Narra J最新文献

{"title":"Effectiveness of digital health in improving pregnancy quality among preconception women: A systematic review.","authors":"Nurleli Nurleli, Veni Hadju, Rahayu Indriasari, Intan S Areni, Masni Masni, Shanti Riskyani","doi":"10.52225/narra.v5i2.993","DOIUrl":"10.52225/narra.v5i2.993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Improving nutrition in women prior to conception represents an alternative approach to enhancing the quality of pregnancy. Increased knowledge and self-efficacy among preconception women positively impact changes in health behavior. The rapid development of technology provides an opportunity to implement innovative interventions, including digital health. The aim of this study was to systematically review the efficacy of digital health interventions in modifying the behavior of preconception women. The data were obtained by searching relevant articles published from 2015 to 2023 in electronic databases, including Google Scholar, Science Direct, Web of Science (WoS), Biomed Central, and PubMed. The following keywords were used: \"digital health\" OR \"mobile health\" OR \"e-health\" AND \"preconception women\" OR \"pre-marriage women.\" Of the 266 studies identified in the search phase, only those that met the inclusion criteria were included in the review. These criteria included 10 articles that assessed the effectiveness of digital health interventions on the behavior change of preconception women. The articles included in this study originated from diverse countries and addressed various digital health interventions. The findings of the review indicated that ten articles reported an increase in pregnant women's knowledge, nine articles demonstrated an enhancement in self-efficacy, and nine articles documented behavioral changes. The behavioral changes observed included the initiation of folic acid consumption before pregnancy, an increase in vegetable and fruit consumption, and a reduction in unhealthy dietary behaviors, such as maintaining a normal weight, smoking cessation, and reduced alcohol consumption. In conclusion, digital health literacy interventions, delivered via web-based platforms or mobile applications, demonstrate effectiveness in promoting positive preconception health behaviors among women, ultimately contributing to improved pregnancy outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":517416,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"5 2","pages":"e993"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12425530/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145067217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zero-fluoroscopy versus fluoroscopy-guided catheter ablation in ventricular arrhythmia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Irnizarifka Irnizarifka, Christopher D Tristan, Matthew A Wijayanto, Risalina Myrtha, Kyra Modesty, Annisa A Rahma, Enrico A Budiono, Awalil Rk Rahman, Muhammad F Hamka, Muhana F Ilyas","doi":"10.52225/narra.v5i2.2094","DOIUrl":"10.52225/narra.v5i2.2094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Catheter ablation has been the go-to treatment for ventricular arrhythmia, with traditional fluoroscopy-guided and non-zero fluoroscopy (NZF) catheter ablation posing high radiation risk for operators and patients. Zero-fluoroscopy technique offers elimination of radiation risk; however, its efficacy and safety in ventricular arrhythmia patients are not well explored. The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and feasibility of zero-fluoroscopy ablation on ventricular arrhythmia patients. This study only included relevant studies comparing zero-fluoroscopy and NZF in ventricular arrhythmia ablation that were identified from Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect (up to June 20, 2024). The quality of the study was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool, and the meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effect model. Out of 383 studies found, nine cohort studies were included with 1.408 patients. There was no significant difference in the acute procedural success rate of the zero-fluoroscopy and NZF (relative risk: 1.01; 95%CI: 0.95-1.07; <i>p</i>=0.69), with a similar recurrence rate (<i>p</i>=0.88; for four studies; n=374), and comparable procedural time (mean difference: -19.22 minutes; 95%CI: - 41.16-2.72; <i>p</i>=0.09). Adverse events such as pericardial effusion, pseudoaneurysm, and hematoma were similar between zero-fluoroscopy and NZF. Overall, zero-fluoroscopy catheter ablation has demonstrated non-inferiority as a treatment option for ventricular arrhythmia ablation. As zero-fluoroscopy eliminates radiation risk without compromising procedural efficacy, zero-fluoroscopy has the potential to become a widely adopted approach for catheter ablation in ventricular arrhythmia.