James A. Fitzsimons, Rene Woods, Jamie Woods, Ian Woods, Kathryn Ridge, Mark Brettschneider, Chris Perceval, Alan Goodwin, Kate Smillie, Paul Elton, Richard T. Kingsford
{"title":"Establishing large, permanent protection outcomes on Indigenous-owned private land: Innovations at Gayini, Australia","authors":"James A. Fitzsimons, Rene Woods, Jamie Woods, Ian Woods, Kathryn Ridge, Mark Brettschneider, Chris Perceval, Alan Goodwin, Kate Smillie, Paul Elton, Richard T. Kingsford","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70055","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In order to meet global targets for area-based conservation, new and innovative models for land protection will be increasingly required to suit different tenure and governance arrangements and to ensure the protected and conserved area estate is representative of the full range of biodiversity. Here we outline innovations in conservation and protection at Gayini, a large wetland restoration project in Australia's Murray-Darling Basin, where a legally-binding conservation covenant was co-developed with the land's Traditional Custodians.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144256386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. D. Goergen, M. P. Louis, K. F. Kellner, G. J. Roloff, M. Lindeque, J. L. Belant
{"title":"Local management and governance improve natural resource incomes of communal conservancies in Namibia","authors":"J. D. Goergen, M. P. Louis, K. F. Kellner, G. J. Roloff, M. Lindeque, J. L. Belant","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70054","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Effective governance of communal institutions is critical to financial sustainability of community-based natural resource management economies. We evaluated effects of local management and governance on income earned by communal conservancies in Namibia during 2011–2022. We compiled annual income and performance scores for natural resource management and institutional governance using conservancy accounting and ‘event book’ monitoring data (governance performance collected since 2019). Conservancies earning >$0 income generated a median annual $60,518 since 2011 and $50,283 since 2019 (17% less than during 2011–2022), which reflected a decline in tourism during the COVID-19 pandemic despite an increase in grants received. Income increased with years since conservancy establishment, higher management performance, presence of nongovernmental organization (NGO) support within conservancies, and annual general meeting (AGM) occurrence. Higher management performance positively affected the probability conservancies earned >$0 since 2011 and 2019. Income earned during 2019–2022 also increased with higher governance performance. Median management and governance performances across conservancies were only about 50% of their maximum scores, indicating higher income potential with improved performance. Support from NGOs remained critical to financial sustainability of conservancies and AGMs were important governance functions. Natural resource management and institutional governance facilitated income generation by Namibia's conservancies, but more emphasis on benefit distribution could increase socioeconomic impact. We recommend that Namibia's conservancies, particularly those established more recently or without NGO presence, prioritize improving local management and governance to develop more sustainable community-based natural resource economies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144255861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantifying the cumulative impact of winter habitat loss on a critically endangered migratory parrot","authors":"Ross Crates, Robert Heinsohn","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Habitat loss is a major driver of biodiversity decline, often occurring in a slow-paced, piecemeal way. The cumulative impacts of such loss can be substantial for threatened species but are challenging to quantify and thus factor into planning decisions—particularly for mobile species with large ranges and irregular settlement patterns. We combined remote sensing and population viability analysis to estimate the cumulative impact of various winter habitat loss scenarios on the critically endangered, migratory swift parrot <i>Lathamus discolor</i> in south-eastern Australia. Swift parrots suffer from predation during nesting and logging of their Tasmanian breeding habitat, but the Hunter-Central Coast (HCC) of New South Wales is an important wintering area for the species and also amogst the most rapidly developing. If threats from predation and logging in Tasmania are addressed but habitat loss occurs throughout the species' wintering range at the rate observed in the HCC, the swift parrot population is expected to decline by 16% over 50 years. If observed rates of habitat loss in the HCC continue, halve, or double, the additional impact from that region alone on the swift parrot population could lead to a decline of 32% over 100 years. Our study emphasizes the need to avoid cumulative impacts across the full range of mobile species to help prevent their extinction.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144256484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thibaut Ferraille, Christian Kerbiriou, Charlotte Bigard, Fabien Claireau, Eric Durand, John D. Thompson
{"title":"A data-driven approach to multi-facet prioritization of biodiversity in regional conservation planning","authors":"Thibaut Ferraille, Christian Kerbiriou, Charlotte Bigard, Fabien Claireau, Eric Durand, John D. Thompson","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) of land-use planning is a major tool to minimize the environmental impact of urbanization. SEA implementation is, however, often based on incomplete biodiversity diagnostics and almost entirely focused on lists of priority species with high conservation value. At the same time, recent studies in Systematic Conservation Planning illustrate how to integrate the multidimensionality of biodiversity on a large scale, such as ecosystem function and species' evolutionary uniqueness, which could broaden the spectrum of stakes for SEA on a regional scale. The objective of this study is to assess the complementarity and feasibility of adopting a multi-facet approach to define spatial biodiversity priorities and inform regional SEA stakeholders. To do so, we used a spatial prioritization tool based on Species Distribution Models (SDM) to assess four facets of biodiversity (“priority species list”, “threatened species”, “functional distinctiveness” and “phylogenetic distinctiveness”). In a study of three taxonomic groups (Aves, Flora, and Papilionidae) in three regional administrative entities in France, our results confirm the pertinence of different facets of biodiversity to identify new and complementary priority areas for conservation. However, the limited amount of data adequate for SDM may bias the choice of conservation priorities. We conclude on the clear need to promote a holistic approach to biodiversity conservation if we are to correctly reduce the impacts of development projects on a land-use planning scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mitchell A. Green, Brittany F. Barnes, Kamal J. K. Gandhi, Elizabeth F. Pienaar
