Narra J最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the potential of calcium-fortified sweet potato noodles for osteoporosis prevention: Insights from in vivo rat studies.","authors":"Karsi Ambarwati, Puspo E Giriwono, Ekowati Handharyani, Sedarnawati Yasni","doi":"10.52225/narra.v5i1.1075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v5i1.1075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Calcium (Ca) deficiency is a primary contributor to osteoporosis, a condition characterized by low bone density and increased fracture risk. Fortifying widely consumed foods with calcium is one approach for addressing this insufficiency. Given the popularity of noodles, adding Ca to them offers a promising approach to enhancing Ca intake within communities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Ca-fortified sweet potato noodles on osteoporosis prevention. This study used 4-month-old <i>Sprague-Dawley</i> rats. A completely randomized design was used with four treatment groups: CS (SHAM, control diet), CO (Sham, test diet), US (OVX, control diet), and UO (OVX, test diet). Both control and test diets, which included Ca-fortified sweet potato noodles, were administered to OVX (ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis model) and SHAM (control for surgical procedure) groups for two months. At the end of the experiments, serum Ca levels were collected and analyzed for Ca and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels and their bones were analyzed for physical properties and bone mineral density (BMD) using X-ray analysis. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan as a post hoc test. The intervention of Ca-fortified sweet potato noodles for two months significantly increased serum Ca levels and reduced ALP levels compared to controls, both in SHAM (Ca: 38.03±0.877 mg/dL; ALP: 355±38.0 IU/L) and OVX (Ca: 36.18±2.810 mg/dL; ALP: 340±5.5 IU/L) groups. The test diet maintained the ratio of bone weight to bone volume and preserved the Ca content in the rats' bones. OVX rats consuming the test diet for two months exhibited significantly higher femur bone strength than OVX rats consuming the control diet (test: 6.50±0.300 kg; control: 4.83±0.289 kg). There was no significant difference in BMD between the SHAM and OVX groups on the test diet, indicating that the test diet can maintain bone BMD despite accelerated aging. These findings suggest that Ca-fortified sweet potato noodles can serve as a dietary Ca source, contributing to the prevention of osteoporosis by maintaining serum Ca levels, preserving bone Ca content, as well as maintaining bone density and strength.</p>","PeriodicalId":517416,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"5 1","pages":"e1075"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of hemp seed oil on accelerating wound healing: Evaluation of wound size reduction, epithelialization, granulation tissue formation, and vascularization in murine models.","authors":"Safrizal Rahman, Mohammad A Rivai, Dasrul Dasrul, Onarisa Ayu","doi":"10.52225/narra.v5i1.1878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v5i1.1878","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Essential oils have gained interest in wound management, with prior studies exploring combinations of hemp seed oil <i>(Cannabis sativa)</i> and other oils. However, single-oil strategies may offer simpler formulation, reducing the risk of interactions while preserving therapeutic benefits. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of hemp seed oil on accelerating wound healing, focusing on wound size reduction, epithelialization, granulation tissue formation, and vascularization in murine models. An in vivo with a post-test-only control group was conducted using 36 male <i>Mus musculus</i> mice (3-4 months, 150-250 grams) which were divided into three groups: negative control (NC), positive control (PC, treated with chloramphenicol ointment twice daily), and treatment group (TG, treated with hemp seed oil 400,000 mg/mL twice daily). Mice were euthanized on day 3, 7, 14, and 21 for wound healing assessment, including macroscopic evaluation (visual observation, wound size, and wound healing rate) and microscopic evaluation (epithelialization, granulation tissue formation, and vascularization). The present study found that the TG group demonstrated smaller wound sizes on day 14 (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and day 21 (<i>p</i> < 0.001). This group also enhanced wound healing rates observed on day 14 (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and day 21 (<i>p</i> = 0.001) compared to PC and NC groups. Epithelialization was significantly higher in the TG group compared to PC and NC groups on day 14 (<i>p</i> = 0.007), while granulation tissue formation showed significant improvement on day 3 (<i>p</i> = 0.045), day 14 (<i>p</i> = 0.028), and day 21 (<i>p</i> = 0.003). Additionally, TG group showed significantly greater new blood vessel formation on day 21 (<i>p</i> = 0.001) compared to the PC and NC groups. In conclusion, hemp seed oil demonstrated significant potential in accelerating wound healing processes suggesting a superior effect compared to chloramphenicol ointment. Therefore, hemp seed oil may serve as a promising natural and cost-effective adjunct for wound management.