Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies最新文献

{"title":"Flood vulnerability in township informal settlements.","authors":"Sazi W Gcabashe, Sareesha Pillay","doi":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.1833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v18i1.1833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Migration has shaped townships into hubs of urban informality that are characterised by the propagation of informal settlements. With their expansion, informal settlements have become increasingly vulnerable to the devastating impacts of hazards. This article explored factors that influence flood vulnerability in township informal settlements in the NMBM. Framed by the Integrated Vulnerability Approach by McEntire, the study collected secondary data sources from reputable online repositories and digital media platforms using keywords. Data were analysed through thematic analysis. The findings reveal that flood vulnerability in the case study is conceived by a combination of the nature and location of informal settlements. The population characteristics of informal settlement dwellers and the marginalisation of infrastructural public service drive them to occupy hazard prone vacant land in 'stressed areas'. Despite the risk factor of their hazard-prone locations, informal settlement dwellers hold a 'sense of place' because of socioeconomic locational advantage and cultural resonance with their settlements that keeps them in their settlements. The study contends that flood vulnerability in informal settlements in townships occurs in combination of biophysical and social vulnerability. The study recognises that the population characteristics of the informal settlements are influenced by migration and its resultant socioeconomic conditions for low-skilled migrants.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>The study demonstrates that the conception of informal settlements in townships and the legacies thereof are key origins of the infrastructural, public service delivery socioeconomic deficits in these settlements that drive the interactions of biophysical and social vulnerabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":51823,"journal":{"name":"Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"1833"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13058519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tsunami disaster resilience through dramatisation of local wisdom: The performance of Nandong Smong by Acehnese high school students in Simeulue regency, Indonesia.","authors":"Daska Aziz, Suhendro Suhendro, Novia Zalmita, Cut Vita R Jummi, M Hafizul Furqan","doi":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.1978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v18i1.1978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nandong Smong represents a vital element of Aceh's local cultural wisdom that has long contributed to community-based tsunami risk reduction. Following the devastating 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, disaster mitigation initiatives have been integrated into school curricula, with innovative pedagogical approaches gaining prominence. This study explores the use of drama, specifically role-playing, to express and revitalise Nandong Smong as a medium for strengthening tsunami disaster resilience among high school students. An experimental design employing a pre-test-post-test group and a quantitative analytical approach was used to assess the effectiveness of the intervention. The results demonstrate that the role-playing model significantly improved students' tsunami disaster resilience, with a contribution rate of 57.54%. The results highlight the potential for integrating local wisdom into creative learning strategies and suggest that similar approaches can be adopted in other disaster-prone coastal schools to enhance preparedness and resilience.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>The contribution of this research lies in its innovative integration of Nandong Smong local wisdom with drama-based role-playing learning as a practical non-structural mitigation strategy for high school students. This study demonstrates how culturally rooted narratives can be transformed into interactive learning experiences that enhance disaster awareness, preparedness and adaptive capacity among vulnerable groups in schools. Bridging traditional knowledge with contemporary pedagogical methods, this study provides a transferable framework that can be adapted to other tsunami-prone coastal communities. The findings highlight the potential of transformative, culturally responsive educational approaches to strengthen community resilience and sustain intergenerational disaster knowledge.</p>","PeriodicalId":51823,"journal":{"name":"Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"1978"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13058576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147647158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of the impact of climate-related displacements on food and water security in Mozambique and Zimbabwe.","authors":"Sindiso Ndlovu, Gracsious Maviza","doi":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.1965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v18i1.1965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate-related displacements in Southern Africa have escalated because of an increasing frequency and severity of extreme weather events, particularly cyclones, floods and droughts. Mozambique and Zimbabwe are among the most affected countries, where repeated climate shocks have displaced communities and disrupted critical livelihood systems. However, evidence on how these displacement processes specifically influence food and water security remains insufficiently synthesised. This study examines this gap through a systematic review guided by the question: How do climate-related displacement events affect food and water security among populations in Mozambique and Zimbabwe? Following the PRISMA framework, 32 peer-reviewed studies published between 2010 and 2024 were identified using PICO-derived search terms. Studies were included if they explicitly examined displacement and its implications for food and water security. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used to assess methodological quality, and a Most Similar Systems Design (MSSD) approach enabled comparison of governance responses shaping outcomes for displaced populations. Findings indicate that climate-related displacement intensifies socio-economic vulnerabilities, reduces access to land and safe water, and heightens resource competition in receiving areas. These pressures undermine household food availability, dietary diversity and water reliability, while increasing exposure to protection risks. Weak institutional capacity and inconsistent policy frameworks further constrain sustainable recovery. This review advances knowledge by synthesising dispersed evidence and identifying critical gaps in governance, planning and service provision.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>It emphasises the need for integrated, human-security-oriented interventions that strengthen resilience, safeguard essential resources and ensure displaced populations are effectively included in national adaptation and disaster-risk-reduction strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51823,"journal":{"name":"Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"1965"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12969584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147437617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'A successful re-blocking project is when the government works hand in hand with the community': Factors determining the longevity of re-blocking projects for fire-risk reduction.","authors":"Siyachuma S Sintu, Robyn Pharoah","doi":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.2017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v18i1.2017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Informal settlements are highly vulnerable to fires, due to housing materials, poor infrastructure, dangerous energy sources and housing densities that facilitate the spread of fires and hamper firefighting. Re-blocking aims to reduce fire risk by spatially reconfiguring and de-densifying settlements and upgrading services. However, re-blocked settlements often re-densify, potentially undermining long-term risk reduction benefits. Using case studies of two re-blocked informal settlements, this study aims to explore informal settlement dwellers' perspectives on re-blocking interventions and identify the factors influencing their long-term success, especially the dynamics leading to re-densification. A qualitative research approach was used, employing a comparative case study design. Data were collected through 10 in-depth semi-structured key-informant interviews with officials, implementers and community leaders, and six focus groups (three in each community) involving 84 participants selected based on involvement in the process. The findings suggest that the primary reason for re-densification was that the allocated housing spaces were too small for households' needs or growth. Others included opportunism and push for better housing conditions. Although participation was intended, some residents felt the process was rushed or exclusive and that decision-making neglected their needs, leading to dissatisfaction that could reduce the longevity of spatial changes. The findings suggest the long-term effectiveness hinges on addressing beneficiaries' core needs and expectations. Ultimately, deep, inclusive and unrushed community engagement is crucial to capture diverse needs, ensure sustainable outcomes and achieve intended risk reduction benefits.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>This research fills a practical gap by examining the underlying non-fire safety factors that drive re-densification and provide insight into how re-blocking interventions can be improved.</p>","PeriodicalId":51823,"journal":{"name":"Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"2017"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12969522/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147437554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The integration of local stilt house architecture in natural disaster mitigation education in South Sumatra, Indonesia.","authors":"Yusni Arni, Elsi A Fitri, Chika Rahayu, Darsin Darsin","doi":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.1987","DOIUrl":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.1987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The areas of Sumatra are multidisaster-prone zones, especially to floods and earthquakes. However, these regions also preserve local wisdom, particularly through stilt house architecture, which serves as a community-based adaptive strategy. This study aims to explore the function of local stilt houses as a form of disaster mitigation and assess the younger generation's knowledge regarding the functional and philosophical aspects of stilt houses, as well as their potential for integration into disaster education. A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving in-depth observations and interviews with community figures, along with the distribution of questionnaires to 158 students across South Sumatra. The study findings show that traditional stilt houses not only withstand flood and earthquake risks but also reflect socio-cultural, spiritual and environmental sustainability values. Their structural designs, use of local materials, house orientation and tiered-room concept serve as clear representations of ethnoscience in local architectural practice. The questionnaire results indicate that the majority of the younger generation possesses moderate to high understanding of the social and functional aspects of stilt houses but lacks sufficient knowledge of their symbolic and technical dimensions. These findings highlight the importance of integrating local knowledge into disaster education curricula to strengthen community resilience from an early age and preserve proven cultural adaptations to disaster risk.