Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities最新文献

{"title":"Caregiver-Reported Preventive Oral Health Practices and Satisfaction With Dental Treatment Under General Anaesthesia Among Adolescents and Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Ceyda Gizem Topal,&nbsp;Osman Yalçın,&nbsp;Eda Kirazcı,&nbsp;Nuray Bağcı,&nbsp;Ilkay Peker","doi":"10.1111/jar.70318","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jar.70318","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>People with intellectual disabilities depend on family caregivers for daily oral care, yet caregiver-reported practices are rarely examined alongside satisfaction with dental treatment under general anaesthesia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cross-sectional survey of 62 family caregivers of adolescents and adults with intellectual disabilities (median age 24.5 years, range 16–74) treated under general anaesthesia at Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye. An investigator-developed questionnaire was administered face to face. Scores were analysed using analysis of variance and linear regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reported practices were limited: 95.2% never used interdental cleaning and 66.1% never or rarely attended annual check-ups. Satisfaction was high (median 49 of 65). Higher maternal education was associated with higher composite scores (<i>p</i> = 0.002). The composite and satisfaction scores were not significantly associated (<i>p</i> = 0.553).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Satisfaction with treatment under general anaesthesia showed no association with reported preventive care and should not be assumed to indicate that such care is adequate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51403,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Toolkit to Support Self-Report Questionnaires for Autistic Adults With Cognitive Disability","authors":"Vicky Caron,&nbsp;Isabelle Courcy,&nbsp;Isabelle Soulières","doi":"10.1111/jar.70316","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jar.70316","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Autistic individuals with cognitive disability are underrepresented in research using self-report measures. This study aimed to develop a toolkit of customizable accommodations to facilitate self-report and to explore its usability through implementation with quality of life (QoL) questionnaires.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A consultation process in three rounds was conducted with 10 experts in autism and/or cognitive disability to identify accommodations. The resulting accommodations were implemented with QoL questionnaires (WHOQoL-BREF-ID, WHOQoL-DIS-ID, ASQoL). Twenty-two autistic participants with cognitive disability, accompanied by a parent, completed the questionnaires. Feedback interviews explored participants' experiences with the accommodations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sixty-four accommodations and a cross-cutting concern: the need for a flexible protocol were retained in the toolkit. Feedback supported the usefulness of several accommodations while highlighting areas for improvement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This toolkit facilitates self-report among autistic individuals with cognitive disabilities, which is crucial for valid QoL assessments and development of relevant services.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51403,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13665655/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Between Education and the Labour Market: People With Intellectual Disabilities and Their Environment in a Vicious Circle of Work Perception","authors":"Zbigniew Głąb,&nbsp;Jakub Niedbalski","doi":"10.1111/jar.70314","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jar.70314","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite extensive debate on social policy and the growing range of instruments aimed at professional activation, the employment rate of people with intellectual disabilities remains low. This study seeks to identify the underlying causes of this situation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The research is based on 132 in-depth interviews conducted in Poland with people with intellectual disabilities and members of their immediate social environment. Data were analyzed using grounded theory methodology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prevailing social perceptions frame work for people with intellectual disabilities as largely theoretical, rendering it a distant and often unattainable aspiration. This dynamic contributes to a self-reinforcing cycle of beliefs about the employability of this group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A fundamental barrier lies in the still incomplete global transformation in thinking about disability—from a charitable-medical model toward a social and human rights model. The Findings reveal the potential for change in local communities where such a transformation is already underway.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51403,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149171484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Makes Community Inclusion Work for Older Adults With an Intellectual Disability? An Application of the Normalisation Process Theory","authors":"L. Taggart,&nbsp;A. Campbell,&nbsp;I. Doherty,&nbsp;K. Ensue,&nbsp;H. Ahmed,&nbsp;A. Hanna,&nbsp;L. Armstrong,&nbsp;B. Bunting,&nbsp;A. Ryan,&nbsp;C. O'Neill,&nbsp;M. Clarke,&nbsp;B. Leahy,&nbsp;S. Willis,&nbsp;J. Schofield,&nbsp;R. Stancliffe,&nbsp;A. Hassiotis","doi":"10.1111/jar.70317","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jar.70317","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Older adults with intellectual disability experience high levels of loneliness and social exclusion. MATILDA is a community-based intervention supporting participation in mainstream community groups through volunteer mentors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To use Normalisation Process Theory (NPT) to explore the processes, mechanisms, and barriers influencing implementation and sustainability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A qualitative study (focus groups and interviews with 29 adults with intellectual disability, volunteer mentors, intellectual disability staff, and community-group managers) across two UK sites. Data analysed using an NPT-informed framework.