</p>","PeriodicalId":517416,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"5 1","pages":"e1878"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144061844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BMPR-II, caspase-3, HIF-1α, and VE-cadherin profile in Down syndrome children with and without congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension.","authors":"Sri L Widjaja, Masayu L Anniazi, Bagus Artiko, Annang G Moelyo, Mylco T Ahmadwirawan","doi":"10.52225/narra.v5i1.1244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v5i1.1244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several cellular markers have been identified as effective in detecting vascular remodeling recently. The reduced activity of bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-II (BMPR-II), commonly observed in Down syndrome, results in insufficient production of vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin). This, in turn, increases hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) levels and leads to excessive production of caspase-3. The aim of this study was to compare the plasma levels of BMPR-II, VE-cadherin, HIF-1α, and caspase-3 between pediatric Down syndrome with and without congenital heart disease (CHD) and pulmonary hypertension (PH). This was to investigate the role of these biomarkers in the pathogenesis of PH associated or not associated with CHD. A cross-sectional study was conducted on Down syndrome children aged two months to five years at a tertiary hospital between January and December 2023. The children were classified into four groups: CHD with PH, CHD without PH, non-CHD with PH and normal heart. Plasma levels of BMPR-II, caspase-3, HIF-1α, and VE-cadherin were measured using ELISA and compared based on the presence or absence of CHD and PH using Kruskal-Wallis followed by post hoc Bonferroni tests. Elevated plasma HIF-1α levels were observed in all patients with PH, with significantly higher levels in those with CHD-PH. Elevated levels of caspase-3 were also observed among children with PH groups, with the highest levels observed in the non-CHD PH group. Plasma levels of BMPR-II and VE-cadherin were elevated in PH, with significantly higher levels in the non-CHD PH group compared to other groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":517416,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"5 1","pages":"e1244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of PD-L1, CTR-1, VEGF, and p53 expression in sensitive and resistant epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients to platinum-based chemotherapy.","authors":"Primandono Perbowo, Brahmana A Tjokroprawiro, Aryati Aryati, Etty H Kusumastuti, Grace Ariani","doi":"10.52225/narra.v5i1.1419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v5i1.1419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current standard treatment for ovarian cancer is a combination of cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy; however, many patients develop resistance, leading to a high recurrence rate. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of PD-L1, CTR-1, VEGF, and p53 in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients, comparing those sensitive and resistant to platinum-based chemotherapy. A cross-sectional study was conducted among EOC patients who underwent surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy between 2020 and 2023 at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, with evaluations performed six months post-chemotherapy. The expression of PD-L1, CTR-1, VEGF, and p53 were measured using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and compared between chemotherapy-sensitive and resistant patients. A total of 65 patients were included: 31 resistant and 34 sensitive cases. The results showed higher PD- L1 expression in the resistant group compared to the sensitive group (mean combined positive score (CPS) of 0.46 ± 0.29 vs 0.17 ± 0.09, <i>p</i> < 0.00i). The CTR-1 expression was lower in the resistant group (immunoreactive score 2.90 ± 1.30) compared to the sensitive group (immunoreactive score 6.82 ± 2.68) with <i>p</i> < 0.001. VEGF and p53 expression were also higher in the resistant group (6.68 ± 2.59 vs 2.76 ± 1.10 and 64.68 ± 13.54% vs 30.15 ± 13.06%, respectively) compared to the sensitive group, with both having <i>p</i> < 0.001. The study suggests that increased expression of PD-L1, VEGF, and p53 and decreased CTR-1 expression are associated with platinum-based chemotherapy resistance among EOC patients. Therefore, these biomarkers might have the potential for predicting treatment responses and understanding resistance mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":517416,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"5 1","pages":"e1419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the potential