Conservation Science and Practice最新文献

{"title":"The role of socialization network to understand the adoption of demand-reduction behaviors: The red siskin's breeders community case study","authors":"Ada Sánchez-Mercado,&nbsp;Lisandro Moran,&nbsp;Arlene Cardozo-Urdaneta,&nbsp;Lisbeth Bethelmy","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70086","DOIUrl":"10.1111/csp2.70086","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The unsustainable and illegal trade of passerine birds, such as the threatened red siskin (<i>Spinus cucullatus</i>), is deeply embedded in social, economic, and cultural systems. Understanding these complexities is essential for designing effective behavioral interventions to reduce unsustainable wildlife demand. We used social network analysis, decision-making models, and interview data from 204 breeders involved in red siskins captive breeding across Venezuela (a source and demand country), Brazil, Spain, and Portugal (demand countries) to explore how socialization networks, shape their decisions to adopt sustainable bird sourcing practices. Adoption intentions were partially explained by psychosocial variables such as attitudes and social norms towards breeders' collaboration. Incorporating social network metrics, such as information flow, significantly improved model explanatory power. Actors classified as adults in formation were the most active advice-seekers (high outdegree) and the lowest adoption intention. Brazil and Venezuela had a clear relationship between membership proportion and network coordination metrics, but not Portugal and Spain. We discuss how to use the insights of the breeder’ psychosocial and their roles within the network, to inform tailored behavior change strategies. These results emphasize the importance of integrating insights into breeders' behaviors and roles within networks to inform tailored behavior change strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70086","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144833354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restoring habitat quality for Skylarks in winter cereal fields by manipulating the crop architecture","authors":"Sina Blösch,&nbsp;Markus Jenny,&nbsp;Judith Zellweger-Fischer,&nbsp;Eva Knop","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70104","DOIUrl":"10.1111/csp2.70104","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Losses of suitable foraging and nesting habitats are key drivers for ongoing declines of farmland birds. For Eurasian Skylarks (<i>Alauda arvensis</i>), this is reflected by the lack of sparse and short vegetation structure (i.e., crop architecture). Existing countermeasures outside cultivated areas seem unable to offset declines, indicating the need for in-field measures, ideally in cereal fields which cover large shares of agricultural land and ideally without compromising yields.</p><p>We experimentally tested whether unsown Skylark strips in intensive winter cereal fields (treatment) provided sparse and short crop architecture throughout the breeding season and whether this improved habitat quality by comparing key parameters of Skylark populations on treatment fields and fields without Skylark strips (control). Further, we tested whether the size and direction of effects of the measure depended on surrounding landscape features and seasonality.</p><p>Breeding performance was improved in treatment fields: the odds for nests being successful were 12.5 times that of control fields. During important phases of the breeding season, prey density and parental foraging were increased in treatment fields. Territorial behavior was higher in treatment fields throughout the breeding season, which was also less dependent on other attractants (i.e., proximity to ecotones) compared to control fields. Habitat use was increasingly higher in treatment fields as the breeding season progressed. Further, the availability of small-parceled fields in the surrounding area was related to decreased habitat use in control fields but not in treatment fields. In general, habitat use in cereal fields depended on adjacent habitat types, with the presence of spring sown crops leading to the largest declines.