Conservation Science and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Current and future climate suitability for the hazel dormouse in the UK and the impact on reintroduced populations","authors":"Emma L. Cartledge,&nbsp;Joe Bellis,&nbsp;Ian White,&nbsp;Jane L. Hurst,&nbsp;Paula Stockley,&nbsp;Sarah Dalrymple","doi":"10.1111/csp2.13254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.13254","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Reintroductions are increasingly being used as a conservation tool to restore species to areas where they once existed. Unfortunately, many reintroduction projects fail to establish viable populations. Climate suitability at release sites is thought to be important in determining reintroduction outcomes, and future climate change is an essential consideration for effective reintroduction planning. Climate change threatens species in a variety of ways, such as by impacting life history traits or causing spatial and temporal distribution mismatches of interdependent species. Hibernating species, such as the hazel dormouse (<i>Muscardinus avellanarius</i>), may be particularly susceptible to changes in climate. For example, milder winters may increase the number of interbout arousals during hibernation, which are energetically costly. Timing of food availability may also be impacted by changing climates, potentially causing mismatches between activity and feeding opportunities. Here, we use species distribution models (SDMs) to map climate suitability for dormice in the UK. We also investigate the impact of climate suitability on a long-running dormouse reintroduction programme, providing the first such investigation for a reintroduced mammal. We find that higher levels of current climate suitability increase the probability of reintroduction success. We find no effect of climate suitability on adult dormouse counts at reintroduction sites, but dormouse counts decline with time since reintroduction. Future projections predict that climate change may lead to more widespread climate suitability for dormice in the UK, reflecting predicted changes in seasonality, winter temperature and precipitation. Our work demonstrates the importance of understanding changing climate suitability for reintroduction planning, with potential widespread applications of SDMs for conservation projects of low-dispersing mammals.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"6 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.13254","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost–benefit analysis as a decision tool for effective conservation planning—The case of the Nyerere Selous-Udzungwa wildlife corridor in Tanzania","authors":"Tom Hilton,&nbsp;Josephine B. Smit,&nbsp;Trevor Jones,&nbsp;Joseph Mwalugelo,&nbsp;Kim Lim,&nbsp;Andrew Seidl,&nbsp;Kelly W. Jones,&nbsp;Brett Bruyere,&nbsp;Jonathan Salerno","doi":"10.1111/csp2.13273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.13273","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cost benefit analysis (CBA) is used in many fields to ensure efficient allocation of scarce resources but is rarely applied in conservation. By using a common metric to evaluate projects in complex social-ecological systems, CBA can help to maximize the impact of conservation funding. It can also help to interrogate issues of distributional equity, plan for effective community-based conservation, and inform future research and strategic priorities. We demonstrate this using the example of the Nyerere Selous-Udzungwa Wildlife Corridor in Tanzania, a wildlife corridor aiming to restore connectivity between two protected areas to enhance African elephant (<i>Loxodonta africana</i>) conservation outcomes and mitigate human–elephant conflict. We combine novel data on elephant crop depredation with crop price and productivity data, elephant valuation methods, and ecosystem service values to analyze corridor costs and benefits from contrasting global and local community perspectives. From the global perspective, we find benefits to outweigh costs by at least 4.6:1. From the communities' perspective, we find that while substantial benefits should secure buy-in to the project, continued subsidy will be required to cover the costs. Our findings support generalized recommendations for application of CBA across diverse systems and conservation priorities.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"6 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.13273","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One ring does not fit all: Evaluation of banding-related injuries in tricolored bats","authors":"Santiago Perea,&nbsp;Emily A. Ferrall,&nbsp;Katrina M. Morris,&nbsp;Pete E. Pattavina,&nbsp;Steven B. Castleberry","doi":"10.1111/csp2.13269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.13269","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The potential harm inflicted by forearm bands on bats has been debated for decades. To aid in decision-making regarding bat marking, we conducted a comprehensive assessment of banding injuries using recapture data from a long-term overwintering study in Georgia, USA, involving 776 banded tricolored bats (<i>Perimyotis subflavus</i>) with 284 recaptures. Most recaptured bats showed no visible injuries (77.8%); however, 22.2% of bats presented varying degrees of band-related injuries. Although &lt;25% of tricolored bats exhibited banding-related injuries, sublethal effects of injuries are unknown and could add additional stressors to bat populations already facing multiple threats, including mortality from white-nose syndrome. Thus, we recommend that banding bats, especially species that have experienced white-nose syndrome-related population declines, be appropriately justified and their use carefully considered. Our study contributes valuable knowledge to aid in informed decision-making on the use of capture-mark-recapture methods in the research and management of bat communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"6 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.13269","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of animal movement and environmental data for dynamic ocean management: Insights and guidance","authors":"Laura H. McDonnell,&nbsp;Elliott L. Hazen,&nbsp;Katharine J. Mach","doi":"10.1111/csp2.13268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.13268","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dynamic