{"title":"A Systematic Review of Maintenance Measurement in Early Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorder Research.","authors":"Elizabeth A Pokorski, Lauren M LeJeune","doi":"10.1352/1944-7558-127.4.313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-127.4.313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Single case research designs (SCRDs) are integral to identifying evidence-based practices (EBPs) for young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, the field lacks guidance on measuring response maintenance within SCRDs. We identified 103 studies in which researchers used SCRD to investigate the maintenance of behavioral intervention outcomes for children with ASD ages 0-5. Findings include: (a) maintenance conditions across most EBP categories, (b) limited within-case replication of maintenance assessment, (c) inconsistent use of maintenance terminology, (d) varying frequencies of maintenance assessment, and (e) wide range in latency to first and last maintenance probe. Results indicate a pressing need for the regular inclusion of maintenance conditions in behavioral research to increase our understanding of programming for and assessing maintenance.</p>","PeriodicalId":51508,"journal":{"name":"Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10435000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Science Should Push Us Forward, Not Back, to a \"New Normal\".","authors":"Frank J Symons","doi":"10.1352/1944-7558-127.4.269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-127.4.269","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51508,"journal":{"name":"Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40369181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emotional Lexicon in Down Syndrome.","authors":"Christelle Declercq, Régis Pochon","doi":"10.1352/1944-7558-127.4.278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-127.4.278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We studied comprehension of emotion versus concrete/abstract words in Down syndrome (DS). Study 1 compared 26 participants with DS and 26 typically developing (TD) children matched on verbal ability. Results showed no difference between groups. Study 2 assessed whether chronological age (CA) and (non)verbal abilities predicted developmental trajectories of comprehension in 36 children with DS and 143 TD children. For the latter, these variables predicted comprehension of all three word types. For the former, receptive vocabulary predicted comprehension of all word types, but CA and nonverbal reasoning only predicted comprehension of concrete words. This suggests that people with DS have no specific emotional lexicon deficit. Supporting their general lexical development would help them access abstract and emotional meanings.</p>","PeriodicalId":51508,"journal":{"name":"Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10434999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"COVID-19 and Persons With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Implications for Future Policy, Practice, and Research.","authors":"Amy S Hewitt, John G Smith, Liz Weintraub","doi":"10.1352/1944-7558-127.4.270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-127.4.270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has been hard for everyone. For the estimated seven and a half million people in the United States who live with intellectual disability (Residential Information Systems Project, 2020), it has been very hard. Lives have been disrupted by lost jobs, lack of access to friends/family, and challenges finding enough staff to provide supports and needed healthcare. Studies have shown that people with IDD are at a much greater risk of getting COVID-19 and dying from it (Cuypers et al., 2020; Gleason et al., 2021; Kaye, 2021; Landes, Turk, & Ervin, 2020; Nygren & Lulinski, 2020). Without question, people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) struggled as the COVID-19 pandemic began and as it has continued. Too many were isolated from friends and family for far too long. Too many were lonely and bored. Too many have not received the support they have needed during the pandemic. Far too many were denied treatment and far too many have died. As a nation we must reflect on what has happened and listen to people with IDD and their families about their experiences. This commentary reflects on the implications of COVID-19 for research, policy, and practice through the lens of people with IDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":51508,"journal":{"name":"Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10724203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Floyd, Catherine L. Costigan, Carly L. Blustein, Jennifer L. Bumble, Sarah Harvey, Lynnette M. Henderson
{"title":"Resúmenes al Español.","authors":"J. Floyd, Catherine L. Costigan, Carly L. Blustein, Jennifer L. Bumble, Sarah Harvey, Lynnette M. Henderson","doi":"10.1352/1944-7558-121.5.463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-121.5.463","url":null,"abstract":"De muestras de tipo transversal (N 1⁄4 106) y longitudinal (N 1⁄4 35) de hermanos (edades 11-38) informaron sobre la cercanı́a y el conflicto en sus relaciones con los hermanos y hermanas con discapacidad intelectual. Por cercanı́a, la CFA distingue sentimientos de cercanı́a emocional de comportamientos de intercambio recı́proco de estos hermanos. Los efectos de la edad y los cambios en el tiempo indican el aumento emocional y una reducción general en los conflictos de la adolescencia a la edad adulta, con un intercambio recı́proco estable. En la muestra transversal, la cercanı́a fue mayor cuando los hermanos estaban involucrados en la prestación de cuidados, y el conflicto fue menor cuando los hermanos ya no residen juntos. La constelación de caracterı́sticas de hermanos (sexo, orden de nacimiento, el espaciamiento de edad) tiene efectos en este periodo de desarrollo limitado. Los resultados apoyan una combinación de cambios en el desarrollo de esperanza de vida y perdurable unión en estas relaciones entre hermanos.","PeriodicalId":51508,"journal":{"name":"Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81038265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emily Lorang, Jinkuk Hong, Leann Smith DaWalt, Marsha Mailick