</p><p>We conclude that Skylark strips can improve habitat quality for Skylark nesting and foraging in intensive winter cereal fields. Given the previously shown yield stability, this encourages large-scale implementation of this measure for Skylark conservation, which might be most beneficial on large winter cereal fields in landscapes where there are few spring-sown crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144833353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public support for puma reintroduction in the eastern United States","authors":"L. Mark Elbroch,&nbsp;Jazmin J. Murphy,&nbsp;Shelby C. Carlson,&nbsp;John A. Vucetich,&nbsp;Richard E. W. Berl,&nbsp;Lexi Galiardi,&nbsp;Shelby Perry,&nbsp;Tom Butler,&nbsp;Neil Carter,&nbsp;Joseph W. Hinton,&nbsp;Axel Moehrenschlager,&nbsp;Emily Carrollo,&nbsp;Rana Bayrakcismith,&nbsp;Jeremy T. Bruskotter","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70105","DOIUrl":"10.1111/csp2.70105","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pumas (<i>Puma concolor</i>) are among the species identified as having the potential to enhance ecosystem function. Previous research highlights sufficient ecological habitat to support pumas in the eastern United States; however, their reintroduction requires social and institutional support as well. To this end, we conducted research to assess attitudes about puma reintroduction among key constituencies like hunters, rural residents, and young people. We sampled 2756 respondents across seven states (Massachusetts, Maine, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, Vermont, and West Virginia). Ratios of strong support (for puma reintroduction) to strong opposition across states ranged from 4:1 to 13:1, and support outweighed opposition in every state. Our results contrasted with common assumptions that hunters, rural residents, and people who identify as politically conservative oppose carnivore conservation and reintroduction. We found marginal differences among categories of people, but overall little variation in support exhibited by different groups. People who identified very strongly as hunters were more supportive of reintroduction than those who did not identify as hunters at all. Taken together, the presence of quality habitat and support for puma restoration warrant further exploration. However, federal funding for state-based restoration efforts likely requires the inclusion of pumas in State Wildlife Action Plans (SWAPs), which are currently under a 10-year revision due to be published this year (2025).</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wildlife lost in translation: Understanding low compliance with outdated wildlife hunting legislation in Sierra Leone","authors":"Jack Jenkins,&nbsp;Wahab Lawundeh","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70090","DOIUrl":"10.1111/csp2.70090","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In Sierra Leone, antiquated wildlife conservation laws from the 1970s have failed to curb unsustainable hunting and trading of bushmeat. Our research examined why compliance remains low five decades after adoption. It explores hunter and trader awareness and perceptions of existing wildlife laws, intelligibility of the legal framework's categorization of protected species, and perspectives on law enforcement effectiveness via 6 months of ethnographic research, a photo naming/animal identification exercise conducted with hunters, bushmeat traders, and conservation workers (<i>N</i> = 14), and in-depth interviews conducted with 10 key government and civil society stakeholders. Findings reveal gaps between formal laws and local understandings of animal taxonomy. People possess little knowledge of current laws and use naming practices incongruent with legal categories. Reviews of conservation laws should emphasize integration of community knowledge systems aimed at improving intelligibility. Locally resonant legal frameworks that are perceived to be more legitimate and acceptable by target populations are essential for voluntary compliance. Without participatory reforms to make the law comprehensible and practicable, compliance will remain elusive. Our case study also suggests that progress requires concurrent efforts to strengthen enforcement capacities and raise public awareness of wildlife legislation.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144833032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feral cats and habitat degradation drive mammal declines in northwestern Australia: An expert elicitation to prioritize management actions","authors":"Alyson M. Stobo-Wilson,&nbsp;Alys Stevens,&nbsp;Sarah M. Legge,&nbsp;Brett P. Murphy,&nbsp;Anna E. Richards,&nbsp;Chris Pavey,&nbsp;Kendrick Bush,&nbsp;Skye F. Cameron,&nbsp;Ben Corey,&nbsp;Teigan Cremona,&nbsp;Jill Curtis,&nbsp;Hugh Davies,&nbsp;Alaric Fisher,&nbsp;Terrah Guymala,&nbsp;Brydie Hill,&nbsp;Alexandra James,&nbsp;Terry Mahney,&nbsp;Norrie Martin,&nbsp;Cecilia Myers,&nbsp;Dominic Nicholls,&nbsp;Cara Penton,&nbsp;Ian J. Radford,&nbsp;Kodjok R. Redford,&nbsp;Alfred Rickson,&nbsp;Angela M. Reid,&nbsp;Berribob-Dangbungala Watson,&nbsp;Dean Yibarbuk,&nbsp;John C. Z. Woinarski","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70098","DOIUrl":"10.1111/csp2.70098","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As small (&lt;5.5 kg) native mammals continue to decline throughout northern Australia, there is a critical need to identify the most