Eye and Brain最新文献_第8页

Neuro-ophthalmological manifestations of tuberous sclerosis: current perspectives 结节性硬化症的神经-眼科表现:目前的观点

IF 4.4

Eye and Brain Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2147/EB.S186306

Michael J. Wan, Kathy Chan, B. Jastrzembski, Asim Ali

引用次数: 10

Giant cell arteritis: early diagnosis is key. 巨细胞动脉炎：早期诊断是关键。

IF 4.4

Eye and Brain Pub Date : 2019-01-17 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/EB.S170388

Iyza F Baig, Alexis R Pascoe, Ashwini Kini, Andrew G Lee

引用次数: 0

Investigating possible retinal biomarkers of head trauma in Olympic boxers using optical coherence tomography. 利用光学相干断层扫描研究奥林匹克拳击手头部创伤可能的视网膜生物标志物。

IF 4.4

Eye and Brain Pub Date : 2018-12-14 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/EB.S183042

Charmaine Childs, Lynne A Barker, Alex Md Gage, Mike Loosemore

{"title":"Investigating possible retinal biomarkers of head trauma in Olympic boxers using optical coherence tomography.","authors":"Charmaine Childs, Lynne A Barker, Alex Md Gage, Mike Loosemore","doi":"10.2147/EB.S183042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/EB.S183042","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Changes to retina have been reported after a number of neurodegenerative conditions. The purpose of this study was to investigate retinal structures in Olympic boxers exposed to frequent head blows.Methods: Retinal imaging offers potential as a non-invasive biomarker of neuropathology. Macula and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness was measured using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in UK Olympic boxers attending two mandatory eye screening programs, 18 months apart. Data from the two eye screenings provide longitudinal data of retinal change over time. Sedentary healthy subjects (controls) without past or present history of concussion were also screened at the time of the second boxer screening to provide comparison of cross-sectional data.Results: Sixteen Olympic boxers aged 20-33 years and 20 sedentary healthy controls, aged 24-45 years, were recruited. Significant macula thickening was observed over time (18 months) in 75% of right and 50% of left eye sectors. For RNFL, left eye quadrants thickened. For right eye RNFL quadrants, thickening and thinning of this layer were observed. Cross-sectional results showed thinner macula sectors and RNFL quadrants in Olympic boxers compared to controls.Conclusion: Significant change to macula and RNFL densities, occurring over an 18 month interval is an unexpected finding in otherwise heathy elite sportsmen. In addition, macula and RNFL were thinner than healthy sedentary controls. OCT may prove clinically useful as a candidate retinal biomarker of neuropathological change after mild traumatic brain injury and/or repeat head blows.","PeriodicalId":51844,"journal":{"name":"Eye and Brain","volume":"10 ","pages":"101-110"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2018-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/EB.S183042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36806029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Optic nerve sheath meningiomas: prevalence, impact, and management strategies. 视神经鞘脑膜瘤:患病率，影响和管理策略。

IF 4.4

Eye and Brain Pub Date : 2018-10-24 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/EB.S144345

Richard T Parker, Christopher A Ovens, Clare L Fraser, Chameen Samarawickrama

引用次数: 42

Curvilinear, symmetrical, and profound pigment deposition on the posterior lens capsule in a patient with bilateral pigmentary dispersion syndrome. 双侧色素分散综合征患者晶状体后囊呈曲线状、对称状、深度色素沉积。

IF 4.4

Eye and Brain Pub Date : 2018-09-13 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/EB.S160999