{"title":"Change in Maladaptive Behavior Affects Intergenerational Relationships in Fragile X Syndrome.","authors":"Emily Lorang, Jinkuk Hong, Leann Smith DaWalt, Marsha Mailick","doi":"10.1352/1944-7558-127.3.231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-127.3.231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the bidirectional effects of change in maladaptive behaviors among adolescents and adults with fragile X syndrome (FXS) and change in their intergenerational family relationships over a 7.5-year period. Indicators of the intergenerational family relationship between premutation carrier mothers and their adolescent or adult son/daughter with FXS included a measure of the quality of the relationship, as well as descriptions provided by mothers of their relationship with their son/daughter (positive remarks, critical remarks). Maladaptive behaviors decreased, maternal positive remarks increased, and maternal critical remarks and relationship quality remained stable over time. Bidirectional effects of change were observed in predicting maladaptive behaviors and maternal positive remarks, although maladaptive behaviors more strongly predicted positive remarks than the reciprocal association. This research suggests prioritizing maladaptive behaviors in the context of family interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":51508,"journal":{"name":"Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9153943/pdf/nihms-1810592.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9747748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jessica Klusek, Shannon L O'Connor, Alexandra Hickey, Kimberly J Hills, Leonard Abbeduto, Jane E Roberts
{"title":"Attention/Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adolescent and Young Adult Males With Fragile X Syndrome.","authors":"Jessica Klusek, Shannon L O'Connor, Alexandra Hickey, Kimberly J Hills, Leonard Abbeduto, Jane E Roberts","doi":"10.1352/1944-7558-127.3.213","DOIUrl":"10.1352/1944-7558-127.3.213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study characterized the rates of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescent and young adult males with fragile X syndrome (FXS) using a multi-method approach integrating a DSM-based parent interview (Children's Interview for Psychiatric Syndromes; P-ChIPS, Fristad et al., 1998) and a parent rating scale (Child Behavior Checklist; CBCL, Achenbach, 2001). Thirty-one males with FXS, aged 16-24 years, participated. Forty-two percent met DSM-5 criteria for ADHD and 35% exceeded the CBCL cut-offs. Agreement between the two classification methods was fair (κ = 0.38). Autism symptom severity and nonverbal cognitive ability did not predict ADHD diagnoses/symptoms. Results show high rates of ADHD in males with FXS during late adolescence and young adulthood, which are not accounted for by impaired nonverbal cognitive skills or autism symptom severity. DSM-based ADHD-specific scales are recommended over broadband symptom scales to improve accurate identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":51508,"journal":{"name":"Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9414675/pdf/nihms-1825086.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9398905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sohei Saima, H. Ihara, Hiroyuki Ogata, Masao Gito, N. Murakami, Y. Oto, Atsushi Ishii, Asami Takahashi, T. Nagai
{"title":"Relationship Between Sensory Processing and Autism Spectrum Disorder-Like Behaviors in Prader-Willi Syndrome.","authors":"Sohei Saima, H. Ihara, Hiroyuki Ogata, Masao Gito, N. Murakami, Y. Oto, Atsushi Ishii, Asami Takahashi, T. Nagai","doi":"10.1352/1944-7558-127.3.249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-127.3.249","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between sensory processing and ASD-like and associated behaviors in patients with Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) remains relatively unexplored. Examining this relationship, 51 adults with PWS were administered the Pervasive Developmental Disorders Autism Society Japan Rating Scale (PARS), Short Sensory Profile (SSP-J), Food-Related Problem Questionnaire (FRPQ), and Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC-J). Based on SSP-J z-scores, participants were classified into three severity groups. Analysis of variance was performed to compare the behavioral scores of these three groups. Statistically significant group differences were observed in PARS (p = .006, ηp2 = .194) and ABC-J (p = .006, ηp2 = .193) scores. Our findings suggest that the level of sensory processing may predict ASD-like and aberrant behaviors in adults with PWS, implying the importance of a proper assessment for early intervention.","PeriodicalId":51508,"journal":{"name":"Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73592578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interventions for Transition-Age Youth With Disabilities: A Meta-Analysis of Group Design Studies.","authors":"S. Crowley","doi":"10.1352/1944-7558-127.3.169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-127.3.169","url":null,"abstract":"This meta-analytic review investigated interventions for transition-age youth diagnosed with autism, intellectual disability, or extensive support needs. Nineteen group design studies with 215 effect sizes met inclusion criteria. A robust variance estimation procedure that accounts for the clustering effect sizes within studies was used to synthesize effect sizes within each intervention and outcome type. Occupational Therapy/Physical Therapy interventions have significant and positive effects on gross motor outcomes (g = 0.73, p < 0.01). All remaining interventions and outcomes could not be synthesized due to a limited number of studies, but are further described in a narrative manner. Recommendations for future research include improving the methodological quality of intervention studies and further analyzing the effects of interventions for transition-age youth.","PeriodicalId":51508,"journal":{"name":"Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86698708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Down Syndrome Cures: Perspectives of People With Down Syndrome and Their Parents.","authors":"Julie M G Rogers, A. Weaver, Rachel D. Havyer","doi":"10.1352/1944-7558-127.3.194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-127.3.194","url":null,"abstract":"Down syndrome (DS) research is advancing rapidly, yet efforts have raised ethical questions. This mixed methods study describes views of people with DS (self-advocates) and their parents regarding medical interventions for DS. Responses from 35/171 (20.5%) self-advocates and 430/867 (49.6%) parents showed the majority of self-advocates were glad they have DS (27/35; 77.1%) and liked who they are (33/35; 94.3%), but did want to learn faster (23/35; 65.7%). Parents much more commonly agreed with a willingness to give medications to prevent Alzheimer's disease (427/429; 99.5%) or blood cancer (428/430; 99.5%) as compared with a medicine to cure DS (225/425; 52.9%). Qualitative comments intertwined DS with identity, yet indicated desire for improved quality of life and opportunities. Responses decoupled DS itself from the complications of DS, with treatment of complications being more acceptable.","PeriodicalId":51508,"journal":{"name":"Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82122143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}