ocean management (DOM) is a critical approach for protecting highly migratory species amid environmental variability and change. We conducted an adapted systematic review to assess how animal movement and environmental data are used in DOM applications, identifying key data traits, barriers, and research priorities. Animal tag data inform initial assessments of species distributions, development of habitat models, near real-time model inputs, and iterative model evaluation for dynamic management. In documented examples, effective translation of scientific insights into dynamic management products has resulted from early communication between researchers and stakeholders, integration of environmental and fisheries-dependent data into advanced habitat modeling approaches, and reformatting of outputs for interdisciplinary needs. However, challenges persist around data gaps, science-policy translation, and technical capacity limitations. Our findings highlight the importance of intentional, collaborative data collection, translation, and sharing to enable dynamic, climate-resilient management of migratory species. We demonstrate DOM's adaptability and provide guidance for researchers and practitioners to contribute and use impactful data that informs responsive management decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"6 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.13268","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are local species prioritization lists sufficient for protecting endangered plants? Israeli red list as a test case","authors":"Merav Lebel Vine,&nbsp;Margareta Walczak,&nbsp;Gal Lebel Vine,&nbsp;Ori Fragman-Sapir,&nbsp;Hagar Leschner,&nbsp;Yair Ur,&nbsp;Mimi Ron,&nbsp;Dar Ben-Natan,&nbsp;Bar Shemesh,&nbsp;Alon Singer,&nbsp;Yuval Sapir","doi":"10.1111/csp2.13265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.13265","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Conserving species from extinction requires risk assessment and ranking for conservation priorities. The IUCN criteria of extinction risk are currently accepted globally, but only a small fraction of species were evaluated. When assessing species' extinction risk, sufficient information, in particular rate of population decline, is often partial or missing. Here we utilized the red list of Israeli endangered plant species, which prioritizes them for conservation, and evaluated their local extinction risk using IUCN criteria for local assessment. We found a relatively high similarity between the Israeli red number value and the IUCN assessments. Most pronouncedly, the habitat vulnerability index, used in the Israeli method, is correlated with the IUCN parameter of extinction rate in the last decade. We conclude that in the case of Israel, prioritization ranking of endangered species based on locally available information is a powerful tool for conservation even when some species information is lacking, facilitating local decision-making. This finding may apply also to other countries using a local assessment system.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"6 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.13265","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The risk of inbreeding versus outbreeding depression in managing an endangered and locally adapted population of a sedentary bird","authors":"Grace Walsh,&nbsp;Barry J. McMahon,&nbsp;Filip Thörn,&nbsp;Patrik Rödin-Mörch,&nbsp;Martin Irestedt,&nbsp;Jacob Höglund","doi":"10.1111/csp2.13262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.13262","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A debate in conservation genomics centers on whether to conserve small, fragmented populations independently or blend them through translocations from larger populations. Translocations of red grouse (<i>Lagopus scotica</i>) from Great Britain to supplement the Irish population have been suggested. We incorporate a variety of genetic datasets to address this. We used genome wide data from 23 contemporary and historic red grouse from Great Britain and Ireland. We also investigate microsatellite data, sequence candidate pigmentation genes, and assess phenotypic color variation. Genomic data indicate higher inbreeding in Irish grouse relative to an English population and significant divergence for genomic (<i>F</i>_ST = 0.095) and microsatellite (<i>F</i>_ST <i>=</i> 0.03) markers. Contemporary <i>N</i>_e was seven times smaller in the Irish population compared to the English. We identified divergent regions linked to pigmentation, immune response, and food intake. We show phenotypic differences in plumage color and sequence divergence among coding regions in the melanin pathway including MC1R (<i>F</i>_ST from genomic data of 0.3). The two populations thus appear locally adapted and this divergence between the source and target population when used for conservation translocations can swamp locally adapted alleles and/or introduce maladapted genotypes, leading to outbreeding depression. While it is important to avoid inbreeding by sustaining larger populations, our research emphasizes the need for practitioners to consider population divergence and local adaptation. We advocate against translocations between Ireland and Britain as a conservation strategy in this particular case and underscore the importance of prioritizing local populations where possible.