Conservation Science and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Prospects for the long-term persistence of a severely endangered plant, Consolea corallicola (Cactaceae)","authors":"Peter Stiling,&nbsp;Janice Duquesnel,&nbsp;Gordon Fox","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The semaphore cactus, <i>Consolea corallicola</i>, is an endangered tree cactus endemic to just two sites in the Florida Keys. Since the 1980s, it has been threatened by the arrival of an invasive cactus-eating moth, <i>Cactoblastis cactorum</i>, rot, and, more recently, by sea level rise. Between 1996 and 2017, we outplanted 641 propagated cacti at 10 different sites in the Lower Keys and 632 cacti at 19 sites in the Upper Keys in an effort to increase the population size. Some sites were actively managed, and others were not. Persistence of outplanted cacti was poor, with no long-term survival at 17 sites and low survival at most others. <i>Cactoblastis</i> accounted for 9% of deaths, but crown rot, caused by a pathogenic fungus, <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>, was the leading cause of death, accounting for 77% of mortality. Elevated soil moisture likely contributes to the high levels of crown rot. Cages to protect cacti from <i>Cactoblastis</i> and fertilization to alleviate the effects of crown rot did not increase survival rates. Observed saltwater intrusion and storms killed an additional 6% and 4% of cacti, respectively. Taken together as a whole, increased water levels and soil moisture are likely responsible for 87% of the mortality of our outplanted cacti. Cacti at actively managed sites did not survive better than those that were not actively managed. Given the likelihood of increasing sea levels, storm strength, and storm frequency, future strategies to save this iconic plant from extinction should include more outplantings at higher elevation sites, with as many individuals as possible, on higher ground with more consideration given to the ecology and genetics of its close relatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating ecological efficiency of voluntary conservation policy in boreal forest conservation","authors":"Jani Hohti,&nbsp;Anssi Lensu,&nbsp;Mikko Mönkkönen,&nbsp;Janne S. Kotiaho","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<p>There is a global call for more efficient voluntary conservation practices. Voluntary conservation requires landowner participation, which may limit conservation efficiency. Here, we evaluated the ecological costs and benefits of a voluntary conservation policy relative to obligatory conservation, two hypothetical scenarios of randomly distributed conservation area networks, and two hypothetical ecologically optimized conservation area networks. The study was based on spatial conservation prioritization maps reflecting the conservation priority of forest in Central Finland. Our results suggest that voluntary conservation area networks can be relatively cost-efficient with higher nature values and better connectivity compared to a randomly selected conservation area network. Voluntary conservation area networks scored slightly higher nature values than the obligatory conservation area network but suffered from lower connectivity and smaller area size. Quality differences between the voluntary conservation area networks were minor. Our analysis showed that neither of the voluntary conservation area networks achieved its full conservation potential when compared to an ecologically optimized conservation area network. Thus, our results indicate that the societal pursuit of landowner's conservation acceptance, and hence rejection of the systematic conservation planning, has come with a cost of reduced nature values and connectivity in the current conservation area network.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of Swiss regional nature parks on agricultural earnings","authors":"Marina Cracco,&nbsp;Christian Ritzel","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The establishment of Swiss regional nature parks has been coupled with the need for sustainable regional development. Regional nature parks are one type of park in Switzerland, which may be considered analogous to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature's Protected Area Management Category V. These regional nature parks differ from other Swiss parks in their objectives and management. Some researchers and decision makers consider regional nature parks as instruments for bridging the development divide between economically advantaged and disadvantaged areas. The natural capital of regional nature parks may attract economic opportunities, generating agritourism and increasing regional agricultural product demands. The agricultural sector is especially vital for these regions. Regional park status may cause economic benefits through the intensification of agritourism or increasing sales of regional labeled products. Accordingly, our study examines the effect of gaining regional nature park status on farm earnings. For this purpose, we used agricultural earnings submitted to the Old Age and Survivors' Insurance System in regional nature parks established between 2010 and 2013 and compared them with the agricultural earnings of non-regional park areas in Switzerland. We