Anxiety Stress and CopingPub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-01-22DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2024.2306530
Pascal Schlechter, Jens H Hellmann, Nexhmedin Morina
{"title":"The longitudinal relationship between well-being comparisons and anxiety symptoms in the context of uncontrollability of worries and external locus of control: a two-wave study.","authors":"Pascal Schlechter, Jens H Hellmann, Nexhmedin Morina","doi":"10.1080/10615806.2024.2306530","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10615806.2024.2306530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anxiety is a prevalent mental health condition. Comparisons of one's own well-being to different aversive standards may contribute to the development and maintenance of anxiety symptoms.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Our primary goal was to investigate whether aversive well-being comparisons predict anxiety symptoms and vice versa. Additionally, we aimed at examining exploratorily whether well-being comparisons are reciprocally related to metacognitive beliefs about worrying and external control beliefs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this two-wave longitudinal survey design, 922 participants completed measures of anxiety, metacognitions about the uncontrollability of worries, external locus of control, and the Comparison Standards Scale for Well-being (CSS-W) at two timepoints, three-months apart. The CSS-W assesses the frequency, perceived discrepancy, and affective impact of social, temporal, counterfactual, and criteria-based comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When autoregressive effects were adjusted for, aversive comparison frequency, comparison affective impact, and uncontrollability of worries at the first timepoint predicted subsequent anxiety symptoms. Furthermore, well-being comparison frequency and discrepancy at the second timepoint were predicted by baseline anxiety symptoms. External locus of control predicted comparison frequency and discrepancy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Well-being comparisons contribute distinct variance to anxiety symptoms and vice versa, pointing to a vicious cirlcle of symptom escalation. These findings have significant implications for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":51415,"journal":{"name":"Anxiety Stress and Coping","volume":" ","pages":"602-614"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139512017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anxiety Stress and CopingPub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2023-12-05DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2023.2290667
Ömer Taha Sözer, Çiğdem Dereboy, İpek İzgialp
{"title":"How is variability in physiological responses to social stress related to punishment and reward sensitivities? Preliminary findings from the revised reinforcement sensitivity theory of personality perspective.","authors":"Ömer Taha Sözer, Çiğdem Dereboy, İpek İzgialp","doi":"10.1080/10615806.2023.2290667","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10615806.2023.2290667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Although personality traits are assumed to have biological/physiological foundations, research has yielded mixed evidence regarding the relationship between personality and physiological stress responses. Moreover, the field has often overlooked the contemporary neuroscience-based personality approach, known as the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST) of Personality, in stress research.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The present study examined the relationship between the revised RST's personality dimensions and heart rate and skin conductance level (SCL) in response to the Trier Social Stress Test in a sample of 61 healthy university students.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Piecewise latent growth curve analysis controlling for the participants' current life stress, smoking use, and caffeine intake revealed that individuals with higher behavioral inhibition exhibited higher physiological reactivity, whereas those with high reward sensitivity showed smaller heart rate reactivity. The behavioral disengagement facet of the behavioral inhibition scale was associated with reduced sympathetic arousal during the stress task. Additionally, reward interest was associated with a larger recovery of SCL.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results were generally in line with the revised theory. The study findings were discussed within the paradigm of the approach-avoidance conflict and highlighted the importance of reward sensitivity in stress resilience.</p>","PeriodicalId":51415,"journal":{"name":"Anxiety Stress and Coping","volume":" ","pages":"667-684"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138489086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anxiety Stress and CopingPub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-03-27DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2024.2332628
John B Nezlek, Marzena Cypryańska
