Chemoecology最新文献

{"title":"Role of juvenile hormone in oogenesis, chemical profile, and behavior of the wasp Mischocyttarus consimilis (Vespidae: Polistinae)","authors":"Erika Fernandes Neves,&nbsp;Thiago dos Santos Montagna,&nbsp;Kamylla Balbuena Michelutti,&nbsp;Sidnei Eduardo Lima-Junior,&nbsp;Claudia Andréa Lima Cardoso,&nbsp;William Fernando Antonialli-Junior","doi":"10.1007/s00049-022-00378-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00049-022-00378-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In social insects, juvenile hormone (JH) affects the degree of ovarian development, reproductive status, and temporal polyethism in workers. JH also contributes to determining the epicuticular chemical composition, which differentiates the castes of queens and workers. However, a few studies have evaluated the action of JH on behavioral ontogeny, cuticular chemical profile, and oocyte length and width, especially in social wasps of independent foundation. Therefore, the following hypotheses were tested: (i) topical application of JH changes the behavioral ontogeny of newly emerged workers; and (ii) changes might be detected in the cuticular chemical composition and oocyte length and width of newly emerged females receiving topical application of JH. The treatment consisted of application of JH, at a concentration of 25 µg.µL⁻¹ in acetone, to 1-day-old <i>Mischocyttarus consimilis</i> workers. The application of JH to newly emerged <i>M. consimilis</i> females significantly altered oocyte length and width, with effects on behavioral ontogeny and the cuticular chemical compounds signaling these parameters in the colony. No effects of the solvent on female physiology were observed, reinforcing that the observed changes were due to the specific effects of JH.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"32 6","pages":"197 - 207"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5078106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemoecology: time for a meta-analysis","authors":"Günther Raspotnig,&nbsp;Marko Rohlfs","doi":"10.1007/s00049-022-00379-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00049-022-00379-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"32 6","pages":"181 - 181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5078913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of sex-specific compounds in the invasive four-eyed fir bark beetle Polygraphus proximus","authors":"Lina Viklund,&nbsp;Yuri Baranchikov,&nbsp;Martin Schroeder,&nbsp;Anton Efremenko,&nbsp;Denis Demidko,&nbsp;Erik Hedenström","doi":"10.1007/s00049-022-00377-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00049-022-00377-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Polygraphus proximus</i>, a four-eyed fir bark beetle, is an invasive bark beetle species which has caused extensive damage to forests of <i>Abies sibirica</i> in southern and western Siberia and to <i>Abies</i> species in the European part of Russia. There is a high risk that the pest insect will spread to areas where it is currently not considered present, such as the European Union. In these areas, it threatens to attack conifer forests of various species which may result in major environmental and economic impact. The aim of this study was to identify pheromone components of <i>P. proximus</i> that can be used as pheromone baits. Males and females of <i>P. proximus</i> were allowed to bore into the bark of stem sections of <i>Abies sibirica</i> at the laboratory, and volatiles were collected with solid-phase microextraction (SPME). Analyses of these extracts with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) revealed several sex-specific compounds. In total, twelve male-specific compounds and one female-specific compound were identified. The major male-specific compound determined by GC peak area was (<i>Z</i>)‐2‐(3,3‐dimethylcyclohexylidene)‐ethanol [(<i>Z</i>)-DMCHE] and the minor male-specific compounds were 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol, 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol, 3-methyl-2-butenal, benzyl alcohol, fragranol, 7-methyl-3-methylene-6-octen-1-ol, (<i>Z</i>)- and (<i>E</i>)-2-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexylidene)-acetaldehyde, geraniol, geranial and papayanol. The only female-specific compound was identified as 1-hexanol. Two of the male-specific compounds, (<i>Z</i>)‐DMCHE and 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol were shown to attract males and females of <i>P. proximus</i> in field studies. Thus, we now for the first time can present the structures of two male-specific components that are biologically active parts of <i>P. proximus</i> aggregation pheromone. However, some chemical communication overlap between <i>P. proximus</i> and <i>P. subopacus</i> needs to be further investigated as (<i>Z</i>)‐DMCHE also attracted males and females of <i>P. subopacus</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"32 6","pages":"183 - 