of <i>Laportea decumana</i> extract compounds as COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors: An in silico study.","authors":"Eva S Simaremare, Fransiska Kurniawan, Rika Hartati, Daryono H Tjahjono","doi":"10.52225/narra.v5i1.1627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v5i1.1627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Laportea decumana</i> (Roxb.) Wedd., known as itchy leaves, is traditionally used for pain relief due to its bioactive compounds. However, previous studies were limited by resource-intensive in vivo methods and a lack of mechanistic insights into cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 binding. The aim of this study was to identify compounds in the n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of <i>L. decumana</i> with potential as COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors and to predict their binding affinity and stability within the binding pocket through molecular dynamics simulations. Leaves collected from Arso, Keerom Regency, Papua, Indonesia, were dried, sieved into simplicia, and macerated with n-hexane to obtain a n-hexane extract. The residual simplicia was further macerated with ethyl acetate to produce an ethyl acetate extract. N-hexane extract compounds were analyzed by gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and ethyl acetate extract compounds by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Identified chemicals were used in in silico evaluations targeting COX-1 and COX-2. This study identified ten compounds with high performance in docking analysis, which were further evaluated by molecular dynamics. The n-hexane extract contained 31 compounds, while the ethyl acetate extract contained Among these, 4,8,12,16-tetramethylheptadecan-4-olide from the n-hexane extract demonstrated the strongest affinity for both COX-1 and COX-2, with binding free energies of -41.62 ± 1.03 kcal/mol and -33.05 ± 0.11 kcal/mol, respectively. Its interactions were comparable to those of native ligands, with superior binding free energy. In the ethyl acetate extract, pseudosantonim demonstrated the highest affinity for COX-1 (-24.4 ± 1.32 kcal/mol), while arteamisinine showed strong potential as a COX-2 inhibitor (-23.53 ± 0.30 kcal/mol). In conclusion, 4,8,12,16-tetramethylheptadecan-4-olide was the most potent COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor, pseudosantonim was the most effective COX-1 inhibitor, and arteamisinine demonstrated COX-2 inhibitory potential. Further validation through in vitro or in vivo studies is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":517416,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"5 1","pages":"e1627"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144016379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> extract on inflammaging markers, muscle mass, and physical endurance in geriatric mice model.","authors":"Fatichati Budiningsih, Bambang Purwanto, Brian Wasita, Eti Poncorini","doi":"10.52225/narra.v5i1.2052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v5i1.2052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A comprehensive approach to managing frailty is required due to the increasing number of elderly. Physical frailty, associated with inflammatory processes and a loss of muscle mass, can significantly impair health status. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Lam. leaf extract on frailty in geriatric mice model. An experimental study was conducted using a post-test-only control group design using <i>Mus musculus</i> Balb/C mice aged eight weeks. The animals were divided into five groups: negative control group received intraperitoneal injections of normal saline (0.5 cc/day) for eight weeks, positive control group received D-galactose (150 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day) only, and three treatment groups treated with 150 mg/kg of D-galactose intraperitoneally for eight weeks followed by 100 mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW, and 400 mg/kg BW of <i>M. oleifera</i> leaf extract orally for five weeks. At the end of the study, the blood levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and caspase-3, as well as caspase-3 expression in skeletal muscle, skeletal muscle mass fibrosis, and physical endurance were measured. The results showed that a dose of 400 mg/kg/day of <i>M. oleifera</i> leaf extract had the most significant effect on lowering MDA, TGF-β, and caspase-3 expression in skeletal muscle tissue, skeletal muscle fibrosis, and improved physical endurance compared to other groups (<i>p</i> < 0.001). This study highlights that <i>M. oleifera</i> leaf extract reduced frailty in geriatric mice model-induced using D-galactose by reducing inflammaging factors, thereby improving physical endurance.