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>This article contributes to disaster risk reduction efforts by integrating the local wisdom of stilt house architecture into science education. It promotes a culturally grounded approach to flood and earthquake mitigation through the use of ethnoscience in educational contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":51823,"journal":{"name":"Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"1987"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12869454/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146127334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Policy coherence for development as a potential framework for creating synergies between disaster risk reduction, climate change and food security: A theoretical review.","authors":"Samukelisiwe A Myeni, Christo Coetzee, Leandri Kruger","doi":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.1837","DOIUrl":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.1837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article examines the potential of policy coherence for development (PCD) as a framework for addressing the complex nexus between disaster risk reduction (DRR), climate change (CC) and food security (FS) in the context of Eswatini. While the interdependence of these domains has been recognised in theory and practice, policy responses in developing countries remain fragmented, resulting in duplication, inefficiency and weak implementation. Using an extensive literature review, the article conceptualises PCD and evaluates its capacity to provide horizontal and vertical policy integration, strengthen inter-ministerial and multi-stakeholder collaboration and align financial and operational mechanisms across governance systems. Five dimensions of policy coherence - conceptual, strategic, institutional, operational and financial - are employed to interrogate Eswatini's fragmented governance landscape, where more than a dozen policies and frameworks exist but fail to translate into coordinated outcomes in managing the DRR, CC and FS nexus. In Eswatini, where over 70% of the population relies on subsistence agriculture and recurrent drought exacerbates poverty and food insecurity, embedding PCD principles into policy-making structures could bridge the gap between ambitious developmental agendas and local implementation realities.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>The study concludes that institutionalising PCD can enhance resilience by integrating DRR, CC and FS policies, fostering joint accountability among a wide array of societal role players and enabling more efficient resource allocation. By moving from conceptual recognition to practical implementation, PCD provides a pathway towards sustainable development and improved governance of the DRR, CC and FS nexus in Eswatini.</p>","PeriodicalId":51823,"journal":{"name":"Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"1837"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12869530/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146127349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An urban flood-risk assessment of South Jakarta, Indonesia: A methodological approach through frequency ratio, receiver operating curve and analytic hierarchy process.","authors":"Diana Puspitasari, Dyah R Hizbaron, Estuning T W Mei","doi":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.1873","DOIUrl":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.1873","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The main objective of this research is to conduct an urban flood-risk assessment approach for South Jakarta, Indonesia. Flood susceptibility was modelled using the frequency ratio (FR) method and validated with the receiver operating characteristic-area under the curve (ROC-AUC). Vulnerability was assessed using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) across four domains: physical, economic, environmental and social. We used high-resolution spatial data (1:25 000) and a historical flood inventory to produce rapid, urban-scale risk information where conventional datasets are limited. The susceptibility map shows three classes: low, medium and high; the combined risk map indicates that most of the study area is at medium risk (108.64 km², or 74.550%), low (37.08 km² or 25.447%) and high (0.004 km² or 0.003%). Vulnerability analysis identifies residential areas, critical infrastructure and key service zones as the most exposed elements. Susceptibility, vulnerability and risk are the three essential parameters incorporated into the spatial planning analysis to ensure comprehensive evaluation. The findings identify protection zones with particular risk levels, which require targeted mitigation strategies for any future development initiatives. Furthermore, this study highlights that the integration of FR, ROC-AUC and AHP provides reliable and operational flood-risk assessments that can be effectively incorporated into spatial planning and development policies in data-constrained urban settings.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>This study presents an innovative and practical framework for urban flood-risk assessment, combining FR, ROC-AUC and AHP to evaluate flood susceptibility and vulnerability in South Jakarta, Indonesia. Leveraging high-resolution geospatial data at a detailed 1:25 000 scale, it addresses critical data gaps and equips policymakers with actionable tools to integrate risk sensitive strategies into urban spatial planning for further mitigation. The findings, revealing 74.55% of the area at medium flood risk, set a benchmark for advancing disaster resilience and sustainable urban development, offering valuable applications for other rapidly urbanising, data-constrained regions globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":51823,"journal":{"name":"Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"1873"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12869498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146127187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altruism and its relationship to resilience during disaster.","authors":"Bethany