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Implementation was supported through sense-making, engagement, collective action, and appraisal. Key mechanisms included Volunteer Co-ordinators, mentor support, participant-group matching, adaptable community groups, and strong relationships. Community inclusion emerged as relational work. Staffing pressures, transport difficulties, and resource constraints limited participation for some individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MATILDA shows potential as a sustainable community inclusion intervention. Successful implementation depends on programme components and the relational and organisational work needed to support participation and belonging.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ISRCTN, ISRCTN15294181. Registered 20th December 2022, https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN15294181</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51403,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13655481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149170579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing and Delivering a Dissemination Programme With Co-Researchers With Intellectual Disabilities","authors":"Olivia Hewitt,&nbsp;Michael Larkin,&nbsp;Peter E. Langdon","doi":"10.1111/jar.70313","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jar.70313","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While dissemination is core to the research cycle, producing accessible materials has received scant attention. Having finished a co-designed project we wanted to share our findings with a range of audiences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using the community engaged research dissemination (CERD) framework helped identify a range of dissemination audiences and appropriate materials. Various dissemination materials were co-created with facilitators. Focus groups and interviews explored people's experiences of taking part in this process and analysed using Template Analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A dissemination matrix collated various dissemination audiences. We created dissemination materials including a film, zine, infographic and easy-read document. Through focus groups we found that co-researchers with intellectual disabilities appreciated being meaningfully involved with dissemination and could make a range of engaging materials, reflecting their experiences of the project.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Guidance to help co-research teams successfully complete this essential research task is offered. Involving co-researchers in this stage ensured materials were accessible.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51403,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13631806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149119741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental Health of Caregivers of Adults With Neurodevelopmental Disabilities","authors":"Maira Tafolla,&nbsp;Kyle Sterrett,&nbsp;Catherine Lord","doi":"10.1111/jar.70309","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jar.70309","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As individuals with neurodevelopmental disabilities transition to adulthood, the experiences of their caregivers change, and caregivers' roles may be different from when their children were young. During this transitional period, there are few integrated supports for caregivers, which can affect their mental health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using a sample of caregivers (<i>N</i> = 106), this study aimed to identify protective and risk factors of caregiver mental health outcomes including the behavioural characteristics of their adults with neurodevelopmental disabilities (at age 18), sociodemographic, and psychosocial factors in a well-characterised longitudinal sample.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sociodemographic factors and psychosocial characteristics, and not characteristics of their adult children, are robust predictors of caregiver mental health during middle age (mean age = 56.81, SD = 5.39).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We discuss important formal and natural supports that can work together to promote caregivers' mental health as their children transition to adulthood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51403,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149119719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Home-Based Opportunities and Self-Determination in Youth: When Intellectual Disability Shapes the Impact of Context","authors":"Araceli Arellano,&nbsp;Cristina Cañete-Massé,&nbsp;Clara Andrés-Gárriz,&nbsp;Cristina Mumbardó-Adam","doi":"10.1111/jar.70312","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jar.70312","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Home is a key context to foster self-determination. This study examined whether intellectual disability moderates the relationship between home-based opportunities to engage in self-determined actions and self-determination levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Middle and high school students with and without intellectual disabilities (aged 13–22) completed the AIR-S questionnaire, which evaluates self-determination capacity and opportunities at home. A moderation model was used to examine the relationship between home opportunities and self-determination, as well as the moderating role of intellectual disability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A positive association was found between home-based opportunities and self-determination. Although intellectual disability was not a significant direct predictor of self-determination, once opportunities were considered, it significantly moderated this relationship, indicating that the positive association between opportunities at home and self-determination became progressively stronger as levels of intellectual disability increased.