented smoking history were included. The primary outcome was LCS uptake, defined as evidence of at least one low-dose computed tomography scan. We conducted multivariable logistic regression models and assessed for effect modification by race and area deprivation using likelihood ratio tests. Results Of 9,686 women with smoking history, 3,209 (33.1%) had received at least one LCS. Pack-year documentation status (AOR 2.90; 95% CI: 2.63, 3.19), tobacco cessation medication use (AOR 2.21; 95% CI: 1.98, 2.48), and current smoking (AOR 1.84; 95% CI: 1.64, 2.07) were the factors most strongly associated with uptake. Non-Hispanic Black women had lower adjusted odds of obtaining LCS compared to non-Hispanic White women (AOR 0.87; 95% CI: 0.78, 0.98); estimates in the smaller pack-year subgroups were similar in direction but imprecise. Alcohol use was associated with lower odds of LCS uptake (0.81, 95% CI: 0.73, 0.89). Effect modification by race and area deprivation were not significant. Conclusions Baseline LCS uptake exceeded the national average; however, racial disparities were observed. Completeness of smoking history documentation, tobacco cessation medication use, and current smoking status were strongly associated with LCS uptake. These findings highlight the need for strategies to improve smoking history documentation and promote tobacco cessation efforts in cancer screening programs and establish the baseline against which the Pink & Pearl program, a co-located breast and lung cancer screening initiative at these sites, will be evaluated.</p>","PeriodicalId":519972,"journal":{"name":"Research square","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13692619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149280173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kat6a functions to protect lower jaw patterning during cellular stress.","authors":"Johann Eberhart, Ritika Ghosal, Mary Swartz, Joanna Liu, Anushree Patel","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-10009504/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10009504/v1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phenotypic outcomes of most birth defects involve complex multifactorial interactions. In humans, heterozygosity for KAT6A or MEF2C causes highly variable syndromes1,2. These syndromes overlap phenotypically with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)2,3,4, with defects to the pharyngeal arches-derived craniofacial skeleton. In zebrafish, we demonstrate that cellular stressors, like ethanol, induce ventral patterning defects specifically in the first pharyngeal arch in kat6a mutants and heterozygotes and result in lower jaw defects. This is striking as anteroposterior and dorsoventral patterning of pharyngeal arches are typically independent. Kat6a regulates hox gene expression for anteroposterior patterning. Bmp/Edn1 signaling and their targets, like dlx genes and hand2, regulate dorsoventral patterning. In exposed kat6a mutants and heterozygotes, Bmp/Edn1 signaling remains intact. However, exposure causes a first arch specific loss of ventral specifiers in mutants and heterozygotes. The overall phenotype resembles loss of mef2ca, which governs dorsoventral patterning independent of Bmp/Edn1. We find that mef2ca is selectively lost in the first pharyngeal arch of exposed kat6a mutants and heterozygotes. CRISPR knockdown of mef2ca phenocopies the effect of exposure in kat6a mutants and heterozygotes. Tissue mosaics confirmed that first arch neural crest specifically require kat6a. Thus, multifactorial interactions reveal an unknown link between pharyngeal arch anteroposterior and dorsoventral patterning.</p>","PeriodicalId":519972,"journal":{"name":"Research square","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13692630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149280229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying the Implementation Research Logic Model (IRLM) as a research planning tool in a multi-project, rural health initiative to improve cardiovascular health service delivery outcomes and quality.","authors":"Sarah Masyuko, Sarah Gimbel, Brian Chan, Todd Korthuis, Audrey L Blewer, Hayden B Bosworth, Monique Starks, Angela G Spencer, Sarah de Loizaga, Andrea Beaton, Anju Sahay, Paul Heidenreich, Katrina F Ortblad, Justin D Smith, Chris T Longenecker","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-10584584/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10584584/v1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Increasingly, domestic and global initiatives are being designed to build synergistic networks of leading researchers to tackle major health challenges. In this case study, we applied the Implementation Research Logic Model (IRLM) to individual projects to enhance collaboration, learning and knowledge generation across a large research network. Methods The ReciPROcal Innovations to Improve Cardiovascular Care in Rural America (Rural PRO-CARE) network, is a five-project initiative funded by the American Heart Association. The network used the IRLM to facilitate implementation planning and learning across projects testing a variety of implementation strategies to improve cardiovascular health outcomes in rural America. A collaborative case study approach identified determinants, implementation strategies, mechanisms and outcomes for each project using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC), and Implementation Outcomes Framework (IOF) respectively. Projects developed causal pathway diagrams to define mechanisms of action for their specified implementation strategies. Semi-structured group interviews using an After-Action Review (AAR) approach, elucidated each teams' understanding of how the IRLM worked, what was successful and how the process could improve. Results Within the first year of the initiative, each project developed an IRLM which provided a visual and theoretical structure for planning, implementation and evaluation. This process identified similarities and differences across projects' determinants, strategies and outcomes. The most frequently