Conservation Science and Practice最新文献

{"title":"A data-driven approach to multi-facet prioritization of biodiversity in regional conservation planning","authors":"Thibaut Ferraille,&nbsp;Christian Kerbiriou,&nbsp;Charlotte Bigard,&nbsp;Fabien Claireau,&nbsp;Eric Durand,&nbsp;John D. Thompson","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) of land-use planning is a major tool to minimize the environmental impact of urbanization. SEA implementation is, however, often based on incomplete biodiversity diagnostics and almost entirely focused on lists of priority species with high conservation value. At the same time, recent studies in Systematic Conservation Planning illustrate how to integrate the multidimensionality of biodiversity on a large scale, such as ecosystem function and species' evolutionary uniqueness, which could broaden the spectrum of stakes for SEA on a regional scale. The objective of this study is to assess the complementarity and feasibility of adopting a multi-facet approach to define spatial biodiversity priorities and inform regional SEA stakeholders. To do so, we used a spatial prioritization tool based on Species Distribution Models (SDM) to assess four facets of biodiversity (“priority species list”, “threatened species”, “functional distinctiveness” and “phylogenetic distinctiveness”). In a study of three taxonomic groups (Aves, Flora, and Papilionidae) in three regional administrative entities in France, our results confirm the pertinence of different facets of biodiversity to identify new and complementary priority areas for conservation. However, the limited amount of data adequate for SDM may bias the choice of conservation priorities. We conclude on the clear need to promote a holistic approach to biodiversity conservation if we are to correctly reduce the impacts of development projects on a land-use planning scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining park users' support for emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) control in urban parks","authors":"Mitchell A. Green,&nbsp;Brittany F. Barnes,&nbsp;Kamal J. K. Gandhi,&nbsp;Elizabeth F. Pienaar","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Emerald ash borer (<i>Agrilus planipennis</i> Fairmare; EAB) is a woodboring beetle that is considered one of the most damaging invasive forest insects in North America, causing near-complete mortality of native ash (<i>Fraxinus</i> spp.) trees across multiple states. Management options include both biological control using parasitoid wasps from EAB's native range, and chemical control with systemic insecticides. Although both strategies are being used to control EAB, the public's support for these methods is not well understood. In 2023, we surveyed 174 urban park users in northeastern Georgia, United States, to identify determinants of their support for EAB control. Most respondents were not previously aware of EAB and ash trees, although they valued the ecosystem services provided by park trees. Respondents were more supportive of biological control than chemical control, perceiving greater ecological and human well-being risks from chemical control. Respondents' risk perceptions pertaining to control methods and EAB, and their attitudes towards ash trees influenced their support for EAB control. Birdwatchers were less likely to support chemical control and individuals who like to sit and enjoy nature were more likely to support biological control. Our results suggest that park managers' outreach about EAB control should emphasize the aesthetic appeal and ecosystem services provided by urban ash trees and the invasion impacts of EAB. Outreach should also highlight that EAB control does not pose ecological or human well-being risks, that parasitoid wasps help to secure ecosystem function through pest control and do not pose a risk to people, and that EAB control will not adversely impact recreational activities within the park.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodiversity on public lands: How community science can help","authors":"Amanda M. Katzer,&nbsp;Erin E. Boydston,&nbsp;Michael E. Akresh,&nbsp;Jennifer S. Briggs,&nbsp;Kelsey Cooper,&nbsp;Vijay Barve,&nbsp;Lena Lee,&nbsp;Toni Lyn Morelli","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Species inventories are crucial for conservation but are difficult to assemble and maintain. Bioblitzes, which encourage the public to document biodiversity in a particular area and timeframe, may offer useful information, but their integration with other datasets poses challenges. We investigated the potential contribution of bioblitzes to natural resource management using observations from the United States National Park Service (NPS) 2016 Centennial Bioblitz. Through automated cross-referencing over 19,000 iNaturalist “research-grade” observations from 107 national parks with existing park inventory lists, we matched 86% of species documented in the Bioblitz to NPS species lists based on current taxonomy and matched another 6% of species using alternative scientific names through our matching process in R. Of the remaining 13.5% that did not match the NPS species lists, 84% of the unmatched species were manually found within the lists or were outside the boundaries of the park, identifying 141 native species that were unrecorded in NPS species lists. Many introduced species were recorded more often in parks closer to cities. Parks near cities also drew more participants. Our study shows how public participation through iNaturalist and bioblitzes can facilitate biodiversity monitoring across large spatial scales.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The cost of knowing what will stop wildlife trafficking: Organizations reallocating 3% annually could reveal what works to protect species","authors":"Jennifer R. B. Miller,&nbsp;Tatiana Hendrix,&nbsp;Daphne Carlson,&nbsp;Scott A. Carleton,&nbsp;Matthew Muir","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wildlife trafficking is a multibillion-dollar illicit business that drives biodiversity loss, compromises bio- and national security, and can threaten the safety and wellbeing of local communities. A new study reveals that we have profound opportunities to expand the evidence about what works to stop wildlife trafficking and that we have clear models to inform rigorous evaluation of interventions. These findings present an opportune invitation: <i>How will the conservation community fund at scale the evidence testing to establish what works to stop wildlife trafficking?