hypothesized that regional nature park status had no effect on the agricultural earnings of farmers inside a park. Employing causal analysis methods (i.e., matching in combination with a difference-in-difference estimator), we analyzed the regional nature park effect on agricultural earnings at the national, regional, and individual levels. The results show that for most regional nature parks, regional park status had neither statistically significant positive nor negative effects on agricultural earnings. As we included most of the parks belonging to one park category (regional nature parks), we extended our results to that entire category. Our results serve as a basis for policymakers and park managers to adapt current activities and design and implement measures to enhance the economic situation of farmers in these regional parks.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Giant pandas hold great potential umbrella effectiveness for golden snub-nosed monkeys under climate change","authors":"Jia-Wen Liu,&nbsp;Yang Yu,&nbsp;Rui-Feng Wu,&nbsp;Wen-Bo Li,&nbsp;Cyril C. Grueter,&nbsp;Xue-Lin Jin,&nbsp;Yang Teng,&nbsp;Ying Shen,&nbsp;Ming Li","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Umbrella species are widely used as conservation strategies for the design of reserves. However, empirical data on their potential effectiveness, particularly in the context of climate change, is limited and inconclusive. Here, we evaluated the potential umbrella effectiveness of the giant panda (<i>Ailuropoda melanoleuca</i>) and its reserve network in the Qinling Mountains for the conservation of sympatric golden snub-nosed monkeys (<i>Rhinopithecus roxellana</i>) under climate change. We modeled their current and future habitat suitability index (HSI) by using the MaxEnt model and analyzed their current and future spatial congruence of HSI. Their suitable areas were also overlaid onto the boundaries and management zones of the reserve network. Subsequently, we designed a series of indices to assess the potential umbrella effectiveness of the reserve network under climate change. Our results indicate that their habitat spatial congruence will remain high in the future. The suitable habitat of giant pandas overlaps substantially with that of golden snub-nosed monkeys in both present and future. Importantly, the umbrella effectiveness of the reserve network for the golden snub-nosed monkey will not decrease. However, there are still some protection gaps shared by them outside the reserve network. Overall, our results demonstrate that the giant panda and its reserve network can serve as an effective umbrella for the golden snub-nosed monkey under climate change, providing theoretical support to the application of umbrella species under climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving coexistence with the sun bear (Helarctos malayanus) in northeastern India: The provision of practical co-benefits to communities is critical to achieving long-term outreach impact","authors":"Sushanto Gouda,&nbsp;Anthony J. Giordano","doi":"10.1111/csp2.13305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.13305","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Most global bear populations are declining. Building public support for bear conservation, however, and overcoming community intolerance of human–bear conflict, often requires continuous and adaptive efforts. Whenever possible, such efforts could also innovatively address local needs. Here, we attempted to first identify those factors most influencing the attitudes of communities toward the sun bear (<i>Helarctos malayanus</i>) around Dampa Tiger Reserve (DTR) (Mizoram, India). We then sought to understand if our outreach about sun bear ecology, methods for mitigating conflict, and improved livelihood options, had any long-term impact on community perceptions, local behavior, and livelihood practices. We interviewed a total of 950 locals over 5 years at three different intervals relating to our conservation programming: before activities, immediately upon concluding activities, and several years later. Overall, we found a slight increase in community support for sun bear conservation efforts between our initial (77.05%) and final interviews (82.2%). However, we observed a significantly greater increase in support among younger (&lt;40 years) respondents exposed to our outreach activities (from 72% to 88.5%) between our first and final interviews (<i>χ</i>² = 0.31, df = 2, <i>p</i> &lt; .050). We also saw a &gt;20% increase in support for sun bear and general conservation action among respondents lacking a formal education (<i>R</i>^<i>2</i> = 0.71, <i>p</i> &lt; .05). Finally, we found that 56.58% of total respondents had ultimately adopted alternative livelihood options that we promoted, discussed, or shared with them during our outreach programs. Furthermore, these changes were concomitant with a measurable decrease in unsustainable agricultural practices, and an increase in forest cover, around DTR. Despite our net positive impacts, serious threats to biodiversity in the region remain, including commercial poaching, and planned expansion of crop monocultures; such threats underscore the continued need for effective enforcement tools and action, policies and practices that