Journal of Diabetes Investigation最新文献

{"title":"Imeglimin enhances glucagon secretion through an indirect mechanism and improves fatty liver in high-fat, high-sucrose diet-fed mice","authors":"Osamu Kikuchi,&nbsp;Yuichi Ikeuchi,&nbsp;Masaki Kobayashi,&nbsp;Yoko Tabei,&nbsp;Hiromi Yokota-Hashimoto,&nbsp;Tadahiro Kitamura","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14249","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14249","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Imeglimin is a recently approved oral antidiabetic agent that improves insulin resistance, and promotes insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. Here, we investigated the effects of imeglimin on glucagon secretion from pancreatic α-cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Experiments were carried out in high-fat, high-sucrose diet-fed mice. The effects of imeglimin were examined using insulin and glucose tolerance tests, glucose clamp studies, and measurements of glucagon secretion from isolated islets. Glucagon was measured using both the standard and the sequential protocol of Mercodia sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; the latter eliminates cross-reactivities with other proglucagon-derived peptides.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plasma glucagon, insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 levels were increased by imeglimin administration in high-fat, high-sucrose diet-fed mice. Glucose clamp experiments showed that the glucagon increase was not caused by reduced blood glucose levels. After both single and long-term administration of imeglimin, glucagon secretions were significantly enhanced during glucose tolerance tests. Milder enhancement was observed when using the sequential protocol. Long-term administration of imeglimin did not alter α-cell mass. Intraperitoneal imeglimin administration did not affect glucagon secretion, despite significantly decreased blood glucose levels. Imeglimin did not enhance glucagon secretion from isolated islets. Imeglimin administration improved fatty liver by suppressing de novo lipogenesis through decreasing sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c and carbohydrate response element binding protein and their target genes, while enhancing fatty acid oxidation through increasing carnitine palmitoyltransferase I.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, the present results showed that imeglimin enhances glucagon secretion through an indirect mechanism. Our findings also showed that glucagon secretion promoted by imeglimin could contribute to improvement of fatty liver through suppressing de novo lipogenesis and enhancing fatty acid oxidation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 9","pages":"1177-1190"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11363097/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141316270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac electrophysiology, structure and diastolic function in patients with diabetic foot versus those without diabetic foot","authors":"Mingxin Bai,&nbsp;Dawei Chen,&nbsp;Yan Liu,&nbsp;Xingwu Ran,&nbsp;Chun Wang,&nbsp;Lihong Chen,&nbsp;Donge Yan,&nbsp;Sen He,&nbsp;Murong Wu,&nbsp;Bo Luo,&nbsp;Wen Wang,&nbsp;Zhiyi Lei,&nbsp;Yun Gao","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14250","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14250","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the differences in cardiac autonomic function, cardiac structure and diastolic function between individuals with diabetic foot (DF) and those with diabetes but without DF.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 413 individuals with DF and 437 without DF who underwent a 24-h electrocardiogram Holter and a Doppler echocardiogram were included. The heart rate variability parameters to evaluate cardiac autonomic function, and the indices for the assessment of cardiac structure and left ventricular (LV) diastolic function, including left atrium, LV posterior wall thickness, interventricular septum and <i>E</i>/<i>e</i>′ ratio, were measured or calculated. Propensity score matching was used for the sensitivity analysis to minimize potential imbalance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In both the crude and propensity score matching analyses, significant differences were observed in heart rate variability between individuals with and without DF, as evidenced by lower standard deviation of the normal sinus interval, lower low-frequency power/high-frequency power ratio, lower standard deviation of the 5-min average RR intervals, lower low-frequency power, lower percentage of normal adjacent RR interval difference &gt;50 ms, lower root mean square of successive RR interval differences and lower high-frequency power (all <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). In multivariate analysis, DF showed an independent negative correlation with the aforementioned indices of heart rate variability (all <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Individuals with DF showed higher left atrium, LV posterior wall thickness, interventricular septum and a higher <i>E</i>/<i>e</i>′ ratio than those without DF in the crude analysis (all <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), whereas these indices were no longer associated with DF in the multivariate analysis and the propensity score matching analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cardiac autonomic modulation was more severely impaired in individuals with DF than in their counterparts without DF. There has been insufficient evidence to demonstrate the independent association of DF and LV diastolic dysfunction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 9","pages":"1276-1286"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11363107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141299550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient-reported