</p>","PeriodicalId":517416,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"5 2","pages":"e2094"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12425536/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145066491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of doxazosin as adjuvant to abiraterone on viability and apoptosis of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cells cancer (mCRPC) PC3.","authors":"Putu Kd Pratama, Zakaria A Rahman, Furqan Hidayatullah, Tetuka B Laksita, Lukman Hakim","doi":"10.52225/narra.v5i2.1961","DOIUrl":"10.52225/narra.v5i2.1961","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prostate cancer is a leading cause of death among men worldwide, with limited therapeutic options for castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer (mCRPC). The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of doxazosin, an α1-blocker, as an adjunctive therapy for mCRPC in combination with abiraterone. Using mCRPC PC3 cells, the effects of doxazosin on cell viability and apoptosis were assessed. The experimental design was an in vitro study with post-test-only control design. Experimental groups were divided into four groups: control group, doxazosin group, abiraterone group, and combination group (doxazosin and abiraterone). Cell viability was analyzed using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, while apoptosis was analyzed using Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). This study found that the IC₅₀ value for doxazosin was 25.42±1.42 µM (mean ± standard error). The results indicated that doxazosin significantly reduced cell viability, with effects varying based on the dose administered, and doxazosin was able to induce apoptosis in mCRPC PC3 cells. The combined treatment of doxazosin and abiraterone in mCRPC PC3 cells demonstrated a significantly higher mean apoptosis percentage compared to the control group (16.27%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 11.89-20.65; <i>p</i>=0.001). Furthermore, the combined treatment showed a significantly higher mean apoptosis percentage compared to abiraterone alone (4.79%; 95%CI: 0.41-9.18; <i>p</i>=0.029), and doxazosin alone (10.99%; 95%CI: 6.61-15.38; <i>p</i>=0.001). These findings suggest that doxazosin, traditionally used as an α1-blocker for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), could offer a novel therapeutic approach for mCRPC patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":517416,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"5 2","pages":"e1961"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12425510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145066560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of first-generation versus second-generation drug-eluting stents in calcified coronary lesions: A meta-analysis.","authors":"Mohammad S Rohman, Jonny K Fajar, Melly C Widyaningsih, Yusnia N Aziizah, Uswatun A Khasanah, Farid Eb Nendro, Euphrasiane G Beting, Vini S Tanaem, Desi Jannati, Wanda M Putri, Fredo Tamara","doi":"10.52225/narra.v5i2.2100","DOIUrl":"10.52225/narra.v5i2.2100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The choice between first-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) and second-generation DES in managing calcified coronary lesions remains a topic of debate. The aim of this study was to compare outcomes between first-generation DES and second-generation DES in patients with calcified coronary lesions. This meta-analysis study was conducted from October to November 2024. The databases used were Embase, Scopus, and PubMed. Relevant articles were collated, and data regarding outcomes in patients with calcified coronary lesions treated with first-generation and second-generation DES were included to calculate the pooled effect size. The statistical analysis was performed using the Mantel-Haenszel method. Six articles were included in the study. The results indicated that calcified coronary lesions treated with first-generation DES were associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality (Odd ratios (OR): 1.23; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.05-1.45; <i>p</i>-Egger= 0.9346; <i>p-</i>Heterogeneity: 0.9720; <i>p=</i>0.0120), myocardial infarction (OR: 1.48; 95%CI: 1.22-1.80; <i>p</i>-Egger: 0.6472; <i>p</i>-Heterogeneity: 0.5890; <i>p</i><0.0001); and target lesion revascularization (TLR) (OR: 1.47; 95%CI: 1.24-1.74; <i>p-</i> Egger: 0.9982; <i>p-</i>Heterogeneity: 0.5950; <i>p</i><0.0001), in comparison with second-generation DES. In contrast, when comparing first- and second-generation DES in terms of cardiac death and major adverse cardiovascular events, a similar risk was depicted. This study compared the outcomes of first-generation and second-generation DES in the management of patients with calcified coronary lesions, which may serve as a reference for selecting DES in the patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":517416,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"5 2","pages":"e2100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12425509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145067241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coenzyme Q10 as adjuvant therapy could reduce oxidative stress and enhance sperm quality in cryptorchidism animal models.","authors":"Pradana Nurhadi, Besut Daryanto, Fauzan K Dhani, Athaya F Purnomo, Kusworini Kusworini, Tommy N Alfandy","doi":"10.52225/narra.v5i2.2474","DOIUrl":"10.52225/narra.v5i2.2474","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The role of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) as an antioxidant in the context of cryptorchidism is increasingly recognized due to its potential protective effects against oxidative stress, a key contributor to testicular dysfunction in this condition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of CoQ10 