Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies最新文献

{"title":"Simulation of the Keureuto Dam collapse disaster based on flood distribution.","authors":"Wesli Wesli, Fadhliani Fadhliani, Nanda S Ersa","doi":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.2045","DOIUrl":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.2045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dams play a vital role in supporting agricultural productivity, water supply and flood control in Indonesia. However, their structural failure poses serious threats to human safety and regional development. This study integrates hydrological and hydraulic modelling as part of a comprehensive disaster risk mitigation strategy, focusing on the Keureuto Dam in North Aceh, Indonesia. The dam, a 74-m-high earthfill structure with a total storage capacity of 215.94 million m³, presents significant downstream flood risk in the event of structural collapse disaster risk mitigation. Using the HEC-RAS 5.0.7 model, a dam breach scenario was simulated under overtopping conditions based on Froehlich's empirical equations. The simulation results revealed a maximum flood depth of 19.577 m, a peak flow velocity of 1.387 m/s and an inundation area of approximately 49.91 km² affecting 84 villages across four sub-districts.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>Beyond quantifying flood characteristics, this study emphasises a decision-support tool for disaster preparedness, enabling hazard mapping, evacuation planning and the development of early warning systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":51823,"journal":{"name":"Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"2045"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13543144/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148898262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On dedicated institutions and funding to support disaster risk reduction: Reflections on local instrumentation in Chile.","authors":"Ricardo Fuentealba, J C Gaillard","doi":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.1985","DOIUrl":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.1985","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stakeholders often justify limited disaster risk reduction (DRR) action by citing insufficient funding and a lack of dedicated legislation and institutional infrastructure. This has changed thanks to the Hyogo and Sendai Frameworks, as national governments have created dedicated DRR ministries or agencies, resulting in widespread policy adoption and funding increases. Evidence shows these institutionalisations can instrumentalise DRR under neoliberal agendas driven by international donors. This article, however, highlights how the fixation on dedicated laws, institutions and funding has produced a siloed DRR policy. Using Chile as a case, and the implementation of the Law 21.364, it describes the instrumentation created to deal with disasters at the local level, including DRR and emergency plans, as well as new functions and municipal structures. Given Chile's subnational governance, municipalities are forced to self-fund a policy issue that is not prioritised, and it leads to the separation of risk reduction, climate change and development into discrete sectors. This obsession with everything-should-be-dedicated results in a fragmentation that diverts attention from the structural causes of risk creation embedded in neoliberal development.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>The analysis emphasises the need to rethink dedicated DRR institutionalism towards integrated, adaptive approaches addressing underlying risk drivers rather than isolated sectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":51823,"journal":{"name":"Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"1985"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13543127/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148898400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimising local institutional role for sustainable community preparedness in Krinjing: The slope of Merapi Volcano.","authors":"Dewi L Setyowati, Syamsul Bachri, Andi I Benardi, Bayu Wijayanto, Sriyono Sriyono, Atta-Ur Rahman, Fajar Wulandari, Jaka P Rahmajati","doi":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.2142","DOIUrl":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.2142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effectiveness of local institutions in disaster-prone areas is often assessed with a bias towards administrative aspects or social solidarity alone, without in-depth operational evaluation. This study audits the internal performance of the Disaster Risk Reduction Organisation or Organisasi Pengurangan Risiko Bencana (OPRB) in Krinjing Village, Magelang, facing the threat of Merapi Volcano's eruption. Using a quantitative descriptive approach with purposive sampling, data were collected through a closed-ended questionnaire administered to 12 key structural informants, followed by in-depth interviews to contextualise the findings. The results showed a significant difference: the OPRB demonstrated superior tactical capacity in the emergency response phase, driven by social capital and logistical independence. However, this advantage is inversely proportional to the pre-disaster phase, marked by top-down planning and minimal participation. In the post-disaster phase, the OPRB showed the lowest performance in monitoring and evaluation, breaking the organisational learning cycle. These findings indicate that the OPRB does not currently function as an adaptive resilience organisation. To transform this capacity, the study formulates three institutional engineering strategies: institutionalising disaster management in the RPJMDes document, formalising local wisdom and decentralising authority. These approaches are expected to close the managerial gap and achieve sustainable community resilience on Merapi's slopes.