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Working Memory Training in Youth With Autism, Fragile X, and Intellectual Disability: A Pilot Study. 自闭症、脆性X和智力残疾青年的工作记忆训练：一项试点研究。
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.369
Catrina A Calub, Songpoom Benyakorn, Shuai Sun, Ana-Maria Iosif, Lauren H Boyle, Marjorie Solomon, David Hessl, Julie B Schweitzer
{"title":"Working Memory Training in Youth With Autism, Fragile X, and Intellectual Disability: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Catrina A Calub, Songpoom Benyakorn, Shuai Sun, Ana-Maria Iosif, Lauren H Boyle, Marjorie Solomon, David Hessl, Julie B Schweitzer","doi":"10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.369","DOIUrl":"10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This pilot study sought to identify potential markers of improvement from pre-post treatment in response to computerized working memory (WM) training for youth (ages 8-18) with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and comorbid intellectual disability (ID) in a single arm, pre-post design. Participants included 26 children with ASD and 18 with comorbid ASD and fragile X syndrome (ASD+FXS). Analyses were adjusted for age and IQ. The ASD group demonstrated greater improvement on WM training relative to the ASD+FXS group. Participants improved on WM and far transfer outcomes, however, there were no significant group differences in improvement except for repetitive behavior. Higher hyperactivity/impulsivity ratings predicted lower performance on visuospatial WM. Findings suggest cognitive training may be beneficial for youth with ASD and ID, warranting further exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":51508,"journal":{"name":"Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9915337/pdf/nihms-1868169.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9243445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Block Design Performance in Williams Syndrome: Visuospatial Abilities or Task Approach Skills? 威廉姆斯综合征的块设计表现:视觉空间能力还是任务方法技能?
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.390
Elisa Back, Emily K Farran, Jo Van Herwegen
{"title":"Block Design Performance in Williams Syndrome: Visuospatial Abilities or Task Approach Skills?","authors":"Elisa Back,&nbsp;Emily K Farran,&nbsp;Jo Van Herwegen","doi":"10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The block design task (BDT) is a visuospatial measure that individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) perform poorly on. However, it is unclear what underlies their impaired performance. This study investigated whether poorer performance is a result of visuospatial difficulties, executive function (EF) difficulties, atypical looking strategies, or a combination of these. Eleven individuals with WS participated alongside mental age (MA)- and chronological age (CA)-matched control groups. Eye movements were recorded while they took the BDT. Dwell times and visits to areas of interest in WS differed from CA, but not MA, groups. Findings suggest that BDT abilities of individuals with WS are delayed, but not atypical. Delays result from visuospatial and attention-switching difficulties rather than atypical looking strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51508,"journal":{"name":"Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10637384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Strengths and Positive Influences of Children With Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. 胎儿酒精中毒综合症患儿的优势和积极影响。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.355
Carson Kautz-Turnbull, Tangeria R Adams, Christie L M Petrenko
{"title":"The Strengths and Positive Influences of Children With Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders.","authors":"Carson Kautz-Turnbull, Tangeria R Adams, Christie L M Petrenko","doi":"10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.355","DOIUrl":"10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>People with disabilities have not been adequately represented in strengths-based research. This study is the first to examine strengths and positive influences of young children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). Thirty adoptive and relative caregivers of children with FASD reported their children's strengths and positive influences and completed measures on family functioning. Using a conversion mixed design, we described themes in strengths and influences, degree of caregiver positivity and relationships with child and family functioning. Caregivers reported wide-ranging strengths and positive influences. Frequency of adaptive strengths correlated with measures of family functioning, but thematic strengths and positive influences did not. Strengths and positive influences are distinct from measures of functioning and are not well captured in deficit-focused research.</p>","PeriodicalId":51508,"journal":{"name":"Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9428943/pdf/nihms-1728620.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10487817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Improving Social and Play Outcomes for Students With Significant Disabilities During Recess. 改善严重残疾学生在课间休息时的社交和游戏结果。
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.400
Chelsea J Amadi, Matthew E Brock, Mary A Barczak, Eric J Anderson
{"title":"Improving Social and Play Outcomes for Students With Significant Disabilities During Recess.","authors":"Chelsea J Amadi,&nbsp;Matthew E Brock,&nbsp;Mary A Barczak,&nbsp;Eric J Anderson","doi":"10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.400","url":null,"abstract":"For students with autism, recess is often a missed opportunity to develop social competence and relationships. Although interventions have been developed to promote interactions and social skills for students with average or above-average intellectual functioning, there has been less focus on students with autism who have below-average intellectual functioning or who meet the criteria for intellectual disability. In this single-case design study, we tested the efficacy of a combined peer-mediated and social skills instruction intervention on the interactions, play, and social skills of three students with autism who met their state's criteria for alternate assessment for students with significant cognitive disabilities. Social skills instruction featured video models that portrayed same-aged peers demonstrating individualized social skills on the playground. For all three students, there were substantial increases in interactions, play and social skills, and students and their peers provided positive feedback about the intervention.","PeriodicalId":51508,"journal":{"name":"Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10637387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Unique Pain Responses in Different Etiological Subgroups of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. 智力和发育障碍不同病因亚群的独特疼痛反应。
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.417
Ruth Defrin, Tali Benromano, Chaim G Pick