and its impact on sperm parameters as an adjuvant therapy in a cryptorchidism mouse model. A total of 36 male Sprague Dawley mice were divided into six groups: control (negative control), cryptorchidism (positive control), orchidopexy only, and orchidopexy treated with CoQ10 at 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight (BW). After seven days of induction into the cryptorchidism model, the mice underwent orchidopexy, and CoQ10 was administered orally from day 1 to day 7 post-orchidopexy. At the end of the treatment period, all mice were euthanized, and the left testes were collected for immunohistochemical analysis of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as histological examination and sperm parameter assessment. Testicular tissue damage was assessed using the Cosentino grade, while spermatogenesis was evaluated using the Johnsen scoring system. Additionally, sperm parameters were analyzed from the left testis. MDA expression in the cryptorchidism group was significantly lower than in all CoQ10-treated groups (<i>p</i><0.001). In contrast, SOD expression was significantly higher in the cryptorchidism group compared to the 10 mg/kg BW and 20 mg/kg BW CoQ10 groups (both had <i>p</i><0.001). Cosentino grade and Johnsen score showed no significant differences between the control group and the group treated with 20 mg/kg BW CoQ10 (<i>p</i>=0.891 and <i>p</i>=0.123, respectively). Furthermore, the 20 mg/kg BW CoQ10 group had significantly greater sperm concentration and motility compared to the cryptorchidism group (<i>p</i><0.001 for both). These findings demonstrated that CoQ10 had significant antioxidant activity as an adjuvant therapy in a cryptorchidism mouse model. CoQ10 supplementation could reduce oxidative stress markers, enhance antioxidant enzyme expression, and improve sperm parameters, supporting its potential to mitigate testicular damage associated with cryptorchidism.</p>","PeriodicalId":517416,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"5 2","pages":"e2474"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12425537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145067264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tackling the ST elevation in leptospirosis: A double-edged sword between bleeding and thrombosis - A case report.","authors":"Ivana P Dewi, Kadex Rs Damayanti, Andreas M Anggitama, Arya T Bagaskara, Kristin P Dewi, Teuku Yusrizal","doi":"10.52225/narra.v5i2.1978","DOIUrl":"10.52225/narra.v5i2.1978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although leptospirosis is a well-recognized zoonotic disease, the occurrence of ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)-mimicking leptospiral myocarditis, accompanied by subsequent bleeding and thrombocytopenia is an exceptionally rare finding. The dual risks of bleeding and thrombosis further complicate the management of anticoagulation and thrombolytic therapy amidst competing risks. The aim of this study was to present leptospirosis complicated by myocarditis, which mimicked STEMI, followed by bleeding and thrombocytopenia. A 61-year-old male patient was referred from a community health center to the hospital with primary complaints of chest discomfort and diaphoresis, which had started 11 hours prior to admission. These symptoms were associated with a 12-day history of intermittent fever, nausea, and vomiting. Upon physical examination, the patient appeared lethargic, with a blood pressure of 86/63 mmHg, heart rate of 107 bpm, respiratory rate of 22 breaths per minute, and temperature of 39.8°C. Electrocardiography revealed widespread ST-segment elevation. Echocardiography showed global hypokinesia with a reduced ejection fraction of 48%. Laboratory tests confirmed the presence of IgM and IgG anti-<i>Leptospira</i> antibodies, along with elevated high-sensitivity cardiac troponin levels. The patient was diagnosed with Weil's disease (Faine's score 32), with leptospiral myocarditis and STEMI considered as differential diagnoses. Initial management involved a loading dose of dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin 320 mg and clopidogrel 300 mg) due to the suspected diagnosis of STEMI. However, it was later discontinued on the second day of admission due to the development of severe thrombocytopenia and minor bleeding manifestations. Following the administration of ceftriaxone 2 g every 12 hours and doxycycline 100 mg every 12 hours, the patient's condition improved. This case highlights the importance of recognizing leptospirosis as a potential cause of myocarditis and thrombocytopenia, especially when clinical signs resemble those of STEMI. Early diagnosis and careful management, including the suspension of dual antiplatelet therapy and initiation of targeted antibiotic therapy, were pivotal in preventing further complications and improving the patient's outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":517416,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"5 2","pages":"e1978"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12425545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145067209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant-based synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles using <i>Artocarpus heterophyllus</i> aqueous leaf extract and its anticancer activities.","authors":"Firli Rp Dewi, Aulia U