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>This research fills a practical and theoretical gap by demonstrating how the dominance of top-down approaches in local disaster management stifles grassroots resilience, despite strong informal social capital during emergencies. Its primary contribution is a phase-specific evaluation and a strategic transformation model to institutionalise resilience, directly supporting the journal's scope of disaster risk reduction and resilience.</p>","PeriodicalId":51823,"journal":{"name":"Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"2142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13543248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148898116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring psychological preparedness for volcanic hazards in early childhood education: A sequential explanatory mixed-methods approach in Ternate Island.","authors":"Dewi M Ummah, Koentjoro Soeparno, Muh Aris Marfai, Pradytia P Pertiwi","doi":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.2127","DOIUrl":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.2127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Small volcanic islands are characterised by high hazard exposure and structural vulnerability, conditions that may increase psychological risks for young children. Although disaster preparedness has received increasing attention in early childhood education (ECE), psychological preparedness in volcanic small-island settings remains underexplored. This mixed-methods study examined psychological preparedness among ECE stakeholders on Ternate Island, Indonesia, using survey data from 127 participants and six focus group discussions within the <i>tripusat pendidikan</i> framework of family, school and community. Participants demonstrated moderate to high levels of psychological preparedness across stakeholder groups. Within-individual factors (WIF) showed the highest mean score (<i>M</i> = 22.94, s.d. = 5.69), followed by individual-institutional factors (IIF) (<i>M</i> = 6.46, s.d.= 1.94) and between-individual factors (BIF) (<i>M</i> = 1.89, s.d. = 1.07). No significant differences were found among teachers, parents and community members (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Qualitative findings revealed culturally embedded coping resources, including self-efficacy, religious meaning-making and collective coping, alongside limited eruption-specific knowledge, weak emotional regulation strategies and inconsistent communication across relational and institutional levels. Integrated findings indicate an ecological asymmetry in preparedness, whereby strong individual resilience coexists with weaker relational and institutional coordination. Psychological preparedness appears to depend more on cultural coping systems and shared community experiences than on formal disaster governance.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>These findings highlight the need to strengthen coordination across the <i>tripusat pendidikan</i> ecosystem to foster sustainable and child-centred psychological preparedness in volcanic small-island communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":51823,"journal":{"name":"Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"2127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13543279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148898411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing coastal vulnerability to erosion and storm surges: The case of Richards Bay, South Africa.","authors":"Suvana Alakram, David W Hedding","doi":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.2119","DOIUrl":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.2119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sandy beaches are dynamic in nature and subject to natural and anthropogenic processes that influence their evolution. One of the key drivers of coastal evolution is coastal erosion. Sandy beaches are more susceptible to erosion because their fine sand is easily erodible. As approximately 80% of South Africa's coastline consists of sandy beaches, including environmentally sensitive dune systems, an impetus is to improve our knowledge and understanding of processes in the coastal zone to aid in coastal zone management and planning for future hazards. This research integrated geographical information systems, remote sensing and modelling techniques to determine the interrelationships between the spatial and temporal dynamics of shoreline change along the Richards Bay coastline in South Africa. Shoreline positions were quantified over 45 years between 1977 and 2022 using the United States Geological Survey's Digital Shoreline Analysis System. The historical data were then used to estimate shoreline positions 10 years and 20 years into the future using the extrapolated linear regression method. The study revealed persistent erosion north of the harbour, with accretion occurring south of the harbour. Furthermore, the storm surge analysis revealed that a 10 m surge inundated 82% of the study area.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>This serves as an important source of information for flood risk analysis and disaster management within and around the Port of Richards Bay, South Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":51823,"journal":{"name":"Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"2119"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13444007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148686700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing school preparedness for disaster resilience: Integrating Gender, Disability, and Social Inclusion (GEDSI) in the safe school programme.","authors":"Muhammad Musiyam, Siti H N Hafida, Siti Aisyah","doi":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.1927","DOIUrl":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.1927","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Schools play a critical role in disaster risk reduction; however, preparedness efforts often overlook