Julia Canestraro, Jerome Sherman

{"title":"Curvilinear, symmetrical, and profound pigment deposition on the posterior lens capsule in a patient with bilateral pigmentary dispersion syndrome.","authors":"Julia Canestraro, Jerome Sherman","doi":"10.2147/EB.S160999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/EB.S160999","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The classic presentation of pigmentary dispersion syndrome (PDS) often consists of midperipheral iris transillumination defects, Krukenberg's spindle, and dense homogeneous trabecular pigmentation. Other subtle, sometimes overlooked features include pigment on the lens zonules, pigment on the anterior lens capsule and pigment along the equator of the posterior lens capsule.Case: This unique presentation of PDS presented with bilateral, dense, oblique, and symmetrical pigment deposition along the posterior lens capsule that changed in shape, density, and extent over the span of 3 years.Discussion: There have been few reports in the literature that describe a central accumulation of pigment along the posterior lens capsule associated with PDS. There are reported cases of pigment deposition along the central aspect of the posterior lens capsule, some changing over time, although none were bilateral and symmetrical. There are suggestions that perhaps this central pigment deposition is related to a break in the ligament of Weiger, allowing communication between the posterior chamber and posterior lens capsule. This is a case in which curvilinear, symmetrical, and changing pigment deposition on the posterior lens capsule is suggestive of perhaps another key features of PDS.","PeriodicalId":51844,"journal":{"name":"Eye and Brain","volume":"10 ","pages":"79-84"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2018-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/EB.S160999","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36525884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Effects of tDCS-like electrical stimulation on retinal ganglion cells. tdcs样电刺激对视网膜神经节细胞的影响。

IF 4.4

Eye and Brain Pub Date : 2018-08-27 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/EB.S163914

Christianne E Strang, Mary Katherine Ray, Mary M Boggiano, Franklin R Amthor

{"title":"Effects of tDCS-like electrical stimulation on retinal ganglion cells.","authors":"Christianne E Strang, Mary Katherine Ray, Mary M Boggiano, Franklin R Amthor","doi":"10.2147/EB.S163914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/EB.S163914","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been studied in humans for its effects on enhancement of learning, amelioration of psychiatric disorders, and modification of other behaviors for over 50 years. Typical treatments involve injecting 2 mA current through scalp electrodes for 20 minutes, sometimes repeated weekly for two to five sessions. Little is known about the direct effects of tDCS at the neural circuit or the cellular level. This study assessed the effects of tDCS-like currents on the central nervous system by recording effects on retinal ganglion cell responsiveness using the rabbit retina eyecup preparation.Materials and methods: We examined changes in firing to On and Off light stimuli during and after brief applications of a range of currents and polarity and in different classes of ganglion cells.Results: The responses of Sustained cells were consistently suppressed during the first round of current application, but responses could be enhanced after subsequent rounds of stimulation. The observed first round suppression was independent of current polarity, amplitude, or number of trials. However, the light responses of Transient cells were more likely to be enhanced by negative currents and unaffected or suppressed by first round positive currents. Short-duration currents, that is, minutes, as low as 2.5 µA produced a remarkable persistency of firing changes, for up to 1.5 hours, after cessation of current.Conclusion: The results are consistent with postulated tDCS alteration of central nervous system function, which outlast the tDCS session and provide evidence for the isolated retina as a useful model to understand tDCS actions at the neuronal level.","PeriodicalId":51844,"journal":{"name":"Eye and Brain","volume":"10 ","pages":"65-78"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2018-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/EB.S163914","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36488117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Retinal imaging with optical coherence tomography: a biomarker in multiple sclerosis? 视网膜光学相干断层成像:多发性硬化症的生物标志物?

IF 4.4

Eye and Brain Pub Date : 2018-07-31 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/EB.S139417

Fiona Costello, Jodie M Burton

{"title":"Retinal imaging with optical coherence tomography: a biomarker in multiple sclerosis?","authors":"Fiona Costello, Jodie M Burton","doi":"10.2147/EB.S139417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/EB.S139417","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by both inflammatory and degenerative components that affect genetically susceptible individuals. Currently, the cause of MS remains unclear, and there is no known cure. Commonly used therapies tend to target inflammatory aspects of MS, but may not halt disease progression, which may be governed by the slow, subclinical accumulation of injury to neuroaxonal structures in the central nervous system (CNS). A recognized challenge in the field of MS relates to the need for better methods of detecting, quantifying, and ameliorating the effects of subclinical disease. Simply stated, better biomarkers are required. To this end, optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides highly reliable, reproducible measures of axonal damage and neuronal loss in MS patients. OCT-detected decrements in retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and ganglion-cell layer-inner plexiform layer thickness, which represent markers of axonal damage and neuronal injury, respectively, have been shown to correlate with worse visual outcomes, increased clinical disability, and magnetic resonance imaging-measured burden of disease in MS patients. Recent reports have also suggested that OCT-measured microcystic macular edema and associated thickening of the retinal inner nuclear layer represent markers of active CNS inflammatory activity. Using the visual system as a putative clinical model in MS, OCT measures of neuroaxonal structure can be correlated with functional outcomes to help us elucidate mechanisms of CNS injury and repair. In this review, we evaluate evidence from the published literature and ongoing clinical trials that support the emerging role of OCT in diagnosing, staging, and determining response to therapy in MS patients.","PeriodicalId":51844,"journal":{"name":"Eye and Brain","volume":"10 ","pages":"47-63"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2018-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/EB.S139417","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36394920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 58