Rohmatika, Arniza Km Jamil, Turan Demircan, Muhammad F Idris, Litazkiyyah Litazkiyyah, Muhammad Fahmi, A'liyatur Rosyidah, Alfiah Hayati, Sugiharto Sugiharto","doi":"10.52225/narra.v5i2.1770","DOIUrl":"10.52225/narra.v5i2.1770","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Green synthesis of nanoparticles has garnered significant attention for its sustainable and environmentally friendly approach. Despite extensive research on <i>Artocarpus heterophyllus</i>-derived nanoparticles using seeds, fruits, and rind, the therapeutic potential of its leaf extract remains largely unexplored, particularly in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of aqueous leaf extract from <i>A. heterophyllus</i> as a reducing and capping agent to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), as well as to evaluate their anticancer efficacy. The nanoparticles were characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and particle size analysis to confirm the formation. To evaluate anticancer potential, key oncogenes associated with cancer proliferation and survival were analyzed, including <i>c-Myc, cyclin D1, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2), microRNA-622</i> (<i>miR-622</i>), and <i>cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)</i>. The present study demonstrated that AgNPs and AuNPs synthesized from <i>A. heterophyllus</i> extract had distinct sizes and shapes, with AgNPs averaging approximately 12.75 nm and exhibiting a spherical morphology, while AuNPs averaged 109.26 nm and had a pentagonal shape. Furthermore, AuNPs had no anticancer activity. In contrast, AgNPs showed potent anticancer effects, with inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀₎ values of 124.626 and 54.981 µg/mL at 48 and 72 hours, respectively. The AgNPs treatment increased the proportion of cells in G2/M phase, indicating the induction of mitotic catastrophe leading to cell death. AgNPs downregulated the expression of several oncogenes associated with cancer cell proliferation and survival (<i>cyclin D1, COX-2, HER-2</i>, and <i>miR622),</i> but did not significantly reduce <i>c-Myc</i> expression. In conclusion, AgNPs derived from <i>A. heterophyllus</i> leaf extract have significant potential as a novel therapeutic agent in cancer treatment while preserving its biocompatibility, emphasizing the promise of sustainable and cost-effective synthesis of plant-based nanoparticles.</p>","PeriodicalId":517416,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"5 2","pages":"e1770"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12425552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145067214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic profiling and antimicrobial investigation of <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> LBKURCC269 and <i>Bacillus paramycoides</i> LBKURCC218 co-culture.","authors":"Zona Octarya, Titania T Nugroho, Yuana Nurulita, Nabella Suraya, Saryono Saryono","doi":"10.52225/narra.v5i2.1647","DOIUrl":"10.52225/narra.v5i2.1647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing resistance of pathogenic microbes to antibiotics is a major public health concern, necessitating the discovery of effective antimicrobial compounds. The aim of this study was to assess the bioactive metabolites produced by <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> LBKURCC269 and <i>Bacillus paramycoides</i> LBKURCC218 under three fermentation conditions: monoculture of each microorganism and their co-culture. Metabolite analyses initiated with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) followed with molecular networking-Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) and molecular docking. Antimicrobial activity of the extracts was then conducted. Metabolite analysis using GC-MS identified key antimicrobial compounds, including 2,6-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methylphenol, pentadecanoic acid, cyclopropane pentanoic acid, and 3-piperidinol. LC-HRMS, combined with multivariate analysis and GNPS molecular networking, revealed additional antimicrobial compounds, including novel pyrazine derivatives induced in co-culture fermentation. Molecular docking analysis of 3-(propan-2-yl)-octahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione demonstrated its potential as an antimicrobial agent by inhibiting topoisomerase IV and cytochrome monooxygenase with binding affinity of -5.34 kcal/mol and -5.6 kcal/mol, respectively. The antimicrobial assays showed that the co-culture fermentation extract had the strongest activity, with inhibition zones of 20.33±0.59 mm (<i>Escherichia coli</i>), 14.33±0.59 mm (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>), and 25.67±0.59 mm (<i>Candida albicans</i>). This study highlights the advantages of co-culture fermentation in enhancing the discovery of antimicrobial compounds. The findings underscore the potential of this approach to simplify chemical isolation and accelerate the identification of novel antimicrobial agents for pharmaceutical development.