the unequal vulnerabilities associated with Gender, Disability, and Social Inclusion. This study addresses the lack of empirical evidence on how inclusively disaster preparedness is implemented within school-based disaster management structures, particularly the Safe School Disaster Unit (SSDU). Using a quantitative survey design, data were collected from senior high schools to assess levels of SSDU readiness, the integration of Gender, Disability, and Social Inclusion (GEDSI) principles and the relationship between these two dimensions. This study used a quantitative design. Data were collected through questionnaires from 995 respondents across five schools and analysed using regression analysis. The findings reveal substantial variation in preparedness across schools, with public schools generally demonstrating higher levels of SSDU readiness and GEDSI integration than private schools. Statistical analysis further indicates a positive association between stronger SSDU implementation and higher levels of GEDSI integration, suggesting that schools with more established disaster management systems are better positioned to adopt inclusive practices. These results highlight persistent gaps in inclusive disaster preparedness and underscore the need to strengthen institutional systems and policies that embed GEDSI principles within school disaster risk reduction initiatives. The study contributes empirical evidence to inform more equitable and resilient safe school programming.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>Disaster risk reduction strategies in school environments have so far focused on physical and structural aspects, whereas, on the other hand, there are aspects that have not been studied, such as Gender, Disability, and Social Inclusion. Therefore, it is important to know the implementation of safe schools by focusing on aspects of Gender, Disability, and Social Inclusion in order to realise school resilience to disasters in a fair, equal and sustainable manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":51823,"journal":{"name":"Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"1927"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13348077/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing flood evacuation behaviour through Serious Disaster Game (SDG): Flood Alert!","authors":"Furqan I Aksa, Muhammad Ashar, Heni W Siswanto","doi":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.2005","DOIUrl":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.2005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Disaster education has been using a conventional module-based approach, which is only a one-way information transfer process. This research aims to develop and test the Serious Disaster Games (SDG): Flood Alert to improve flood evacuation behaviour and intrinsic motivation as measured by two indicators, namely knowledge about best evacuation practices and self-efficacy in dealing with flood emergencies. This research used a one-group pre-test-post-test design involving 45 students. The results showed that the SDG: Flood Alert effectively improved students' knowledge and self-efficacy about flood disasters. Most students were able to respond well to actions before, during and after a flood event. Students are confident that they can effectively respond during flooding emergencies. Students with high self-efficacy tend to take protective actions in the face of disasters. The result of the intrinsic motivation assessment found that students enjoy learning by using the SDG: Flood Alert!</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>This study contributed towards enhancement of students' knowledge regarding flood disasters. It was achieved by using the SDG: Flood Alert, which is designed using experiential learning cycle theory, and provides a fun learning experience for students. The SDG: Flood Alert has the potential to be used as a flood disaster learning media for students in flood-prone areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":51823,"journal":{"name":"Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"2005"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13347691/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disaster mitigation based on Minangkabau indigenous knowledge in social studies learning.","authors":"Sri Rahayu, Faishal Yasin, Ade Pratama, Rinel Fitlayeni, Annissa Amini, Maulana A Pratama","doi":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.2047","DOIUrl":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.2047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Indonesia ranks among the world's most disaster-prone countries due to its location within the Pacific Ring of Fire. West Sumatra, in particular, frequently experiences earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, flash floods, and hydrometeorological hazards. These recurring disasters highlight the urgent need for mitigation strategies that integrate scientific approaches with traditional indigenous knowledge. This study explores the potential of Minangkabau indigenous knowledge as a source of values, knowledge, and socio-cultural practices that can be incorporated into social studies (IPS) learning to enhance students' disaster literacy. Using a qualitative descriptive-analytical design, data were collected through a literature review, classroom observations, in-depth interviews with teachers, students, traditional leaders, and disaster management officials, and documentation of curricula, lesson plans, and cultural practices. The data were analysed using Miles and Huberman's interactive model through reduction, display, and verification. Findings reveal that Minangkabau indigenous knowledge encompasses technical, social, spiritual, and ecological dimensions. Technically, <i>Rumah Gadang</i> architecture embodies earthquake-resistant principles through its flexible wooden-peg construction. Socially, oral traditions transmit collective memories of past disasters to strengthen community preparedness. Spiritually, proverbs such as <i>alam takambang jadi guru</i> [nature as the ultimate teacher] nurture ecological awareness and moral reflection. Ecologically, the <i>rimbo larangan</i> [sacred forest] system supports environmental sustainability and flood prevention. Integrating these dimensions into social studies through project-based learning, folklore documentation, and culture-based disaster simulations enhances students' disaster literacy while preserving cultural identity.