</p>","PeriodicalId":517416,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"5 1","pages":"e2052"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating socio-demographic, behavioral, and maternal factors in the dual burden of malnutrition among school-aged children in Batam, Indonesia.","authors":"Roza Erda, Dachriyanus Hamidi, Desmawati Desmawati, Rosfita Rasyid, Rika Sarfika","doi":"10.52225/narra.v5i1.2049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v5i1.2049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malnutrition among school-aged children in urban-industrial settings presents a dual burden of undernutrition and overnutrition. The aim of this study was to examine factors influencing the nutritional status of elementary school children in Batam, Indonesia. A case-control study was conducted in Batam, focusing on children aged 6-12 years, with malnourished cases (undernutrition and overnutrition) and well-nourished controls, along with their mothers. Respondents were selected through stratified random sampling from public elementary schools. Inclusion criteria encompassed children enrolled in these schools, while exclusion criteria involved children with chronic health conditions. Data were collected via structured interviews utilizing validated questionnaires, anthropometric assessments (weight-for-age and height-for-age), and parent-reported socioeconomic, behavioral and family characteristics. Statistical analysis involved binary logistic regression to identify significant risk factors associated with malnutrition. A total of 188 children, including 94 malnourished cases (40 undernutrition and 54 overnutrition) and 94 well-nourished controls. The findings revealed significant differences between cases and controls in socioeconomic factors (pocket money (<i>p</i> = 0.027), family income (<i>p</i> = 0.042)), behavioral factors (sedentary activity (<i>p</i> = 0.019), dietary habits (<i>p</i> = 0.037)) and family factors (maternal BMI, <i>p</i> = 0.011; maternal nutritional knowledge, <i>p</i> = 0.004; parenting style, <i>p</i> = 0.035). Dominant risk factors for malnutrition (undernutrition or overnutrition) included poor dietary habits (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.451; 95%CI: 0.225-0.901; <i>p</i> = 0.024), maternal obesity class II (aOR: 0.126; 95%CI: 0.030-0.535; <i>p</i> = 0.005), and low maternal nutritional knowledge (aOR: 0.294; 95%CI: 0.124-0.696; <i>p</i> = 0.005). Targeted family-centered interventions focusing on dietary practices and maternal education are therefore recommended to address this issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":517416,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"5 1","pages":"e2049"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059860/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144035026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence-based deep learning algorithms for ground-glass opacity nodule detection: A review.","authors":"Henil P Shah, Agha Sah Naqvi, Parth Rajput, Hanan Ambra, Harrini Venkatesh, Junaid Saleem, Sudarshan Saravanan, Mayur Wanjari, Gaurav Mittal","doi":"10.52225/narra.v5i1.1361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v5i1.1361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ground-glass opacities (GGOs) are hazy opacities on chest computed tomography (CT) scans that can indicate various lung diseases, including early COVID-19, pneumonia, and lung cancer. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a promising tool for analyzing medical images, such as chest CT scans. The aim of this study was to evaluate AI models' performance in detecting GGO nodules using metrics like accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F1 score, area under the curve (AUC) and precision. We designed a search strategy to include reports focusing on deep learning algorithms applied to high-resolution CT scans. The search was performed on PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and ScienceDirect to identify studies published between 2016 and 2024. Quality appraisal of included studies was conducted using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 (QUADAS-2) tool, assessing the risk of bias and applicability concerns across four domains. Two reviewers independently screened studies reporting the diagnostic ability of AI-assisted CT scans in early GGO detection, where the review results were synthesized qualitatively. Out of 5,247 initially identified records, we found 18 studies matching the inclusion criteria of this study. Among evaluated models, DenseNet achieved the highest accuracy of 99.48%, though its sensitivity and specificity were not reported. WOANet showed an accuracy of 98.78%, with a sensitivity of 98.37% and high specificity of 99.19%, excelling particularly in specificity without compromising sensitivity. In conclusion, AI models can potentially detect GGO on chest CT scans. Future research should focus on developing hybrid models that integrate various AI approaches to improve clinical applicability.