significant threatening processes and those management actions with the greatest likelihood of alleviating them. Using a structured elicitation process, we sought to identify such management priorities by: (1) reviewing the literature since 2010 to identify a suite of potential drivers of small mammal decline; and (2) estimating the relative impacts of the putative threats and the ability to manage such threats. We reviewed 106 publications, from which we identified 11 threats and 14 threat attributes possibly contributing to the decline of small mammals in the region. From the expert elicitation, we scored and ranked each threat and threat attribute for its severity, geographic scope, potential for mitigation, and uniformity of impact across species. The elicitation suggested that the contemporary threats with the greatest relative impact on native mammals in northwestern Australia are: (1) predation by feral cats; and (2) habitat degradation by feral livestock and by inappropriate fire regimes. Tractable management actions aimed at reducing the density of feral livestock and improving fire regimes are likely to simultaneously reduce predation pressure from feral cats on small mammals and improve the availability of critical resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70098","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144833178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing pathogen risk for wild bumblebees (Bombus spp., Apidae) in Canada","authors":"Amanda R. Liczner,&nbsp;Sheila R. Colla,&nbsp;Gordon Fitch","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70099","DOIUrl":"10.1111/csp2.70099","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pathogen spillover has been cited as a threat to wild pollinator species, including bumblebees (<i>Bombus</i> spp). Conservation planning to conserve declining pollinators requires prioritization of at-risk populations where threats might be particularly high. Here we map overlap between areas of high conservation priority for protecting bumble bees and regions of pathogen spillover risk from managed bees for Canada, incorporating uncertainty in pathogen spillover potential into our analysis. Across Canada, 9%–17% of all conservation priority areas have some level of pathogen risk and 29%–37% of the area with pathogen risk contains conservation priority areas, but this risk is unevenly distributed. Alberta, British Columbia, and southern Ontario are the regions with the greatest risk for pathogen spillover in conservation priority areas. These results can inform government agencies and conservation practitioners engaged in pollinator conservation to develop more effective evidence-based programs and policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70099","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservation Science and Practice in the Pantanal: From crisis to hope","authors":"Rafael Morais Chiaravalloti,&nbsp;Walfrido Morais Tomas,&nbsp;Peter Leimgruber,&nbsp;Tom Akre,&nbsp;Anthony J. Giordano","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70107","DOIUrl":"10.1111/csp2.70107","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The Pantanal is the largest continuous freshwater wetland in the world (Junk et al., &lt;span&gt;2011&lt;/span&gt;). Located in central South America and encompassing 179,300 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, it includes parts of Brazil, Paraguay, and Bolivia. The Paraguay River—for which the Pantanal serves as a floodplain—stretches for 2695 km, connecting Brazil with Bolivia, Paraguay, and Argentina (Girard et al., &lt;span&gt;2025&lt;/span&gt;). The scale and magnitude of the Pantanal influence large parts of South America's hydrology, biodiversity, history, and culture (Wantzen et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). The Pantanal has also always been a refuge for endangered and threatened species and for low-intensive use of natural resources (Tomas et al., &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;). Recently, however, wildfires, deforestation, and infrastructure projects have increased conservation concerns (Tortato et al., &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;) (Figure 1). But with government, NGOs - Non-Governmental Organizations, local people, and scientists' support, the Pantanal can still be a place of conservation hope.