{"title":"Relationships between climate change distress, generalized anxiety, and climate-related symptoms of mental disorders.","authors":"John B Nezlek, Marzena Cypryańska","doi":"10.1080/10615806.2024.2332628","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10615806.2024.2332628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>We examined the possibility that reactions to climate change take two forms: distress, which may be adaptive, and symptoms of mental disorders, which may not be.</p><p><strong>Design and method: </strong>In a national sample of Polish adults (<i>n</i> = 1133), we measured climate change distress (experiencing unpleasant emotions and feelings due to climate change), climate-related symptoms of mental disorders (e.g., problems sleeping and problems working and planning), generalized anxiety, and depression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Zero-inflated Poisson regression analyses of the occurrence of climate-related symptoms of mental disorders found two latent classes: People who experienced symptoms of the disorder and those who did not. For all eight symptoms, climate change distress predicted membership in the latent class of people who experienced a symptom, whereas how often people in the non-zero latent class experienced each symptom was positively related to generalized anxiety but was not related to distress or depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that reactions to climate change take two forms. Some people do not experience climate change-related symptoms of mental disorders, and some do. People who experience symptoms have higher levels of climate change distress, and the frequency with which they experience these symptoms is determined by their dispositional, generalized anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":51415,"journal":{"name":"Anxiety Stress and Coping","volume":" ","pages":"545-557"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140295227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anxiety Stress and CopingPub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2023-12-17DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2023.2295476
Rocío Linares, Santiago Pelegrina, Rafael Delgado-Rodríguez
{"title":"Emotional processing of math-related words in people with math anxiety.","authors":"Rocío Linares, Santiago Pelegrina, Rafael Delgado-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1080/10615806.2023.2295476","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10615806.2023.2295476","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research exploring emotional responses to math-related words in individuals with math anxiety (MA) is scarce. Here, we examined MA participants' subjective emotional processing of math-related cues within Lang's bioinformational model of emotion to further understand the role of those cues in MA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 41 high-MA and 32 low-MA undergraduates rated math-related words, along with neutral, pleasant, and unpleasant words, from the Affective Norms for English Words. The Self-Assessment Manikin was used to calculate valence, arousal, and dominance scores for each word.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The low-MA group rated math-related words as neutral on the three emotional scales, however, the high-MA group rated them lower and higher for valence and dominance than neutral and unpleasant words, respectively. Moreover, math-related words were rated as more and less activating than neutral and unpleasant words, respectively. The two groups significantly differed in scores on the three scales only for the math-related words.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results provide evidence that individuals with high MA show altered emotional processing of math-related words, experiencing them as moderately aversive and moderately activating. The findings emphasize that the altered emotional processing of words associated with math should be considered a symptom of MA.</p>","PeriodicalId":51415,"journal":{"name":"Anxiety Stress and Coping","volume":" ","pages":"651-666"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138810278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anxiety Stress and CopingPub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-01-25DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2024.2307466
Kamila A Szczyglowski, Nancy L Kocovski
{"title":"To avoid or not to avoid: impact of self-compassion on safety behaviors in social situations.","authors":"Kamila A Szczyglowski, Nancy L Kocovski","doi":"10.1080/10615806.2024.2307466","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10615806.2024.2307466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Safety behaviors are commonly used to decrease anxiety in social settings but maintain anxiety. Self-compassion has been shown to reduce anxiety and rumination, but the impact on safety behaviors has not been examined. For the present studies, it was hypothesized that inducing self-compassion would lead to lower safety behaviors compared to controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In Study 1 (<i>N</i> = 390), participants with elevated social anxiety recalled a distressing social situation, were randomly assigned to a self-compassionate (<i>n </i>= 186) or control (<i>n </i>= 204) writing exercise, and then reported predicted self-compassion and safety behaviors for a future situation. In Study 2 (<i>N</i> = 114), the impact of self-compassionate (<i>n </i>= 56) or control writing (<i>n</i> = 58) on safety behaviors was investigated during a Zoom interaction.</p><p><strong>Results/conclusions: </strong>In Study 1, as hypothesized, the self-compassion condition reported fewer expected avoidance behaviors compared to controls. In Study 2, state self-compassion and safety behaviors did not differ between conditions. In both studies, distress significantly mediated the relationship between condition and safety behaviors, such that the self-compassion condition reported significantly lower distress, which was associated with lower safety behaviors. Future research can examine whether reduced distress and safety behaviors allow for greater social connection.</p>","PeriodicalId":51415,"journal":{"name":"Anxiety Stress and Coping","volume":" ","pages":"587-601"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139565223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anxiety Stress and CopingPub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-01-24DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2024.2307465