identified barriers to effective implementation of cardiovascular health strategies in rural America were high care and insurance costs, complex cardiovascular intervention workforce limitations, limited scope of practice, misaligned external policies, conflicting patient beliefs/knowledge, and lack of readiness for change. The most frequently identified implementation outcomes across projects were reach, followed by acceptability and sustainability/maintenance. From the AAR, all project teams noted greater ease and use of common implementation language and reported linking facilitators and barriers to strategies, mechanisms, and intended outcomes deepened team members' alignment on project goals. New strategies to overcome barriers were highlighted through the IRLM process and specific measures were selected to assess implementation. Conclusion The IRLM strengthened cross-site learning by making common determinants and synergies visible across projects enabling the network to target shared challenges more strategically and improve coordination across the initiative.</p>","PeriodicalId":519972,"journal":{"name":"Research square","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13692599/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149280236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood adversity contributes more strongly than cognition to transdiagnostic mental health symptoms in young adults.","authors":"Mica Komarnyckyj, Marta Litwinczuk, Ryan Shepherd, Tobias Banaschewski, Arun L W Bokde, Rüdiger Brühl, Sylvane Desrivières, Herta Flor, Penny Gowland, Antoine Grigis, Andreas Heinz, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Luise Poustka, Michael N Smolka, Nathalie Holz, Nilakshi Vaidya, Henrik Walter, Robert Whelan, Paul Wirsching, Gunter Schumann, Rebecca Elliott","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-11207066/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11207066/v1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Childhood adversity is associated with a broad range of mental health problems and may contribute to transdiagnostic risk via effects on cognitive development. However, it remains unclear how adversity and cognition jointly contribute to symptoms. Using the IMAGEN community sample (n = 827, mean age = 18.5), we examined cross-sectional associations between adversity, cognition and current symptoms in young adults. Three partial least squares regression models were compared: Adversity-only (threat and deprivation derived from Childhood Trauma Questionnaire); Cognition-only (CANTAB® performance); and combined Adversity-and-Cognition. When modelling symptoms across nine disorders, adversity emerged as the dominant predictor; the Adversity-and-Cognition model provided only modest improvement over Adversity-only for within-sample (R² = 0.189 vs 0.181) and out-of-sample predictive performance (R² = 0.056 vs 0.054). Adversity-and-Cognition showed a disorder-specific predictive value for depression, conduct disorder and hyperactivity/inattention (ADHD symptoms). However, for social phobia, specific phobia, agoraphobia, OCD and PTSD, incorporating cognition did not improve predictive performance beyond adversity alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":519972,"journal":{"name":"Research square","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13692594/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149280054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative analysis of promoter-proximal pausing reveals kinetic and distributional dimensions of variation.","authors":"Xin Zeng, Gilad Barshad, Rebecca Hassett, Edward J Rice, Charles G Danko, Adam Siepel, Yixin Zhao","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-11000542/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11000542/v1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase II is a key regulatory checkpoint in metazoan transcription. Despite extensive study of this process, quantitative methods for comparing pausing dynamics across biological contexts have been lacking. Here we introduce a model-based framework for rigorous comparative analysis of both pause-escape kinetics and pause-site distributions. We apply this framework to public datasets together with newly generated PRO-seq and Micro-C data from primate immune cells, enabling a broad comparison of promoter-proximal pausing across conditions, cell types, and species. Analyses of these datasets revealed striking differences across transcriptional perturbations and distinct patterns of variation in pause-escape kinetics and pause-site distributions across cell types and species, with only weak coupling between them. Integration with chromatin and sequence features showed that lower pause-escape rates are associated with stronger promoter-proximal nucleosome occupancy , whereas changes in pause-site dispersion are associated with sequence features such as GC skew. Together, these results reveal kinetic and distributional dimensions of pausing variation across biological contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":519972,"journal":{"name":"Research square","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13692615/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149280226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paired-pulse tactile stimulation enhances tactile perception in neurotypical but not autistic children.","authors":"Matea Balabanovska, Jason L He, Helen J Powell, Richard A E Edden, Stewart H Mostofsky, Nicolaas A Puts","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-11032804/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11032804/v1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tactile sensory differences are common in autism. Sensory gating, a mechanism by which perception is filtered, is of relevance, yet it is unknown if atypical sensory filtering in autistic people directly impacts the perception of sensory stimuli. In this study we used a novel psychophysical protocol to examine the effect of pre-pulse sub-threshold stimulation on tactile detection thresholds in 8-12 