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>This study contributes to disaster education by linking traditional ecological knowledge with modern mitigation science and proposing a culture-based learning model that promotes resilience, environmental empathy, and sustainability aligned with the Sendai Framework and UNESCO's Education for Sustainable Development goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":51823,"journal":{"name":"Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"2047"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13347743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pilot application of a sustainable and disaster-resilient infrastructure assessment framework: Evidence from Bandung, Indonesia.","authors":"Aden Firdaus, Krishna S Pribadi, Muhamad Abduh, Saut A Sagala","doi":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.2034","DOIUrl":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.2034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urban infrastructure in developing countries faces mounting pressures to achieve both sustainability and disaster resilience amid limited data and institutional capacity. This study presents the first empirical application of a Sustainable and Disaster-Resilient Infrastructure (SDRI) assessment framework to the road and bridge network of Bandung, Indonesia. Using secondary data from the Bandung City Government, the National Disaster Management Agency, and the Central Bureau of Statistics, complemented by expert interpretation, the framework evaluates seven dimensions - risk, vulnerability, resistance, recovery time, social, economic and environmental. The assessment reveals a highly unbalanced profile: while Bandung demonstrates strong reactive capacities in the recovery time (3.29) and social (3.62) dimensions, its proactive components, such as risk (0.00) and vulnerability (0.43), remain critically weak. The city's infrastructure thus exhibits resilience in restoring function after disruption but lacks anticipatory strength to mitigate risks beforehand. Economic fragility (1.50) and the absence of integrated hazard-based planning further constrain systemic resilience. Methodologically, the study validates the SDRI framework's feasibility for data-limited contexts and its adaptability across infrastructure types. The findings underscore the need to transition from reactive repair-based practices towards proactive, risk-informed, and adaptively governed infrastructure planning.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>By operationalising the sustainability-resilience nexus within an actual municipal context, this research bridges the gap between conceptual frameworks and practical assessment, offering a replicable approach for urban policymakers seeking to institutionalise resilience in sustainable infrastructure development.</p>","PeriodicalId":51823,"journal":{"name":"Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"2034"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13348376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustaining the helpers: Mixed methods study of volunteers' resilience in coastal disaster Java.","authors":"Yuli A Dewi, Koentjoro Soeparno, Pradytia P Pertiwi, Mizan B F Bisri","doi":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.2086","DOIUrl":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.2086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recurrent climate-driven flooding in the low-lying coastal communities of Demak, Central Java, significantly strains local capacity and tests disaster volunteer resilience. Following two major floods in March 2024, Indonesian Red Cross (PMI) volunteers engaged in a 2-month emergency response. This sequential explanatory mixed methods study investigated the levels of volunteer resilience and the multisystem factors that support them. A survey was conducted with 69 PMI volunteers (aged 18-55 years) using an adapted Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), followed by semi-structured interviews with 17 participants, including volunteers, family members and PMI staff. Descriptive statistical and thematic analyses were used, and the findings were integrated through a joint display. Findings indicated that 63.8% of participants exhibited moderate resilience, with personal competence and internal trust showing relatively higher prominence. The qualitative findings identified five themes contributing to disaster volunteer resilience: personal competence, spirituality, cultural values, emotional support and functional support.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>This study extends disaster risk scholarship by showing that disaster volunteer resilience in a flood-prone coastal setting is sustained through multisystem interactions rather than individual capacity alone. The integration of quantitative and qualitative findings highlights resilience resources that are not fully captured by standard quantitative indicators, including culturally rooted values, familial support, collective spirituality and organisational functional support. These findings provide context-specific insights for strengthening affiliated volunteer support in disaster risk reduction and humanitarian response.</p>","PeriodicalId":51823,"journal":{"name":"Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"2086"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13243898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148213261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}