Brett A Messman, Sidonia E Compton, Ifrah Majeed, Nicole H Weiss, Ateka A Contractor
{"title":"Beyond the mean: examining associations between intraindividual variability in posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and posttrauma reckless behaviors.","authors":"Brett A Messman, Sidonia E Compton, Ifrah Majeed, Nicole H Weiss, Ateka A Contractor","doi":"10.1080/10615806.2024.2307465","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10615806.2024.2307465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Posttrauma reckless behaviors have been linked to the onset and exacerbation of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. However, PTSD symptoms fluctuate across time, triggered by environmental stimuli in daily life, referred to as (intraindividual) variability in PTSD symptoms.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We utilized experience sampling methods to investigate associations between engagement in posttrauma reckless behaviors and variability in PTSD symptoms and the moderating role of emotion dysregulation in this association.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 166 trauma-exposed university students (<i>M</i><sub>age </sub>= 21.43 ± 5.07, 85.4% women) were collected between January 2019 to August 2020. Participants completed baseline and follow-up surveys to assess engagement in posttrauma reckless behaviors and daily surveys (10-days) to assess variability in PTSD symptoms. <b>Results.</b> Analyzes indicated greater baseline engagement in posttrauma reckless behaviors was associated with greater 10-day variability in PTSD symptoms (β = 0.23, <i>p </i>= .031), and baseline emotion dysregulation moderated this association (β = -0.33, <i>p </i>= .003). Additionally, greater 10-day variability in PTSD symptoms was associated with greater follow-up engagement in posttrauma reckless behaviors (β = 0.14, <i>p </i>= .045).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings substantiate the interplay between engagement in posttrauma reckless behaviors and daily fluctuations in PTSD symptoms and support therapeutically targeting both engagement in posttrauma reckless behaviors and emotion dysregulation to impact PTSD symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":51415,"journal":{"name":"Anxiety Stress and Coping","volume":" ","pages":"615-631"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11266525/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139547510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anxiety Stress and CopingPub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-02-29DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2024.2324252
Nicolas Gillet, Alexandre J S Morin, Claude Fernet, Stéphanie Austin, Tiphaine Huyghebaert-Zouaghi
{"title":"A longitudinal person-centered investigation of the multidimensional nature of employees' perceptions of challenge and hindrance demands at work.","authors":"Nicolas Gillet, Alexandre J S Morin, Claude Fernet, Stéphanie Austin, Tiphaine Huyghebaert-Zouaghi","doi":"10.1080/10615806.2024.2324252","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10615806.2024.2324252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>This research relies on a combination of variable- and person-centered approaches to help improve our understanding of the dimensionality of job demands by jointly considering employees' global levels of job demands, exposure and their specific levels of exposure to challenge and hindrance demands.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>We relied on a sample of 442 workers who completed a questionnaire twice over three months. Our analyses sought to identify the nature of the job demands profiles experienced by these workers, to document the stability of these profiles over time, and to assess their associations with theoretically-relevant outcomes (i.e., work engagement, job boredom, problem-solving pondering, work-related rumination, proactive health behaviors, and sleep quality and quantity). Furthermore, we examined whether these profiles and associations differed as a function of working remotely or onsite.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five profiles were identified and found to be highly stable over time: Globally Exposed, Not Exposed, Not Exposed but Challenged, Exposed but Not Challenged, and Mixed. These profiles shared clear associations with all outcomes, with the most adaptive outcomes associated with the Exposed but Not Challenged profile, whereas the most detrimental ones were observed in the Mixed profile. However, none of these results differed across employees working onsite and those working remotely.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings have theoretical and practical implications regarding the effects of work characteristics on employees' functioning.</p>","PeriodicalId":51415,"journal":{"name":"Anxiety Stress and Coping","volume":" ","pages":"558-586"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139998201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guillaume Levillain, Guillaume Martinent, Michel Nicolas