</i> We amplify this call and urge donor governments, multilateral institutions, and private foundations globally to help transform the way we combat wildlife trafficking by dedicating at least 1–3% of budgets to testing the effectiveness of interventions. We calculate allocations based on current evidence and funding levels by intervention category and find that this would translate into global donors investing only US$2.6–5.7 million annually in evidence testing. By reallocating a small portion of investments to building evidence through evaluation, we can significantly advance our understanding of what effectively works to stop wildlife trafficking.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What drives landholders to engage in coastal wetland programs? A synthesis of current knowledge and opportunities for future research","authors":"A. Rifaee Rasheed,&nbsp;Peter I. Macreadie,&nbsp;Phebe I. Rowland,&nbsp;Melissa Wartman","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Globally, coastal wetlands such as mangroves and saltmarshes are in decline. With many coastal wetlands dispersed across privately owned lands, one strategy to promote their protection is through private land coastal wetland programs. While landholder engagement is key to developing such programs, little is known about how landholders interact with coastal wetlands on their properties. Through a global systematic review and meta-synthesis of 50 studies, we investigate the key factors driving landholders' decisions to engage in coastal wetland programs, and the lessons that could be applicable in guiding future coastal wetland programs. Our analysis revealed that financial benefits such as payments for loss of land for production/farming, and access to grants or loans were important motivations for participation. At the same time, non-financial motivations such as social recognition and relational values (e.g., strong environmental stewardship values) were also equally important. The most pronounced barrier to landholder engagement was a lack of technical knowledge, skills, and support. Most studies indicated that landholders' preferred incentives for program engagement were assistance for on-groundwork work such as materials and labor, land tax deductions, one-off cash/grants, and reliable program support officers. We also found that studies examining variations in preferences for program participation across landholder types and different coastal wetland contexts were sparse. Based on our review, we discuss strategies for improving landholder participation in potential coastal wetland programs and highlight areas where future research would prove valuable.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent lead poisoning of waterfowl in the Camargue (southern France) 10 years after the ban on the use of lead ammunition in wetlands","authors":"Arnaud Béchet,&nbsp;Anthony Olivier,&nbsp;François Cavallo,&nbsp;Lou Sauvajon,&nbsp;Jocelyn Champagnon,&nbsp;Pierre Defos du Rau,&nbsp;Jean-Yves Mondain-Monval","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lead pollution is a worldwide environmental and health issue causing persistent detrimental effects on humans and wildlife. Despite having been identified as detrimental to waterfowl a century ago, in France lead shotgun pellets for hunting were banned only in 2006 and only in wetlands. We used long-term monitoring data from the Camargue (southern France) to (1) assess the local effectiveness of the French regulation at reducing the ingestion of lead shotgun pellets by waterfowl and to (2) assess local hunter compliance with the regulation. We used data on 2187 gizzards from 13 waterfowl species collected from 38 hunters in the Camargue over 20 hunting seasons (1998 to 2017). In addition, from 2008 to 2019, we systematically collected shotgun shell cases at three communal wetland hunting sites and used the ratio of cases indicating lead versus nontoxic shotgun shells to estimate hunter compliance with the ban. Across the 20-year study period that spanned pre- and post-ban, gizzards of harvested waterfowl had a mean lead shotgun pellet prevalence of 12% across the 13 species with no significant reduction over time. There was a slow increase in the use of nontoxic shot shells after the ban; lead shells continued to be used widely, suggesting inadequate policy enforcement. Because the ban was only applied for hunting in wetlands, hunters have to be caught with lead shells in the shotgun while in wetland to be fined. It is still legal to carry lead shells, favoring the circumvention of the regulation. Our results support the need for a complete ban of lead shotgun shells for both wetland and terrestrial hunting. A complete ban would facilitate policy enforcement and would favor compliance, eventually leading to a phase-out of lead shell production and use.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a rapid assessment tool for identifying and safeguarding pollinators: A case study from a global avocado company","authors":"Keira Dymond,&nbsp;Juan L. Celis-Diez,&nbsp;Carl Lymna-Dennis,&nbsp;Valeska Rojas-Bravo,&nbsp;Jaime Martínez-Harms,&nbsp;Simon G. Potts,&nbsp;Michael P. D. Garratt","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Agricultural intensification poses a global threat to many wild species, including insect pollinators. Despite the dependence of many companies on insect-pollinated crops within their supply chains, only a limited number of them actively implement measures to protect pollinators. This study aims to address this issue by developing a tool that businesses can employ to create effective pollinator conservation strategies. To create this tool, we utilized an existing roadmap as a foundational structure and adapted it into a practical tool through a comprehensive review of the literature and the development of specific methodologies. Subsequently, we applied this tool to a case-study company to further refine the methods and gather industry feedback. The developed tool identifies seven specific activities that companies can implement to achieve the following objectives: (1) understand the threats to pollinators, (2) recognize the significance of pollinators to their business (3) assess current pollinator actions, and (4) explore additional pollinator protection measures. The results from our case study indicate that increasing knowledge transfer to growers and supporting them to participate in environmental certification schemes could serve as effective strategies. The tool developed in this study aims to assist companies in identifying effective strategies to safeguard pollinators. Its potential implementation across a wide range of companies could greatly benefit growers and contribute to the conservation of various pollinator species.