195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00049-022-00377-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4049589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Juvenile hormone regulates reproductive physiology and the production of fertility cues in the swarm-founding wasp Polybia occidentalis","authors":"Amanda Prato,&nbsp;Rafael Carvalho da Silva,&nbsp;Cintia Akemi Oi,&nbsp;Izabel Cristina Casanova Turatti,&nbsp;Fabio Santos do Nascimento","doi":"10.1007/s00049-022-00376-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00049-022-00376-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Juvenile hormone (JH) has important functions that regulate insect life. In adult individuals, it induces gonadotropic and behavioral changes. Manipulating JH levels helps to understand how it influences insect physiology. The effects of JH on Epiponini swarm-founding wasps have shown contrasting results, affecting reproduction, chemical compound expression, behavior, and age polyethism. In this study, we investigated whether JH affects reproductive physiology and production of fertility cues in a swarm-founding wasp species <i>Polybia occidentalis</i> in an age-controlled experimental setup. We treated newly emerged females with methoprene (JH analogue) and precocene-I (JH inhibitor) to determine their effects on ovary activation and cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) expression. Furthermore, we compared the chemical profiles of treated workers with those of queens. Our results show that methoprene and precocene-I affected the CHC production in <i>P. occidentalis</i>. Additionally, females treated with methoprene were chemically more similar to queens than precocene- and acetone-treated females. Methoprene affected ovarian status (increasing ovary activation). These results suggest that different levels of JH reflect changes in chemical and reproductive traits in <i>P. occidentalis</i> females. Furthermore, we point out the existence of fertility cues in this Epiponini wasp.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"32 4-5","pages":"171 - 180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4706867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibitory effects of methanol extracts from Fallopia japonica and F. × bohemica rhizomes and selected phenolic compounds on radish germination and root growth","authors":"Katarina Šoln,&nbsp;Monika Horvat,&nbsp;Jernej Iskra,&nbsp;Jasna Dolenc Koce","doi":"10.1007/s00049-022-00375-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00049-022-00375-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Allelopathic plants release secondary compounds into the soil that then suppress the growth of nearby plants. Allelopathy has been shown for the invasive Japanese knotweed (<i>Fallopia japonica</i>) and Bohemian knotweed (<i>F</i>. × <i>bohemica</i>). The aggressive and dominant invaders represent a serious threat to the local plant communities outside their native range. Here, we analysed the phenols in the knotweed rhizomes using nuclear magnetic resonance. We also evaluated the allelopathic potential of methanol extracts of <i>F. japonica</i> and <i>F</i>. × <i>bohemica</i> rhizomes and compared these with the effects of the individual knotweed phenols resveratrol, epicatechin and emodin, and their mixture. Rhizomes of both knotweeds contained similar amounts of epicatechin and emodin, with 24% higher resveratrol in <i>F</i>. × <i>bohemica</i>. Only the <i>F</i>. × <i>bohemica</i> methanol extract inhibited radish (<i>Raphanus sativus</i>) seed germination. After 3 days of treatments with 10% (w/v) extracts of both knotweeds, radish seedlings showed up to 70% shorter roots. In contrast, root growth of seedlings treated with the individual phenols resveratrol, epicatechin and emodin, and their mixture, was inhibited by up to 30%, similar to the 1% knotweed extracts. Biochemical parameters of oxidative stress also increased in the roots of treated seedlings, with high levels of malondialdehyde in particular indicating lipid peroxidation. Total antioxidative capacity was also increased in seedlings exposed to 0.6 mg/mL resveratrol and emodin. This study shows higher allelopathic potential of the knotweed methanol extracts compared to the individual phenols and their mixture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"32 4-5","pages":"159 - 170"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00049-022-00375-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4851006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using weapons instead of perfume: chemical association strategies of the myrmecophilous bug Scolopostethus pacificus (Rhyparochromidae)","authors":"Adrian Brückner","doi":"10.1007/s00049-022-00374-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00049-022-00374-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A vast diversity of parasites associates with ants. Living in and around ant nests of these organisms must