{"title":"Examining park users' support for emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) control in urban parks","authors":"Mitchell A. Green, Brittany F. Barnes, Kamal J. K. Gandhi, Elizabeth F. Pienaar","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Emerald ash borer (<i>Agrilus planipennis</i> Fairmare; EAB) is a woodboring beetle that is considered one of the most damaging invasive forest insects in North America, causing near-complete mortality of native ash (<i>Fraxinus</i> spp.) trees across multiple states. Management options include both biological control using parasitoid wasps from EAB's native range, and chemical control with systemic insecticides. Although both strategies are being used to control EAB, the public's support for these methods is not well understood. In 2023, we surveyed 174 urban park users in northeastern Georgia, United States, to identify determinants of their support for EAB control. Most respondents were not previously aware of EAB and ash trees, although they valued the ecosystem services provided by park trees. Respondents were more supportive of biological control than chemical control, perceiving greater ecological and human well-being risks from chemical control. Respondents' risk perceptions pertaining to control methods and EAB, and their attitudes towards ash trees influenced their support for EAB control. Birdwatchers were less likely to support chemical control and individuals who like to sit and enjoy nature were more likely to support biological control. Our results suggest that park managers' outreach about EAB control should emphasize the aesthetic appeal and ecosystem services provided by urban ash trees and the invasion impacts of EAB. Outreach should also highlight that EAB control does not pose ecological or human well-being risks, that parasitoid wasps help to secure ecosystem function through pest control and do not pose a risk to people, and that EAB control will not adversely impact recreational activities within the park.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amanda M. Katzer, Erin E. Boydston, Michael E. Akresh, Jennifer S. Briggs, Kelsey Cooper, Vijay Barve, Lena Lee, Toni Lyn Morelli
{"title":"Biodiversity on public lands: How community science can help","authors":"Amanda M. Katzer, Erin E. Boydston, Michael E. Akresh, Jennifer S. Briggs, Kelsey Cooper, Vijay Barve, Lena Lee, Toni Lyn Morelli","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Species inventories are crucial for conservation but are difficult to assemble and maintain. Bioblitzes, which encourage the public to document biodiversity in a particular area and timeframe, may offer useful information, but their integration with other datasets poses challenges. We investigated the potential contribution of bioblitzes to natural resource management using observations from the United States National Park Service (NPS) 2016 Centennial Bioblitz. Through automated cross-referencing over 19,000 iNaturalist “research-grade” observations from 107 national parks with existing park inventory lists, we matched 86% of species documented in the Bioblitz to NPS species lists based on current taxonomy and matched another 6% of species using alternative scientific names through our matching process in R. Of the remaining 13.5% that did not match the NPS species lists, 84% of the unmatched species were manually found within the lists or were outside the boundaries of the park, identifying 141 native species that were unrecorded in NPS species lists. Many introduced species were recorded more often in parks closer to cities. Parks near cities also drew more participants. Our study shows how public participation through iNaturalist and bioblitzes can facilitate biodiversity monitoring across large spatial scales.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jennifer R. B. Miller, Tatiana Hendrix, Daphne Carlson, Scott A. Carleton, Matthew Muir
{"title":"The cost of knowing what will stop wildlife trafficking: Organizations reallocating 3% annually could reveal what works to protect species","authors":"Jennifer R. B. Miller, Tatiana Hendrix, Daphne Carlson, Scott A. Carleton, Matthew Muir","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wildlife trafficking is a multibillion-dollar illicit business that drives biodiversity loss, compromises bio- and national security, and can threaten the safety and wellbeing of local communities. A new study reveals that we have profound opportunities to expand the evidence about what works to stop wildlife trafficking and that we have clear models to inform rigorous evaluation of interventions. These findings present an opportune invitation: <i>How will the conservation community fund at scale the evidence testing to establish what works to stop wildlife trafficking?</i> We amplify this call and urge donor governments, multilateral institutions, and private foundations globally to help transform the way we combat wildlife trafficking by dedicating at least 1–3% of budgets to testing the effectiveness of interventions. We calculate allocations based on current evidence and funding levels by intervention category and find that this would translate into global donors investing only US$2.6–5.7 million annually in evidence testing. By reallocating a small portion of investments to building evidence through evaluation, we can significantly advance our understanding of what effectively works to stop wildlife trafficking.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Rifaee Rasheed, Peter I. Macreadie, Phebe I. Rowland, Melissa Wartman