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"6 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.13262","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term data reveals increase in vehicle collisions of endangered birds in Hokkaido, Japan","authors":"Kazuya Kobayashi,&nbsp;Annegret Moto Naito-Liederbach,&nbsp;Toshio Sadakuni,&nbsp;Yuta Morii","doi":"10.1111/csp2.13250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.13250","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wildlife-vehicle collisions have significant consequences for both humans and animals, including injuries, deaths, and vehicle damage. Therefore, analysis of accident data is important for planning countermeasures and appropriate wildlife management. In this research field, roadkill incidents have been extensively studied in many taxa, while railway accidents have received less attention despite their obvious impact on wildlife. Here we applied a Bayesian state-space model to 31 years of collision data, both on railways and on roads, collected by the Ministry of the Environment in Hokkaido prefecture, Japan, to reveal the spatiotemporal dynamics of accidents for white-tailed eagles, Steller's sea eagles, and red-crowned cranes, for which over hundred accidents were reported in the data. Our analysis suggested that the mean annual number of individuals collected per collision site across Hokkaido increased 47,377-fold in the white-tailed eagle, 40,277-fold in the Steller's sea eagle, and 50,584-fold in the red-crowned crane between 1991 and 2021. There have been concerns about the impact of traffic accidents on the population dynamics of these endangered birds, but no formal analyses have been conducted. Our analysis showed numerically that the negative impact has been increasing annually. These results suggest that long-term data accumulation over large spatial scales allows us to understand the dynamics of accidents and predict potential factors underlying collision risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"6 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.13250","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Private protected areas and ecological connectivity in Chile","authors":"Alvaro F. Escobar Jackson,&nbsp;Richard A. Fuller","doi":"10.1111/csp2.13257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.13257","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Species extinction rates have accelerated despite the global growth of the protected area estate, and maintaining or restoring ecological connectivity across landscapes is a major challenge in conservation. To address shortfalls in statutory protected areas, the designation of private protected areas (PPA) has been encouraged. Here we assess the level of ecological connectivity in the National System of Protected Areas in Chile (SNASPE) and measure the contribution of PPAs to the connectivity of the system, using novel indicators derived from landscape ecology. In so doing, we demonstrate how countries could report progress towards achieving connectivity among protected areas, using three complementary indicators. Our results show that while SNASPE currently has a high level of ecological connectivity, it varies substantially from region to region, with more protected and connected land needed to enhance connectivity. When PPAs are considered alongside statutory protected areas, connectivity is improved slightly, but still falls well short of meaningful levels. We therefore conclude that substantial expansion of the formal protected area network in Chile needs to happen, guided by a scientific and systematic process that enables the strategic designation of new PAs that enhance the performance of the current PA system and achieves international conservation goals. Additionally, new approaches and frameworks to recognize and manage land outside protected areas for connectivity and other ecosystem services are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"6 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.13257","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking down abundance to understand conservation for small populations: A case study of North Atlantic right whales","authors":"Joshua Reed,&nbsp;Peter Corkeron,&nbsp;Leslie New,&nbsp;Robert Harcourt","doi":"10.1111/csp2.13263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.13263","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The world is currently facing a biodiversity crisis and for many species, this is exacerbated by historic exploitation. Monitoring programs provide an integral tool to understand changes in abundance and the impact of threats informing conservation actions. However, measures of absolute abundance for management can be misleading, particularly when there is a biased sex ratio. Here we recommend focusing on the rate-limiting cohort for management actions using the case of North Atlantic right whales. The North Atlantic right whale has a male-biased sex ratio, with reproductively active females making up less than a fifth of the species. We highlight the importance of understanding and incorporating reproductive potential into management actions to provide species with the best chance of recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"6 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.13263","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does endemic mammal conservation in Jamaica conflict with maintaining biocultural heritage?","authors":"Samuel T. Turvey,&nbsp;Orlando F. Robinson,&nbsp;Clare Duncan,&nbsp;Rosalind J. Kennerley,&nbsp;Susan Otuokon","doi":"10.1111/csp2.13245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.13245","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding human–wildlife interactions within biocultural systems is essential to support evidence-based conservation and Indigenous cultural integrity, and to identify inclusive “win-win” options for coexistence with threatened species. Jamaica's Blue and John Crow Mountains contain a population of the Endangered Jamaican hutia or coney (<i>Geocapromys brownii</i>), one of the last surviving Caribbean mammals, as well as Maroon communities that practice hunting as a traditional cultural activity. An interview survey was conducted in two Maroon communities within this conservation-priority landscape to understand local knowledge and attitudes toward coneys, and the cultural importance and dynamics of interactions with coneys. Experience of coney consumption is relatively widespread through small-scale local trade in hunted animals, but few respondents consider hunting to be of cultural or economic importance, very few people specifically hunt coneys, and most respondents support coney conservation. Conversely, crop damage caused by coneys is considered a substantial problem and is associated with decreased conservation support. Although we estimate that almost 530 coneys were killed during the previous year by our respondent sample, local perceptions suggest that hunting may not be having a negative impact on the coney population, and coney conservation can hopefully be integrated equitably with Maroon cultural values and needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"6 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.13245","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}