</p>","PeriodicalId":517416,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"5 2","pages":"e1647"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12425520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145067229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytoarchitectural changes in the developing cerebellar cortex of the <i>laggard</i> mutant mouse.","authors":"Junaedy Yunus, Tomiyoshi Setsu, Satoshi Kikkawa, Toshio Terashima","doi":"10.52225/narra.v5i2.2075","DOIUrl":"10.52225/narra.v5i2.2075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The <i>laggard</i> (<i>lag</i>) mutant mouse, which arises from a mutation in the <i>Kif14</i> gene, begins to exhibit ataxia and impaired growth after the first postnatal week and subsequently dies prematurely around two weeks of age. In this mutant mouse, the layered architecture of the cerebellar cortex, cerebral cortex, dentate gyrus, and olfactory bulb is disrupted at the cellular level. The aim of this study was to identify the effect of <i>Kif14</i> mutation on the development of the cerebellar cortex. Abnormalities in the cytoarchitectonics of the developing cerebellar cortex were assessed using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) assays were performed to identify apoptotic and proliferating cells. Macroscopic observation of the <i>lag</i> mutant cerebellum reveals a marked reduction in size compared to wild-type mice. HE staining displays a normal foliation and lamination pattern in the <i>lag</i> mutant cerebellum, but detailed analysis has shown morphological disorganization in the cytoarchitectonics of the cerebellar cortex. The mutant internal granular layer is poorly defined and contains significantly fewer granule cells. Meanwhile, Purkinje cells form multilayer arrangements instead of a monolayer arrangement, as observed in wild-type mice, with their dendritic arborization being severely underdeveloped. Some Purkinje cells exhibit multiple nuclei, suggesting that the <i>Kif14</i> mutation disrupts normal cell division. These phenotypes are already recognized during early postnatal days, although no difference is determined before birth. TUNEL-positive cells are significantly more numerous in the mutant external granular layer, indicating that increased apoptotic cell death contributes to the diminished granule cell population in the <i>lag</i> mutant mouse. In conclusion, the <i>lag</i> mutant cerebellar cortex shows distinct structural abnormalities, suggesting that the <i>Kif14</i>-encoded protein exerts multifaceted roles in the development of the brain laminated structures as well as in myelin formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":517416,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"5 2","pages":"e2075"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12425508/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145067267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stigma and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among people with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB): A cross-sectional study in Indonesia.","authors":"Bustanul Arifin, Muhamad G Sarwadan, Elly Wahyudin, Latifah M Sarifah, Ahmad Fuady, Fredrick D Purba, Sylmina D Alkaff, Akhmad Ardiansyah, Jamaluddin Madolangan","doi":"10.52225/narra.v5i2.1317","DOIUrl":"10.52225/narra.v5i2.1317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stigma often accompanies people with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and potentially affects their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The aim of this study was to investigate the stigma faced by patients with MDR-TB, both from the patients' and community's perspective, and its relationship with HRQoL. Data was gathered at the provincial hospital in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The instrument employed in this research was the Indonesian version of the tuberculosis (TB) stigma instrument to assess MDR-TB stigma from the patient and community perspectives. The patient perspective represents how individuals with TB perceive and experience stigma, including the fear of disclosure, isolation, and guilt (feeling responsible for the burden on their family or their own risky behaviors). Meanwhile, the community perspective reflects how individuals with TB perceive societal attitudes towards them, such as social distancing, avoidance, and reluctance to interact. HRQoL was measured using the European quality of life-5 dimensions-5 level version (EQ-5D-5L) instrument. Notably, the evaluation of anxiety and depression is centered on the fifth dimension of the EQ-5D-5L instrument. A total of 210 patients with MDR-TB were included in the study, all of whom reported experiencing stigma. Most participants perceived stigma at a moderate level, with 76% from the patient perspective and 71% from the community perspective. The average EQ-5D-5L index score was 0.72 (95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.68-0.76). Measurements from both perspectives show similar scores. There is a substantial negative association between the level of stigma and HRQoL, both from the patient's perspective (<i>R</i> ²=-0.33; F=102.52; <i>p</i><0.001) and the community's (<i>R</i> ²=-0.32; F=96.76; <i>p</i><0.001). The study highlights that the stigma of MDR-TB significantly affects the HRQoL from the patient and community perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":517416,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"5 2","pages":"e1317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12425512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145067268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}