Neurotrophic keratitis: current challenges and future prospects. 神经营养性角膜炎:当前的挑战和未来的前景。

IF 4.4

Eye and Brain Pub Date : 2018-06-28 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/EB.S117261

Piera Versura, Giuseppe Giannaccare, Marco Pellegrini, Stefano Sebastiani, Emilio C Campos

{"title":"Neurotrophic keratitis: current challenges and future prospects.","authors":"Piera Versura, Giuseppe Giannaccare, Marco Pellegrini, Stefano Sebastiani, Emilio C Campos","doi":"10.2147/EB.S117261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/EB.S117261","url":null,"abstract":"Neurotrophic keratitis (NK) is a degenerative corneal disease caused by damage of trigeminal corneal innervation, which leads to spontaneous epithelial breakdown and corneal ulceration. The impairment of corneal sensory innervation causes the reduction of both protective reflexes and trophic neuromodulators that are essential for the vitality, metabolism, and wound healing of ocular surface tissues. A wide range of ocular and systemic conditions, including herpetic keratitis, ocular chemical burns, corneal surgery, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and neurosurgical procedures, can cause NK by damaging trigeminal innervation. Diagnosis of NK requires careful investigation of any ocular and systemic condition associated with the disease, complete ocular surface examination, and quantitative measurement of corneal sensitivity. The clinical stages of NK range from corneal epithelial alterations (stage 1) to persistent epithelial defect (stage 2) and ulcer (stage 3), which may progress to corneal perforation. Management of NK is based on clinical severity, and the aim of the therapy is to halt the progression of corneal damage and promote epithelial healing. Although several medical and surgical treatments have been proposed, no therapies are currently available to restore corneal sensitivity, and thus, NK remains difficult and challenging to treat. The purpose of this review is to summarize available evidence on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of NK. Novel medical and surgical therapies including the topical administration of nerve growth factor and corneal neurotization are also described.","PeriodicalId":51844,"journal":{"name":"Eye and Brain","volume":"10 ","pages":"37-45"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2018-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/EB.S117261","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36297229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 107

The development of human visual cortex and clinical implications. 人类视觉皮层的发展及其临床意义。

IF 4.4

Eye and Brain Pub Date : 2018-04-24 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/EB.S130893

Caitlin R Siu, Kathryn M Murphy

引用次数: 0

State of the art of robotic surgery related to vision: brain and eye applications of newly available devices. 与视觉相关的机器人手术技术的现状:新设备在大脑和眼睛方面的应用。

IF 4.4

Eye and Brain Pub Date : 2018-02-01 eCollection Date: 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/EB.S148644

Raffaele Nuzzi, Luca Brusasco

{"title":"State of the art of robotic surgery related to vision: brain and eye applications of newly available devices.","authors":"Raffaele Nuzzi, Luca Brusasco","doi":"10.2147/EB.S148644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/EB.S148644","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Robot-assisted surgery has revolutionized many surgical subspecialties, mainly where procedures have to be performed in confined, difficult to visualize spaces. Despite advances in general surgery and neurosurgery, in vivo application of robotics to ocular surgery is still in its infancy, owing to the particular complexities of microsurgery. The use of robotic assistance and feedback guidance on surgical maneuvers could improve the technical performance of expert surgeons during the initial phase of the learning curve.Evidence acquisition: We analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of surgical robots, as well as the present applications and future outlook of robotics in neurosurgery in brain areas related to vision and ophthalmology.Discussion: Limitations to robotic assistance remain, that need to be overcome before it can be more widely applied in ocular surgery.Conclusion: There is heightened interest in studies documenting computerized systems that filter out hand tremor and optimize speed of movement, control of force, and direction and range of movement. Further research is still needed to validate robot-assisted procedures.","PeriodicalId":51844,"journal":{"name":"Eye and Brain","volume":"10 ","pages":"13-24"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/EB.S148644","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35828700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18