{"title":"What drives landholders to engage in coastal wetland programs? A synthesis of current knowledge and opportunities for future research","authors":"A. Rifaee Rasheed, Peter I. Macreadie, Phebe I. Rowland, Melissa Wartman","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Globally, coastal wetlands such as mangroves and saltmarshes are in decline. With many coastal wetlands dispersed across privately owned lands, one strategy to promote their protection is through private land coastal wetland programs. While landholder engagement is key to developing such programs, little is known about how landholders interact with coastal wetlands on their properties. Through a global systematic review and meta-synthesis of 50 studies, we investigate the key factors driving landholders' decisions to engage in coastal wetland programs, and the lessons that could be applicable in guiding future coastal wetland programs. Our analysis revealed that financial benefits such as payments for loss of land for production/farming, and access to grants or loans were important motivations for participation. At the same time, non-financial motivations such as social recognition and relational values (e.g., strong environmental stewardship values) were also equally important. The most pronounced barrier to landholder engagement was a lack of technical knowledge, skills, and support. Most studies indicated that landholders' preferred incentives for program engagement were assistance for on-groundwork work such as materials and labor, land tax deductions, one-off cash/grants, and reliable program support officers. We also found that studies examining variations in preferences for program participation across landholder types and different coastal wetland contexts were sparse. Based on our review, we discuss strategies for improving landholder participation in potential coastal wetland programs and highlight areas where future research would prove valuable.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arnaud Béchet, Anthony Olivier, François Cavallo, Lou Sauvajon, Jocelyn Champagnon, Pierre Defos du Rau, Jean-Yves Mondain-Monval
{"title":"Persistent lead poisoning of waterfowl in the Camargue (southern France) 10 years after the ban on the use of lead ammunition in wetlands","authors":"Arnaud Béchet, Anthony Olivier, François Cavallo, Lou Sauvajon, Jocelyn Champagnon, Pierre Defos du Rau, Jean-Yves Mondain-Monval","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lead pollution is a worldwide environmental and health issue causing persistent detrimental effects on humans and wildlife. Despite having been identified as detrimental to waterfowl a century ago, in France lead shotgun pellets for hunting were banned only in 2006 and only in wetlands. We used long-term monitoring data from the Camargue (southern France) to (1) assess the local effectiveness of the French regulation at reducing the ingestion of lead shotgun pellets by waterfowl and to (2) assess local hunter compliance with the regulation. We used data on 2187 gizzards from 13 waterfowl species collected from 38 hunters in the Camargue over 20 hunting seasons (1998 to 2017). In addition, from 2008 to 2019, we systematically collected shotgun shell cases at three communal wetland hunting sites and used the ratio of cases indicating lead versus nontoxic shotgun shells to estimate hunter compliance with the ban. Across the 20-year study period that spanned pre- and post-ban, gizzards of harvested waterfowl had a mean lead shotgun pellet prevalence of 12% across the 13 species with no significant reduction over time. There was a slow increase in the use of nontoxic shot shells after the ban; lead shells continued to be used widely, suggesting inadequate policy enforcement. Because the ban was only applied for hunting in wetlands, hunters have to be caught with lead shells in the shotgun while in wetland to be fined. It is still legal to carry lead shells, favoring the circumvention of the regulation. Our results support the need for a complete ban of lead shotgun shells for both wetland and terrestrial hunting. A complete ban would facilitate policy enforcement and would favor compliance, eventually leading to a phase-out of lead shell production and use.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Keira Dymond, Juan L. Celis-Diez, Carl Lymna-Dennis, Valeska Rojas-Bravo, Jaime Martínez-Harms, Simon G. Potts, Michael P. D. Garratt
{"title":"Developing a rapid assessment tool for identifying and safeguarding pollinators: A case study from a global avocado company","authors":"Keira Dymond, Juan L. Celis-Diez, Carl Lymna-Dennis, Valeska Rojas-Bravo, Jaime Martínez-Harms, Simon G. Potts, Michael P. D. Garratt","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Agricultural intensification poses a global threat to many wild species, including insect pollinators. Despite the dependence of many companies on insect-pollinated crops within their supply chains, only a limited number of them actively implement measures to protect pollinators. This study aims to address this issue by developing a tool that businesses can employ to create effective pollinator conservation strategies. To create this tool, we utilized an existing roadmap as a foundational structure and adapted it into a practical tool through a comprehensive review of the literature and the development of specific methodologies. Subsequently, we applied this tool to a case-study company to further refine the methods and gather industry feedback. The developed tool identifies seven specific activities that companies can implement to achieve the following objectives: (1) understand the threats to pollinators, (2) recognize the significance of pollinators to their business (3) assess current pollinator actions, and (4) explore additional pollinator protection measures. The results from our case study indicate that increasing knowledge transfer to growers and supporting them to participate in environmental certification schemes could serve as effective strategies. The tool developed in this study aims to assist companies in identifying effective strategies to safeguard pollinators. Its potential implementation across a wide range of companies could greatly benefit growers and contribute to the conservation of various pollinator species.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}