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Permanent human occupation in the Pantanal dates back more than 8000 years (Bespalez, &lt;span&gt;2015&lt;/span&gt;), with the first signs of settlements in the northern Pantanal occurring approximately 27,000 years ago (Vialou et al., &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;). Although the first European colonizers arrived there in the early 16th century, it was not until the late 18th century that the Portuguese began to establish a structured colonizing agenda in the region (de Fátima Costa, &lt;span&gt;1999&lt;/span&gt;). During this time, most indigenous groups were replaced with (Peixoto, &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;), cattle ranches (de Abreu et al., &lt;span&gt;2010&lt;/span&gt;) and riverine fishing communities (Chiaravalloti, &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;). Today, cattle ranches occupy over 90% of the Pantanal (Chiaravalloti et al., &lt;span&gt;2025&lt;/span&gt;), with cattle stocks totaling approximately 3.8 million heads (Tomas et al., &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;). There are also around 8000 people registered as professional fishers in the region (Fernando, Lopes, et al., &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;), generating an estimated US$84 million per year (Girard et al., &lt;span&gt;2025&lt;/span&gt;), and probably 10 times that number are unreported “sporadic” fishermen (Fernando, Lopes, et al., &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Despite long-standing, widespread human occupation and a violent history of colonization, the Pantanal continues to be well conserved, with &gt;80% of its native vegetation standing (Mapbiomas, &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;). In addition, poaching represents a very low threat to native wildlife (Desbiez et al., &lt;span&gt;2011&lt;/span&gt;). As such, the Pantanal is a refuge for many threatened species, such as jaguar (&lt;i&gt;Panthera onca&lt;/i&gt;), giant otter (&lt;i&gt;Pteronura brasiliensis&lt;/i&gt;), marsh deer (&lt;i&gt;Blastocerus dichotomus&lt;/i&gt;), and hyacinth macaw (&lt;i&gt;Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus&lt;/i&gt;) (Tomas et al., &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;). There are also no indications of overfishing (Fernando, Lopes, et al., &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;), as even areas of intensiv","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144646924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solar radiation determines host choice, larval feeding and survival throughout the life cycle of an endangered open forest butterfly","authors":"Heiko Hinneberg,&nbsp;Susanne Hensel,&nbsp;Nils Anthes,&nbsp;Katja Tielbörger,&nbsp;Thomas K. Gottschalk","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70094","DOIUrl":"10.1111/csp2.70094","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Open forest butterfly species have declined rapidly across Central Europe in recent decades, probably associated with changes in forest management that have reduced the amount of sunlight reaching the forest floor. However, little is known about the actual effects of solar radiation on butterfly demography, that is, reproduction, development, and survival. Using the Southern White Admiral (<i>Limenitis reducta</i>) as a model species, our study is one of the first to examine the demographic rates of a butterfly under field conditions and the role of solar radiation and other habitat characteristics on survival throughout the life cycle. We studied female host selection by comparing host plants with and without oviposition, collected life table data from egg to imago, and studied the feeding activity of post-diapause larvae in response to temperature and solar radiation with time-lapse cameras. Solar radiation played a key role at almost every life stage of the species. Females preferentially selected the most sunlit microhabitats for oviposition, and overall larval survival from egg to imago was positively associated with solar radiation, thus confirming the preference-performance hypothesis. Higher feeding activity of post-diapause larvae and accelerated development at warm temperatures or high solar radiation intensities were likely explanations for the positive relationship between solar radiation and survival, which was strongest for post-diapause larvae and pupae. Survival of post-diapause larvae decreased with conspecific density, possibly related to increased parasitism and predation. Although habitat patch size was relatively weakly correlated with survival of individual life stages, we consistently observed a negative relationship, suggesting lower overall survival in larger habitat patches. The results underpin the use of demographic field studies and clearly demonstrate the key role of solar radiation in the larval habitats of forest butterflies. We derive recommendations for establishing and maintaining a dense network of sunlit habitat patches that will support the endangered <i>L. reducta</i> and likely many other open forest invertebrates.