L Van Brown, Brenda K Vollman","doi":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.2028","DOIUrl":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.2028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies positively correlate altruism and prosocial behaviour during routine times, yet unexpected environmental triggers (like a disaster) for prosocial and altruistic behaviour are underexplored. People who score highly on the self-reported altruism scale (SRA) are more likely to engage in volunteer activities such as donating blood. What about altruistic and prosocial behaviour during a disaster triggered by natural hazards? What are the characteristics of altruists? Respondents at three different universities were provided with an electronic link via email to complete the survey anonymously, making a total sample size of 182. The data are derived from responses to a longer survey entitled 'COVID-19 and Risk Perception'. The original purpose of that survey was to explore how perception of risk (to COVID-19) may or may not impact people's behaviour and included the SRA. Descriptive assessments of all variables were conducted, as well as crosstabs with analysis of variance comparing several means. Data from our study support our hypothesis that people with higher levels of altruism are more likely to engage in pandemic-related helping behaviour. Data also show that the majority of our sample engage in helping behaviour, though the most altruistic and more intrusive (greatest cost) acts were the least common.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>These are valuable findings for our collective understanding of the nuances of prosocial behaviour. Findings from this study also revealed that people scoring highly on the SRA reported barriers to practising prosocial behaviour. Better understanding these barriers may enable us to eliminate them.</p>","PeriodicalId":51823,"journal":{"name":"Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"2028"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12869446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146127234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of social vulnerability to floods in the Samin watershed, Indonesia.","authors":"Suryanto Suryanto, Sofyan Sholeh, Rahning Utomowati, Agung Hidayat","doi":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.1947","DOIUrl":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.1947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Floods are a natural hazard that has a major impact on society because of deaths, injuries, property damage, and economic losses. In the context of exposure to flooding, there is a gap between communities or individuals in each region in responding to and dealing with its impacts because of differences in demographic characteristics, regional structure, availability of facilities, and existing disaster prevention and management efforts. In this study, we assessed social vulnerability to flooding in the Samin watershed using the social vulnerability index (SoVI). Social vulnerability index is a quantitative measure that is widely applied to evaluate social vulnerability. This study compiles the stages of indicator selection, data collection, statistical analysis and normalisation, determination of indicator weights and dimensions using principal component analysis, aggregation of indicators, construction of SoVI, and mapping of results. The results show that dimensions related to demographics and exposure are the causes of the majority of social vulnerability variability. Other important dimensions include the socio-economic dimension and growth ratio.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>Spatial data-based social vulnerability measurement can be used by the government as a basis for formulating flood disaster management policies in the Samin watershed area.</p>","PeriodicalId":51823,"journal":{"name":"Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"1947"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12869532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146127265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extent of implementation of the <i>Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act (RA 10121)</i> in the schools of Cabadbaran City, Philippines.","authors":"Nathalie L Daminar, Cora B Cabonce","doi":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.1991","DOIUrl":"10.4102/jamba.v18i1.1991","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study assessed the implementation of <i>Republic Act 10121</i>, the <i>Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act</i>, within public schools in Cabadbaran City. The research addressed the effectiveness of programme execution across four thematic areas: prevention and mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. The study also examined the administrative capacity of school leaders responsible for disaster risk reduction and management (DRRM) functions. Using descriptive and correlational research designs, the study gathered data through survey analysis from 42 school administrators, including school heads and DRRM coordinators. Results indicated consistent implementation ratings across all thematic areas, with preparedness receiving the highest rating. School administrators demonstrated capacity in institutional planning, resource management, and community engagement. The analysis confirmed a strong positive relationship between programme implementation and administrative capacity, indicating that leadership competence supported effective disaster management. Gaps persisted in infrastructure resilience, financing, and sustained risk reduction.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>The study affirmed the need for policy integration and continued capacity development to reinforce school-based disaster risk governance.</p>","PeriodicalId":51823,"journal":{"name":"Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"1991"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12869441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146127298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}