</p>","PeriodicalId":517416,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"5 1","pages":"e1361"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059966/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic potential of thymoquinone in regulating p63, claudin, and periostin in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: An animal model study.","authors":"Loriana Ulfa, Delfitri Munir, Andrina Ym Rambe, Farhat Farhat, Retno S Wardani, Mustafa M Amin, Devira Zahara, Dedi Ardinata","doi":"10.52225/narra.v5i1.1728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v5i1.1728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High recurrence rate and the necessity for repeated surgical interventions contribute to the chronicity and treatment-resistant nature of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Thymoquinone, known for its protective effects on epithelial integrity, has not been previously explored in CRSwNP. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of thymoquinone to restore epithelial integrity by assessing p63 transcription factor and claudin protein expressions, as well as periostin mRNA expression in an animal model. An in vivo study using post-test-only control group design was conducted in which male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to three groups, each consisting of 10 animals: healthy group, CRSwNP group, and thymoquinone-treated group for three weeks. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the p63 and claudin protein expressions, while periostin mRNA expression was quantified using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). This study found that thymoquinone significantly reduced p63 transcription factor expression compared to the untreated CRSwNP group (p = 0.009). Claudin protein expression was significantly higher in thymoquinone-treated group compared to CRSwNP group (p = 0.007), indicating improved epithelial barrier function. Periostin mRNA expression showed no significant difference between healthy and thymoquinone-treated groups (p = 0.564), but a significant decrease was observed in CRSwNP group compared to thymoquinone-treated group (p = 0.000) and between the healthy and CRSwNP groups (p = 0.002), suggesting attenuation of tissue remodeling and inflammation. In conclusion, thymoquinone could enhance sinonasal epithelial barrier integrity in CRSwNP by downregulating p63 transcription factor, upregulating claudin protein expression, and reducing periostin mRNA expression. These findings emphasize the potential of thymoquinone as a therapeutic agent to mitigate inflammation and tissue remodeling in CRSwNP, warranting further investigation as a novel treatment option.</p>","PeriodicalId":517416,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"5 1","pages":"e1728"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144052244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved sanitation and co-occurrence of anemia and stunting in Indonesian children: A retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Eflita Meiyetriani, Budi Utomo","doi":"10.52225/narra.v5i1.2070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v5i1.2070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anemia and stunting are major public health concerns in low- and middle-income countries, including Indonesia, with significant impacts on child development, morbidity, and mortality. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of improved sanitation on the co-occurrence of anemia and stunting (CAS) in Indonesian children using pooled data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) across three waves, from IFLS 3 in 2000, IFLS 4 in 2007, and IFLS 5 in 2014. The sample included 839 children aged 1-5 years with complete anthropometric and hemoglobin data, measured in 2000 as the baseline cohort and followed across subsequent waves. The main independent variable was improved sanitation, and other covariates included maternal and child characteristics, parental factors, and socio-economic status. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the impact of sanitation over time. The prevalence of CAS was 30.75% in 2000, 6.08% in 2007, and 4.29% in 2014. Stunting-only prevalence increased from 16.21% in 2000 to 27.41% in 2007 but decreased to 19.31% in 2014. Anemia-only prevalence decreased from 31.23% in 2000 to 10.25% in 2007 and slightly rose to 16.92% in 2014. The analysis found that children with unimproved sanitation were at significantly higher risk of CAS (crude relative risk ratio (RRR): 2.49; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.92-3.23), which decreased after adjusting for confounding factors (adjusted RRR: 1.55; 95%CI: 1.12-2.14). Similarly, the risk for anemia was higher in children with unimproved sanitation (adjusted RRR: 1. 43; 95%CI: 1.07-1.90). However, the risk for stunting was not statistically significant after adjustment. This study underscores the importance of improved sanitation in reducing anemia and stunting but also highlights the need to address other factors, such as nutrition, maternal health, and socioeconomic inequalities, through comprehensive public health policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":517416,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"5 1","pages":"e2070"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144057061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}