{"title":"Unique Pain Responses in Different Etiological Subgroups of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.","authors":"Ruth Defrin,&nbsp;Tali Benromano,&nbsp;Chaim G Pick","doi":"10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We studied whether there exist variations in pain responses between different intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) etiologies. Self-reports and facial expressions (Facial Action Coding System = FACS) were recorded during experimental pressure stimuli and compared among 31 individuals with IDD-13 with cerebral palsy (CP), nine with Down syndrome (DS), nine with unspecified origin (UIDD)-and among 15 typically developing controls (TDCs). The CP and DS groups had higher pain ratings and FACS scores compared to the UIDD and TDC groups, and steeper stimulus-response functions. The DS group exhibited the most diverse facial expressions. There were variations in the foci of facial expressions between groups. It appears that different IDD etiologies display distinct pain responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":51508,"journal":{"name":"Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10637385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On Terms: What's in a Name? Intellectual Disability and "Condition," "Disorder," "Syndrome," "Disease," and "Disability". 术语:名字里有什么?智力残疾和“状况”、“紊乱”、“综合症”、“疾病”和“残疾”。
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.349
Audrey Thurm, Siddharth Srivastava
{"title":"On Terms: What's in a Name? Intellectual Disability and \"Condition,\" \"Disorder,\" \"Syndrome,\" \"Disease,\" and \"Disability\".","authors":"Audrey Thurm,&nbsp;Siddharth Srivastava","doi":"10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individuals living with intellectual disability can have multiple co-occurring medical conditions including associated genetic diagnoses. The number of genetic etiologies associated with ID is growing, with some quite new and rare, and others more common and associated with what is often considered a syndrome. In the context of genetic etiologies and associated medical comorbidities, appropriate use of descriptive terminology warrants clarification. Using accurate nomenclature is essential for descriptions, especially as terms are used across both research and clinical reports. Here we discuss several terms that may be confused with each other, including \"condition,\" \"disorder,\" \"syndrome,\" \"disease,\" and \"disability.\" Our goal is to shed light on the meanings of the five descriptors and their appropriate use in the ID population, especially in relation to those who have a genetic diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":51508,"journal":{"name":"Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10637386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Resúmenes al Español. 英文摘要。
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Pub Date : 2022-08-26 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.433
{"title":"Resúmenes al Español.","authors":"","doi":"10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.433","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51508,"journal":{"name":"Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82634452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Résumés en Français. 英文摘要。
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Pub Date : 2022-08-26 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.431
{"title":"Résumés en Français.","authors":"","doi":"10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.431","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51508,"journal":{"name":"Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79774646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluating Verbal Fluency Outcome Measures in Children With Down Syndrome. 评估唐氏综合症儿童语言流畅性结果测量。
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-127.4.328
Catelyn N Smeyne, Anna J Esbensen, Emily K Schworer, Shequanna Belizaire, Emily K Hoffman, Dean W Beebe, Susan Wiley
{"title":"Evaluating Verbal Fluency Outcome Measures in Children With Down Syndrome.","authors":"Catelyn N Smeyne,&nbsp;Anna J Esbensen,&nbsp;Emily K Schworer,&nbsp;Shequanna Belizaire,&nbsp;Emily K Hoffman,&nbsp;Dean W Beebe,&nbsp;Susan Wiley","doi":"10.1352/1944-7558-127.4.328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-127.4.328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluates the psychometric properties of a verbal fluency task for potential use as an outcome measure in future clinical trials involving children with Down syndrome. Eighty-five participants attempted a modified version of the Neuropsychological Assessment of Children, Second Edition Word Generation Task at two time points. In the full sample, the measure fell below a priori reliability and feasibility criteria, though feasibility of the semantic trials were higher than feasibility of the phonemic trials. Performance on the measure correlated with chronological age and IQ scores, and no sex-related effects were found. Additional analyses suggested that the semantic verbal fluency trials might be appropriate for children with Down syndrome 10 years of age and older.</p>","PeriodicalId":51508,"journal":{"name":"Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9487840/pdf/nihms-1761510.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9722783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
The Quality of Everyday Eye Contact in Williams Syndrome: Insights From Cross-Syndrome Comparisons. 威廉姆斯综合症患者日常眼神交流的质量:来自交叉综合症比较的见解。
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-127.4.293
Ellen Ridley, Bronia Arnott, Deborah M Riby, D Michael Burt, Mary Hanley, Susan R Leekam
{"title":"The Quality of Everyday Eye Contact in Williams Syndrome: Insights From Cross-Syndrome Comparisons.","authors":"Ellen Ridley,&nbsp;Bronia Arnott,&nbsp;Deborah M Riby,&nbsp;D Michael Burt,&nbsp;Mary Hanley,&nbsp;Susan R Leekam","doi":"10.1352/1944-7558-127.4.293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-127.4.293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Past research shows that individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) have heightened and prolonged eye contact. Using parent report measures, we examined not only the presence of eye contact but also its qualitative features. Study 1 included individuals with WS (n = 22, ages 6.0-36.3). Study 2 included children with different neurodevelopmental (ND) conditions (WS, autism spectrum condition, fragile X syndrome, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) and children with neurotypical development (NT; n = 262, ages 4.0-17.11). Unusual eye contact features, including staring, were found in approximately half of the WS samples. However, other features such as brief glances were frequently found in WS and in all ND conditions, but not NT. Future research in ND conditions should focus on qualitative as well as quantitative features of eye contact.</p>","PeriodicalId":51508,"journal":{"name":"Ajidd-American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10434998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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