incentivize sustainability, and use of innovative outreach approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.13305","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cool-season environmental water delivery increases extinction risk for chytrid-infected amphibians","authors":"Anna Turner,&nbsp;Geoffrey Heard,&nbsp;Rupert Mathwin,&nbsp;Corey J. A. Bradshaw,&nbsp;Andrew Hall,&nbsp;Skye Wassens","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chytridiomycosis, the disease caused by the aquatic fungus <i>Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</i> (<i>Bd</i>), has caused large declines in amphibian populations globally. The pathogen often interacts with other threatening processes to exacerbate declines, including predation by introduced species, habitat loss and fragmentation, and regulation of river systems. In the highly regulated floodplains of south-western New South Wales, Australia, <i>Bd</i> has been detected in populations of the southern bell frog <i>Litoria raniformis</i> (vulnerable; IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, version 2020–3), despite the region's hot, semi-arid climate. However, the effect of chytridiomycosis on the long-term persistence of <i>L. raniformis</i> populations in this region is unknown. To ameliorate the effects of flow regulation, water is diverted into certain wetlands by water managers, a process called environmental water delivery. Given the higher prevalence of <i>Bd</i> infection occurring in winter and spring, the timing of environmental water delivery could influence disease prevalence. We developed a stochastic population model to test the impact of the timing of environmental water delivery on the extinction risk of <i>L. raniformis</i>. Our simulations suggested populations are less likely to go extinct when environmental water is delivered in spring compared to late winter. Modeled inflow of cold (~10°C) river water in August produced a 0.13 probability of local extinction within the 50-year forecast window. When inflows were ~15°C (September) or ~20°C (October), the probability of local extinction was more than halved to 0.05 and 0.04, respectively. This outcome indicates that in addition to the frequency and scale of environmental water delivery, timing flows to coincide with warmer conditions should be a component of environmental-water planning to reduce the negative impacts of chytridiomycosis on threatened amphibians in floodplain systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the outcome of reintroduction efforts: Trends in population size and drivers of breeding success in alpine bearded vultures","authors":"D. Santos-Cottin,&nbsp;B. Arroyo,&nbsp;F. Loercher,&nbsp;A. Brambilla,&nbsp;J. Terraube","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Vulture populations have dramatically declined worldwide over the past few decades. In Europe, various programs have been implemented to reintroduce or restock these birds. In the Alps, the Bearded Vulture (<i>Gypaetus barbatus</i>) was eradicated in the early 20th century, prompting the launch of an international reintroduction program in 1986. Through intensive monitoring of Bearded Vulture breeding territories over 26 years (1995–2021), we observed spatial and temporal changes in population size and assessed environmental and individual factors influencing breeding performance across four countries in the Alpine arc. The number of breeding pairs increased steadily from 1 in 1995 to 65 in 2021, and the number of fledglings from 0 in 1995 to 42 in 2021, although we observed significant differences across areas, with slower growth in the Eastern Alps. The breeding success (proportion of clutches leading to a fledgling) of the entire Alpine population was 68%, higher than that of other European populations. Our analysis, which included individual and environmental variables, revealed that nest elevation positively influenced breeding success, while the proportion of open habitat in the territory had a negative effect. Additionally, breeding success significantly increased with the coverage of not strictly protected areas around the nest. In terms of individual factors, longer pair bonds positively affected breeding success, and pairs composed of wild-hatched individuals had higher breeding success compared to those including released individuals. Our results confirm the overall positive trend of the reintroduced Alpine population but also highlight the increased vulnerability of the population breeding in the Eastern Alps. Additionally, our findings suggest that an effective network of protected areas can support the establishment of reintroduced populations. We also identified directions for further research to better understand the drivers of Bearded Vulture breeding success in the Alps.