year old autistic (n = 24) and neurotypical (n = 51) children. We used two pre-pulse conditions with either a 30 ms or 100 ms interval. We hypothesised, based on prior work, that sub-threshold stimulation would worsen detection threshold in neurotypical controls whereas the effect of sub-threshold stimulation would be absent in autism. We further hypothesised that the absence of gating would correlate with autism outcomes. Contrary to these expectations, we observed that both pre-pulse stimulation conditions significantly improved detection thresholds in neurotypical children but not autistic children. The improvement is consistent with recent work examining the impact of different pulse types and intervals and reflects the importance of sensory filtering mechanisms on tactile perception. These findings reinforce prior findings that sensory filtering may underlie poorer perceptual capacity in autism. We did not find associations with clinical measures suggesting that the relationship between perceptual and behavioural sensory differences and their relation to autistic traits is complex. This work shows that atypical sensory gating is directly related to differences in perception in autistic children. This work has strong implications for understanding how different brain mechanisms give rise to altered sensory processing, core to autism.</p>","PeriodicalId":519972,"journal":{"name":"Research square","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13692574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149280227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Placental Transfer of Maternal Vaccine-Induced Antibodies Differentially Shapes Fc Receptor Engagement, Antibody Function, and Infant Immunity.","authors":"Maclaine Parish, Rishi Pandey, Anna Yin, Sattya Talukdar, Han-Sol Park, Olyvia Jasset, Laura Ibanez Pintor, Rachel Yinger, Sophia Feinerman, Caroline Bald, Zhaojing Liu, Alison Araten, Lael Yonker, Andrew Pekosz, Andrea Edlow, Sabra Klein","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-10959044/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10959044/v1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maternal vaccination protects mothers directly and infants indirectly through placental transfer of vaccine-induced antibodies. Using multidimensional systems serology across matched maternal, cord blood, and two-month infant samples, we evaluated virus-specific antibody isotypes and functions following maternal influenza and RSV vaccination. The predominant subclass transferred and maintained in infants against H1N1 hemagglutinin (H1) and RSV prefusion (Pre)F was IgG1. Transferred RSV PreF- and H1-specific antibodies exhibited increased neutralization, Fcγ receptor-binding, antibody-dependent complement deposition, and cellular phagocytosis compared with non-transferred maternal antibodies. Although total antibody-dependent neutrophil phagocytosis (ADNP) was comparable between maternal and cord blood for RSV PreF antibodies, RSV PreF, but not H1-specific, FcγRIII-binding antibodies associated with neutrophil phagocytic activity were selectively transferred. Predictive modeling identified distinct correlates of antigen-specific antibody persistence, with maternal and cord blood estradiol emerging as a shared contributor to higher infant IgG1 through two months of age, suggesting estrogenic potentiation of antibody responses in early life.</p>","PeriodicalId":519972,"journal":{"name":"Research square","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13692606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149280169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Pipeline for ADNI Resting-State Functional MRI Processing and Quality Control.","authors":"Saige Rutherford, Zeshawn Zahid, Robert C Welsh, Andrea Avena-Koenigsberger, Dustin B Hammers, Vincent Koppelmans, Amanda F Mejia, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-11132707/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11132707/v1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) provides a comprehensive multimodal neuroimaging resource for studying aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, its resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) data remain underutilized, in part due to challenges with data processing driven by considerable variability in acquisition protocols, inconsistent organization, missing or incomplete imaging sessions, and frequency of data quality issues due to participant motion and aging-related factors. To facilitate widespread use of ADNI rs-fMRI data, we developed an open-source pipeline encompassing the download and organization of imaging and clinical data, conversion to Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS), preprocessing with fMRIPrep, and automated quality control (QC). Our QC considers acquisition parameters and 16 structural and functional MRIQC image-quality metrics, flagging scans that fall outside acceptable ranges based on expert input and robust outlier detection techniques. Processed imaging sessions are matched to temporally aligned clinical assessments to produce an analysis-ready dataset. Applying the pipeline to more than 2,800 sessions from ADNI GO, ADNI 2, and ADNI 3 yielded 2,086 quality-checked functional and structural MRI sessions from 935 unique participants. Exclusions occurred at every processing stage and were driven primarily by BIDS conversion errors, image quality flags, and preprocessing- or motion-related failures. The open-source pipeline described in this work produces one of the largest pre-processed, quality controlled, and analysis-ready functional and structural MRI datasets yet available for studying aging and AD. It lowers barriers to large-cohort and longitudinal neuroimaging research and supports large-scale neuroimaging biomarker discovery in AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":519972,"journal":{"name":"Research square","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13692585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149280148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}