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospects for the long-term persistence of a severely endangered plant, Consolea corallicola (Cactaceae)","authors":"Peter Stiling,&nbsp;Janice Duquesnel,&nbsp;Gordon Fox","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The semaphore cactus, <i>Consolea corallicola</i>, is an endangered tree cactus endemic to just two sites in the Florida Keys. Since the 1980s, it has been threatened by the arrival of an invasive cactus-eating moth, <i>Cactoblastis cactorum</i>, rot, and, more recently, by sea level rise. Between 1996 and 2017, we outplanted 641 propagated cacti at 10 different sites in the Lower Keys and 632 cacti at 19 sites in the Upper Keys in an effort to increase the population size. Some sites were actively managed, and others were not. Persistence of outplanted cacti was poor, with no long-term survival at 17 sites and low survival at most others. <i>Cactoblastis</i> accounted for 9% of deaths, but crown rot, caused by a pathogenic fungus, <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>, was the leading cause of death, accounting for 77% of mortality. Elevated soil moisture likely contributes to the high levels of crown rot. Cages to protect cacti from <i>Cactoblastis</i> and fertilization to alleviate the effects of crown rot did not increase survival rates. Observed saltwater intrusion and storms killed an additional 6% and 4% of cacti, respectively. Taken together as a whole, increased water levels and soil moisture are likely responsible for 87% of the mortality of our outplanted cacti. Cacti at actively managed sites did not survive better than those that were not actively managed. Given the likelihood of increasing sea levels, storm strength, and storm frequency, future strategies to save this iconic plant from extinction should include more outplantings at higher elevation sites, with as many individuals as possible, on higher ground with more consideration given to the ecology and genetics of its close relatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating ecological efficiency of voluntary conservation policy in boreal forest conservation","authors":"Jani Hohti,&nbsp;Anssi Lensu,&nbsp;Mikko Mönkkönen,&nbsp;Janne S. Kotiaho","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<p>There is a global call for more efficient voluntary conservation practices. Voluntary conservation requires landowner participation, which may limit conservation efficiency. Here, we evaluated the ecological costs and benefits of a voluntary conservation policy relative to obligatory conservation, two hypothetical scenarios of randomly distributed conservation area networks, and two hypothetical ecologically optimized conservation area networks. The study was based on spatial conservation prioritization maps reflecting the conservation priority of forest in Central Finland. Our results suggest that voluntary conservation area networks can be relatively cost-efficient with higher nature values and better connectivity compared to a randomly selected conservation area network. Voluntary conservation area networks scored slightly higher nature values than the obligatory conservation area network but suffered from lower connectivity and smaller area size. Quality differences between the voluntary conservation area networks were minor. Our analysis showed that neither of the voluntary conservation area networks achieved its full conservation potential when compared to an ecologically optimized conservation area network. Thus, our results indicate that the societal pursuit of landowner's conservation acceptance, and hence rejection of the systematic conservation planning, has come with a cost of reduced nature values and connectivity in the current conservation area network.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of Swiss regional nature parks on agricultural earnings","authors":"Marina Cracco,&nbsp;Christian Ritzel","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The establishment of Swiss regional nature parks has been coupled with the need for sustainable regional development. Regional nature parks are one type of park in Switzerland, which may be considered analogous to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature's Protected Area Management Category V. These regional nature parks differ from other Swiss parks in their objectives and management. Some researchers and decision makers consider regional nature parks as instruments for bridging the development divide between economically advantaged and disadvantaged areas. The natural capital of regional nature parks may attract economic opportunities, generating agritourism and increasing regional agricultural product demands. The agricultural sector is especially vital for these regions. Regional park status may cause economic benefits through the intensification of agritourism or increasing sales of regional labeled products. Accordingly, our study examines the effect of gaining regional nature park status on farm earnings. For this purpose, we used agricultural earnings submitted to the Old Age and Survivors' Insurance System in regional nature parks established between 2010 and 2013 and compared them with the agricultural earnings of non-regional park areas in Switzerland. We hypothesized that regional nature park status had no effect on the agricultural earnings of farmers inside a park. Employing causal analysis methods (i.e., matching in combination with a difference-in-difference estimator), we analyzed the regional nature park effect on agricultural earnings at the national, regional, and individual levels. The results show that for most regional nature parks, regional park status had neither statistically significant positive nor negative effects on agricultural earnings. As we included most of the parks belonging to one park category (regional nature parks), we extended our results to that entire category. Our results serve as a basis for policymakers and park managers to adapt current activities and design and implement measures to enhance the economic situation of farmers in these regional parks.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}