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The crucial role of public participation in wildlife habitat restoration: A case study from Yingjing in the Giant Panda National Park","authors":"Guanyu Mu,&nbsp;Jingyi Liu,&nbsp;Dongling Zhang,&nbsp;Xi Yang,&nbsp;Biao Yang,&nbsp;Li Zhang","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Habitat restoration is an effective strategy to mitigate the degradation and fragmentation of habitats for endangered species. Since 2018, the Giant Panda National Park (GPNP), in collaboration with private institutions, launched a pilot initiative to restore giant panda habitats in the Daxiangling Mountains. This study focuses on the residents from five townships in Yingjing County that intersect with GPNP's jurisdiction, aiming to explore their responses to the ongoing habitat restoration projects. Data were collected using a questionnaire based on the “Perception—Attitude—Participation” framework concerning the giant panda habitat restoration project. Out of 151 questionnaires were distributed during one-on-one interviews, 146 valid responses were collected. The findings reveal that respondents generally maintain a positive attitude towards habitat restoration. However, their overall perception of habitat restoration remains relatively low, and widespread participation has yet to materialize. Significantly, our analysis demonstrates a positive correlation between respondents' participation scores and both their perception scores and attitude scores. This result highlights the importance of public participation in wildlife conservation work, thereby promoting their awareness and goodwill towards ecological protection. We recommend that the GPNP workforce intensify efforts to promote habitat restoration projects, particularly targeting individuals with limited access to information and knowledge. By doing so, we aim to broaden the scope of participation and ignite residents' enthusiasm for ecological conservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating systematic and targeted scat collection approaches to estimate the abundance of a culturally significant threatened species on Indigenous lands","authors":"Hayley M. Geyle,&nbsp;Myra Herbert,&nbsp;Laura Doolan,&nbsp;North Tanami Rangers,&nbsp;Sam Banks,&nbsp;Chris R. Dickman,&nbsp;Kelly M. Dixon,&nbsp;Catherine J. Robinson,&nbsp;Christine Schlesinger","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Estimating the abundance of threatened species can be extremely difficult. This is particularly true in remote regions, where surveys are often expensive and subject to logistical challenges. Where threatened species occur on Indigenous lands, collaborative work between Indigenous people and ecologists who share an interest in the conservation and management of these species may resolve some of these challenges while also meeting additional local objectives. Here, we show the value of integrating two on-ground methods for non-invasive genetic sampling of scat to estimate the abundance of the greater bilby (<i>Macrotis lagotis</i>), a species highly significant to Indigenous people of central Australia that is threatened with extinction. We compared two on-ground methods: (1) systematic surveys, designed to be repeatable, stratified, and standardized, and (2) targeted surveys, which focused on areas where bilby sign was present and involved a more flexible and intuitive search technique undertaken collaboratively with local Indigenous people and informed by their knowledge and skills. We compared different combinations of the two methods and different sampling intensities to explore how they affected modeled estimates of bilby abundance, derived by combining information on individual bilby identities (from DNA extracted from scat) with spatially explicit capture–recapture modeling. We found that combining targeted methods for scat collection with systematic sampling provided the best modeled estimates of bilby abundance and improved modeled estimates for lower overall effort than increasing systematic sampling. This approach also allowed for the inclusion of diverse knowledges and approaches to detecting species (scat) presence. By weaving multiple approaches to find and identify bilby scat, we show how collaborative knowledge-sharing practices can also deliver multiple benefits to Indigenous and science partners.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practitioner and landholder perspectives on conservation covenants and extreme weather events","authors":"Shirali Davé,&nbsp;Jonathan R. Rhodes,&nbsp;Kelly Fielding,&nbsp;Carla L. Archibald","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Conservation covenants are essential for biodiversity conservation and can offer support to landholders facing climate-induced challenges. To understand how these events impact landholder livelihoods and their participation in conservation covenant programs, we surveyed conservation practitioners and landholders in New South Wales, Australia. Both covenant adopters and non-adopting landholders reported similar perceptions of their vulnerability to climate change, though adopters were more optimistic about the potential for covenants to improve their financial wellbeing and environmental outcomes. Practitioners perceived landholders' livelihoods as more threatened by events like drought than landholders themselves reported. Practitioners also perceived changes in program engagement after fire and during drought, though opinions varied on whether these events had a positive or negative influence on participation. Understanding how climate events affect covenant participation provides important insights for strengthening landholder resilience and enhancing future program participation.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}