{"title":"Longitudinal trajectories of intensity and direction of emotions among athletes in sports competitions: do defense mechanisms matter?","authors":"Guillaume Levillain, Guillaume Martinent, Michel Nicolas","doi":"10.1080/10615806.2024.2394800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2024.2394800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study explored whether several subgroups of athletes representing distinct trajectories of intensity and direction of pleasant and unpleasant emotions (anger, anxiety, dejection, excitement, and happiness) could be shown to exist within the latent growth analysis (LCGA). A secondary objective was to examine whether athletes belonging to distinct trajectories of intensity and direction of emotions reported distinct scores of adaptive defense mechanisms (ADM) and maladaptive defense mechanisms (MDM).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A longitudinal four-wave measurement design was used in the present study.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>380 athletes completed the sports emotion questionnaire direction across four measurement times and the defense style questionnaire at the beginning of the season.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results of LCGAs revealed several distinct emotional trajectories for each emotion intensity and emotion direction. Moreover, athletes belonging to distinct (adaptive or maladaptive) trajectories reported significantly different scores of ADM and MDM. Higher scores of ADM were reported by athletes belonging to adaptive trajectories of the direction of emotions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sports psychologists should try to promote ADM and defensive flexibility to help athletes perceive their emotions as facilitative.</p>","PeriodicalId":51415,"journal":{"name":"Anxiety Stress and Coping","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142114595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anxiety Stress and CopingPub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2023-10-03DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2023.2265307
Benjamin R Meagher, Brynn Anderson
{"title":"There's no place like dorm: actual-ideal dorm ambiance as a unique predictor of undergraduate mental health.","authors":"Benjamin R Meagher, Brynn Anderson","doi":"10.1080/10615806.2023.2265307","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10615806.2023.2265307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b>Undergraduate students are a high risk population for mental health challenges. Critically, residing in a setting that fails to evoke desired emotions and perceptions may have important implications for psychological wellbeing. Although previous research has investigated the relationship between student satisfaction and architecture/building amenities, little research has investigated how the ambiance of students' residences relates to mental health. Across a pair of studies, we evaluate the relationship between actual-ideal ambiance congruency (A-IAC) and mental health outcomes and mood. In Study 1, participants completed a pair of Q-sort tasks that required them to describe both their ideal room ambiance and their current room's actual ambiance. The discrepancy between these sorts was predictive of depressive symptoms, even when controlling for key covariates (e.g., personality, health, academics). In Study 2, these results were replicated among roommate pairs using dyadic analyses, while also being predictive of anxiety symptoms. Collectively, these studies reveal a novel environmental predictor of student wellbeing that can be of value for university staff. Ultimately, these findings suggest that having the ability to create one's ideal space may prove to be beneficial and possibly protective for the mental health of undergraduate university students.</p>","PeriodicalId":51415,"journal":{"name":"Anxiety Stress and Coping","volume":" ","pages":"446-459"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41174944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anxiety Stress and CopingPub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2023-12-04DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2023.2280701
Yagmur Amanvermez, Eirini Karyotaki, Pim Cuijpers, Marketa Ciharova, Ronny Bruffaerts, Ronald C Kessler, Anke M Klein, Reinout W Wiers, Leonore M de Wit
{"title":"Sources of stress among domestic and international students: a cross-sectional study of university students in Amsterdam, The Netherlands.","authors":"Yagmur Amanvermez, Eirini Karyotaki, Pim Cuijpers, Marketa Ciharova, Ronny Bruffaerts, Ronald C Kessler, Anke M Klein, Reinout W Wiers, Leonore M de Wit","doi":"10.1080/10615806.2023.2280701","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10615806.2023.2280701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High perceived stress is associated with psychological and academic difficulties among college students. In this study, we aimed to investigate associations of student status (international vs domestic student in the Netherlands) with eight common sources of stress (i.e., financial, health, love life, relationship with family, relationship with people at work/ school, the health of loved ones, other problems of loved ones, and life in general). Participants were 2,196 college students (domestic: <i>n</i> = 1,642, international: <i>n</i> = 554) from two universities in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were used to estimate associations of student status with all eight sources of stress. Student status was significantly associated with higher levels of perceived stress in almost all life domains. International student status was significantly associated with higher perceived stress in the domains of financial situation and health of loved ones after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and other sources of stress. Findings highlight that several differences exist in the magnitude of perceived stress in certain areas between international and domestic students in the Netherlands. Consequently, it is essential to uncover the different needs of college students and develop specific strategies to deliver the most suitable services.</p>","PeriodicalId":51415,"journal":{"name":"Anxiety Stress and Coping","volume":" ","pages":"428-445"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138479266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}