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70094","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovery of populations of the critically endangered coral Rhizopsammia wellingtoni in the Galápagos mesophotic zone","authors":"Robert Wellington Lamb,&nbsp;Alejandro Pérez-Matus,&nbsp;Vladimir Garmendia,&nbsp;Jenifer Suarez-Moncada,&nbsp;Marcelo Tite Ortega,&nbsp;Stuart Banks,&nbsp;Nathalia Tirado Sanchez,&nbsp;Anna Dubey,&nbsp;Jon D. Witman","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70103","DOIUrl":"10.1111/csp2.70103","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wellington's solitary coral, <i>Rhizopsammia wellingtoni</i>, has not been documented since 2006 in the Galápagos Islands, leading to its designation as a critically endangered species by the IUCN due to declining populations and a risk of extinction. We surveyed 12 sites throughout the Galápagos archipelago in July–August 2024 using technical diving with rebreathers and discovered abundant populations of <i>R. wellingtoni</i> living in the mesophotic zone at depths of 50–60 m at three locations. Densities of 2.0, 5.3, and 64.9 corals per square meter were recorded at Cabo Douglas, Cuatro Hermanos, and Guy Fawkes, respectively. Video transects conducted at 10 m depth intervals above 50 m failed to encounter any corals. Size structure varied considerably: 74% of the corals found at the southernmost site of Cuatro Hermanos were large colonies composed of multiple polyps, while 26% were solitary individuals. In contrast, the northernmost site of Guy Fawkes had a predominance of solitary individuals (60%) with larger multi-corallite colonies accounting for only 40% of corals, suggesting a younger population and high recruitment at this site. Historical records from Tagus Cove, where <i>R. wellingtoni</i> was first described in large abundance and at shallow depth, suggest that the species experienced significant declines between 1976 and 1999—a period that included the anomalously warm 1982–1983 El Niño event, which is attributed to have caused this species to decline to its current distribution. The apparent restriction of current <i>R. wellingtoni</i> populations to depths greater than 50 m where temperature remains below 17°C is consistent with the hypothesis that this species achieved a refuge in depth from exceptional shallow warming during past El Niño events. As the impacts of climate change intensify, further exploration of mesophotic zones using advanced diving methods will be crucial for evaluating potential extinctions and for conserving marine biodiversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-effective strategies to increase the capture of target species for trap networks in Aotearoa New Zealand","authors":"Mairi Hilton,&nbsp;Christine Stockum,&nbsp;Paul Ward,&nbsp;Jamie McNaught,&nbsp;Jim Roberts","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70078","DOIUrl":"10.1111/csp2.70078","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Capital Kiwi Project recently led an initiative to reintroduce North Island Brown Kiwi (<i>Apteryx mantelli</i>) to the southwestern hills of Wellington City in Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ), where they had been absent in the wild for over a century, largely due to predation by introduced stoats (<i>Mustela erminea</i>). The kiwi were released after a substantial effort to reduce stoat populations using an extensive network of ground traps, but stoats remained present in the area. Efforts to target stoats were hampered by catching significant numbers of non-target species (particularly hedgehogs, <i>Erinaceus europaeus</i>), precluding the ability to catch stoats until the traps were manually reset. We therefore conducted two trials to assess the ability to reduce the capture of hedgehogs, freeing the traps to be available to catch stoats. The first trial involved raising a portion of traps 10 cm off the ground and comparing the catch composition of raised vs. unraised traps. The second involved using two different types of trap and comparing the catch composition between the two types. We found that raised traps and the smaller trap type both significantly improved species catch composition compared to unraised and larger trap type, catching fewer hedgehogs and more stoats, although results varied by month and across the project area. Our project provides the first large-scale study of simple, cost-effective methods to decrease the capture of non-target species in a trap network targeting stoats in Aotearoa NZ. Our results are relevant to other trapping programs aiming to reduce the capture of non-target species to more effectively target stoats, with the hope of improving conservation outcomes for native wildlife.</p>","PeriodicalId":51337,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Science and Practice","volume":"7 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/csp2.70078","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}