overcome ant colony defenses. As ant defensive behavior is mainly mediated by species-specific cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) or alarm pheromones, and ant-associated parasites can either crack their hosts’ chemical communication code by modifying their own CHC profiles or use pro-active strategies like chemical weaponry for distraction and repellency. While the chemical nature of ant–parasite interactions has been intensively studied for highly host-specific parasites, the chemical-deceptive strategies of the rather rare ant-resembling heteropterans are unknown. To gain insight into this system, I studied the bug <i>Scolopostethus pacificus</i> (Barber 1918) which can be found near the nests of the ecologically dominant and aggressive velvety tree ant (<i>Liometopum occidentale</i>, Emery 1895). Using behavioral, chemical, and molecular approaches, I disentangled the relationship of <i>S. pacificus</i> and its host ant. Chemical profiling of the bug and the ant revealed that the bug does not make use of CHC insignificance or mimicry, but instead uses a cocktail of volatile compounds released from its metathoracic glands that likely moderates encounters with its aggressive host. Feeding trials with armed and artificially disarmed bugs revealed a defensive function of the gland exudates. Targeted molecular gut barcoding showed that <i>S. pacificus</i> does not feed on <i>L. occidentale</i>. These results suggest that chemical weaponry, rather than a chemical code-cracking CHC matching or chemical insignificance, enables <i>S. pacificus</i> to get along with and live in close proximity to its host ant.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"32 4-5","pages":"147 - 157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00049-022-00374-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4972017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The scent gland chemistry of Gagrellinae (Opiliones, Sclerosomatidae): evidence for sequestration of myrmicacin in a species of Prionostemma","authors":"Günther Raspotnig,&nbsp;Michaela Bodner,&nbsp;Julia Blesl,&nbsp;Carlos Viquez","doi":"10.1007/s00049-022-00373-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00049-022-00373-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The scent gland secretion of an undetermined species of <i>Prionostemma</i> from Costa Rica was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and shown to consist of medium-chain carboxylic acids (mainly octanoic acid) and a <i>ß</i>-hydroxy-carboxylic acid, eventually identified as myrmicacin (= (<i>R</i>)-3-hydroxydecanoic acid). While scent gland secretions in harvestmen have traditionally been considered to be products of de novo synthesis, we here provide evidence for the unusual case of sequestration-derived scent gland constituents: at least myrmicacin appears to be sequestered from leaf-cutter ants that constitute a part of the prey of the <i>Prionostemma</i>-species herein investigated. This is the first report on the scent gland chemistry of the sclerosomatid subfamily Gagrellinae as well as on a possible sequestration mechanism in harvestmen.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"32 4-5","pages":"139 - 146"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00049-022-00373-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4696704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host-plant volatiles enhance the attraction of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) to sex pheromone","authors":"Hai-Tao Du,&nbsp;Yao Li,&nbsp;Jun Zhu,&nbsp;Fang Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00049-022-00372-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00049-022-00372-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Cnaphalocrocis medinalis</i> Guenée (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a notorious pest of rice, <i>Oryza sativa</i> L. (Poaceae). Sex pheromones and host-plant volatiles can trap <i>C. medinalis</i> separately. To improve the trap efficiency of synthetic sex pheromone blend, we first tested the synergistic effect of 8 host-plant volatiles, including 2-phenylethanol, 1-hexanol, 1-heptanol, (<i>Z</i>)-3-hexenal, (<i>E</i>)-2-hexenal, octanal, valeraldehyde, and methyl salicylate, on the attraction of <i>C. medinalis</i> to the female-produced sex pheromones in electroantennography. The addition of (<i>E</i>)-2-hexenal, methyl salicylate, valeraldehyde, and (<i>Z</i>)-3-hexenal increased electroantennogram response of <i>C. medinalis</i> to sex pheromones. Further behavioral testing in wind tunnel experiments indicated that additive (<i>E</i>)-2-hexenal or methyl salicylate stimulated the landing behaviors of both male and female <i>C. medinalis</i> compared with sex pheromones alone. Field evaluations showed that mixtures of sex pheromones and (<i>E</i>)-2-hexenal /methyl salicylate resulted in significantly higher catches to male moths than sex pheromones alone. Using 1:1 and 1:10 combinations of the sex pheromones and (<i>E</i>)-2-hexenal, the attraction of <i>C. medinalis</i> to mixtures showed a synergistic effect of 95% and 110%, respectively. Furthermore, 1:1 and 1:10 mixtures of the sex pheromones and methyl salicylate exhibited a synergistic effect of 69% and 146%, respectively. These results may provide the basis for developing efficient pest management strategies against <i>C. medinalis</i> using host-plant volatiles and insect sex pheromones.