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Home-based opportunities play a critical role in fostering self-determination. Intellectual disability conditions how strongly supportive environments translate into self-determined actions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51403,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13625027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149083058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who Are My Friends? The Friendship Networks of Adults With Intellectual Disability","authors":"Fann Tay,&nbsp;Kenneth K. Poon","doi":"10.1111/jar.70311","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jar.70311","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This mixed methods study examined the social networks of adults with intellectual disability (ID), alongside a matched group of typically developing (TD) adults, with ‘friends’ defined from their perspectives.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants identified their friends among those they interacted with in their day-to-day and former contexts, and described what a friend meant to them. Quantitative and qualitative findings were integrated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adults with ID had smaller friendship networks and less social support than TD adults. The majority of friends of ID and TD adults were from current and former contexts, respectively. Adults with ID defined a friend by knowing the person and doing shared actions/activities, whereas TD adults emphasised emotional support.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding the friendships of adults with ID requires attention to their perspectives. Their friendships are grounded in context-specific shared actions/activities with people they know, highlighting the importance of providing regular opportunities to engage with familiar others over time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51403,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149083080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences of Stigma Among Parents With Intellectual Disability: A Systematic Review and Thematic Synthesis","authors":"Ben McFarlane,&nbsp;Zoey Robinson,&nbsp;David Curran,&nbsp;Stephanie Burns","doi":"10.1111/jar.70306","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jar.70306","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parents with intellectual disabilities experience stigma across parenting, professional and child protection contexts, yet existing systematic reviews have focused primarily on support needs and interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic review and thematic synthesis was conducted to explore qualitative research on the lived experiences of stigma among parents with intellectual disabilities. Searches were conducted across CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Scopus. Twenty-three studies met inclusion criteria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Five analytical themes were identified: (1) Constructing parents as incompetent; (2) Regulating parenthood through surveillance and control; (3) Structural harm: Violence, coercion and family separation; (4) Living with stigma: identity, emotional impact and parenting experience; and (5) Negotiating and resisting stigma through support and agency.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Stigma shaped parents' identities, relationships with professionals and family outcomes, while parents actively resisted deficit-based assumptions. Findings highlight the need for accessible strengths-based supports.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51403,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13622401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149077032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioural Interventions for Menstrual Hygiene Independence in Girls and Women With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: A Structured Narrative Review","authors":"Sarah Alzahrani,&nbsp;Abdulrhman Ashgar","doi":"10.1111/jar.70307","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jar.70307","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Menstrual hygiene management is a critical self-care skill supporting independence, autonomy and dignity for girls and women with intellectual and developmental disabilities; yet it has received limited focused instructional research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This structured narrative review synthesised peer-reviewed studies evaluating behavioural interventions to increase independent menstrual hygiene skills. Seven eligible studies were identified and descriptively analyzed for instructional methods, intervention agents, outcomes and social validity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Behavioural interventions incorporating prompting, chaining, reinforcement and task analysis were generally associated with improvements in menstrual hygiene performance. However, intervention approaches, participant outcomes and assessment methods varied across studies, and the magnitude and consistency of improvement differed across participants and instructional conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The available literature suggests that behavioural interventions may support menstrual hygiene skill acquisition among girls and women with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Although improvements were reported across studies, participant outcomes varied. Future research should prioritise person-centred approaches and a more comprehensive assessment of maintenance, generalisation and social validity outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51403,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149070618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}