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"32 3","pages":"129 - 138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4432615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benzoxazinoids in roots and shoots of cereal rye (Secale cereale) and their fates in soil after cover crop termination","authors":"Clifford P. Rice,&nbsp;Briana A. Otte,&nbsp;Matthew Kramer,&nbsp;Harry H. Schomberg,&nbsp;Steven B. Mirsky,&nbsp;Katherine L. Tully","doi":"10.1007/s00049-022-00371-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00049-022-00371-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cover crops provide many agroecosystem services, including weed suppression, which is partially exerted through release of allelopathic benzoxazinoid (BX) compounds. This research (1) characterizes changes in concentrations of BX compounds in shoots, roots, and soil at three growth stages (GS) of cereal rye (<i>Secale cereale</i> L.), and (2) their degradation in soil over time following termination. Concentrations of shoot dominant BX compounds, DIBOA-glc and DIBOA were lowest at GS 83 (boot). The root dominant BX compound, HMBOA-glc, concentration was least at GS 54 (elongation). Rhizosphere soil BX concentrations were 1000 times smaller than in root tissues. Dominant compounds in soil were HMBOA-glc and HMBOA. Soil BX compound concentrations were similar near root crowns and between-rows. Soil BX concentrations following cereal rye termination declined exponentially over time in three of four treatments: incorporated shoots (S) and roots (R), no-till S + R (cereal rye rolled flat), and no-till R (shoots removed); no-till S had consistently low concentrations. In treatments showing changes, soil concentrations of HMBOA-glc and HMBOA increased above initial concentrations on the day following cereal rye termination. Concentrations of these two compounds decreased more rapidly than the other compounds. Placement of shoots on the surface of an area where cereal rye had not grown (no-till S) did not increase soil concentrations of BX compounds. The short duration and complex dynamics of BX compounds in soil prior to and following termination illustrate the limited window for enhancing weed suppression directly by cereal rye allelochemicals; valuable information for programs breeding for enhanced weed suppression.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"32 3","pages":"117 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4924770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproduction and fertility signalling under joint juvenile hormone control in primitively eusocial Mischocyttarus wasps","authors":"Helena Mendes Ferreira,&nbsp;Rafael Carvalho da Silva,&nbsp;Fabio Santos do Nascimento,&nbsp;Tom Wenseleers,&nbsp;Cintia Akemi Oi","doi":"10.1007/s00049-022-00370-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00049-022-00370-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Juvenile hormone (JH) is a key insect hormone involved in the regulation of physiological, developmental and behavioural processes. In social insects, it has been shown that JH can play a key role in modulating reproductive division of labour, age-related division of labour and chemical signalling, and can display marked changes in function of the degree of sociality. Here, we checked the effects of JH on reproduction in single foundresses of two neotropical primitively eusocial wasp species, <i>Mischocyttarus cerberus</i> and <i>Mischocyttarus cassununga</i>, by examining how treatments with the JH-analogue methoprene and the anti-JH precocene affect egg-laying, ovarian activation and chemical profiles. Our hypothesis was that reproduction and the production of particular fertility-linked cuticular hydrocarbon cues might be under shared JH control already in primitively eusocial wasp species, and this could have been a key enabler to allow such cues to later evolve into full-fledged queen pheromone signals in advanced eusocial species. In line with this hypothesis, we show that our hormone treatments significantly affected both egg laying and the production of particular hydrocarbons present on the egg surface. We discuss the relevance of these findings in the context of the evolution of social insect queen pheromones in advanced eusocial species with a morphologically differentiated queen–worker caste.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"32 3","pages":"105 - 116"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4443935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}