outcomes and treatment adherence in type 2 diabetes using natural language processing: Wave 8 of the Observational International Diabetes Management Practices Study","authors":"Juliana CN Chan,&nbsp;Jean Claude Mbanya,&nbsp;Jean-Marc Chantelot,&nbsp;Marina Shestakova,&nbsp;Ambady Ramachandran,&nbsp;Hasan Ilkova,&nbsp;Lucille Deplante,&nbsp;Melissa Rollot,&nbsp;Lydie Melas-Melt,&nbsp;Juan Jose Gagliardino,&nbsp;Pablo Aschner","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14228","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14228","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed patient-reported outcomes of people with type 2 diabetes to better understand perceptions and experiences contributing to treatment adherence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the ongoing International Diabetes Management Practices Study, we collected patient-reported outcomes data from structured questionnaires (chronic treatment acceptance questionnaire and Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire) and free-text answers to open-ended questions to assess perceptions of treatment value and side-effects, as well as barriers to, and enablers for, adherence and self-management. Free-text answers were analyzed by natural language processing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In 2018–2020, we recruited 2,475 patients with type 2 diabetes (43.3% insulin-treated, glycated hemoglobin (HbA_1c) 8.0 ± 1.8%; 30.9% with HbA_1c &lt;7%) from 13 countries across Africa, the Middle East, Europe, Latin America and Asia. Mean ± standard deviation scores of chronic treatment acceptance questionnaire (acceptance of medication, rated out of 100) and Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (self-management, rated out of 10) were 87.8 ± 24.5 and 3.3 ± 0.9, respectively. Based on free-text analysis and coded responses, one in three patients reported treatment non-adherence. Overall, although most patients accepted treatment values and side-effects, self-management was suboptimal. Treatment duration, regimen complexity and disruption of daily routines were major barriers to adherence, whereas habit formation was a key enabler. Treatment-adherent patients were older (60 ± 11.6 vs 55 ± 11.7 years, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), and more likely to have longer disease duration (12 ± 8.6 vs 10 ± 7.7 years, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), exposure to diabetes education (73.1% vs 67.8%, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), lower HbA_1c (7.9 ± 1.8% vs 8.3 ± 1.9%, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) and attainment of HbA_1c &lt;7% (29.7% vs 23.3%, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patient perceptions/experiences influence treatment adherence and self-management. Patient-centered education and support programs that consider patient-reported outcomes aimed at promoting empowerment and developing new routines might improve glycemic control.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 9","pages":"1306-1316"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11363103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141260626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors contributing to the clinical effectiveness of imeglimin monotherapy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"Katsuhiko Hagi,&nbsp;Kenji Kochi,&nbsp;Hirotaka Watada,&nbsp;Kohei Kaku,&nbsp;Kohjiro Ueki","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14247","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14247","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the effect of patient characteristics on imeglimin effectiveness in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were pooled from two randomized, placebo-controlled, 24-week, double-blind studies of imeglimin monotherapy in Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, with the proportion of responders (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] &lt; 7.0%) and sustained responders (i.e., achieved and maintained response) in the imeglimin 1,000 mg twice daily group calculated at each visit. Patient factors significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) correlated with response were explored through multivariate logistic regression. Subgroup analyses compared the efficacy of imeglimin in patients with a HbA1c improvement less than or equal to −0.3% (early responders) versus greater than −0.3% (early non-responders) at week 4.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 38.0% of imeglimin-treated patients and 7.2% of placebo-treated patients were responders (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001, number needed to treat = 4). The proportion of sustained responders at weeks 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 was 10.6, 19.0, 24.0, 25.7 and 29.1%, respectively (&gt;70% of responders at each visit). Improvements in HbA1c and fasting glucose were significantly greater in early responders versus early non-responders from week 4; between-group differences remained significant to week 24. Older age (odds ratio 1.09, 95% confidence interval 1.04–1.14; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001); treatment-naïve status vs previous treatment (odds ratio 3.70, 95% confidence interval 1.55–8.82; <i>P</i> = 0.003), and lower baseline HbA1c (odds ratio 0.06, 95% confidence interval 0.02–0.16; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) predicted response.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A significantly higher proportion of patients receiving imeglimin 1,000 mg twice daily monotherapy were responders versus placebo. Most (&gt;70%) were sustained responders, suggesting that response is fairly predictable. Older age, treatment-naïve status and early treatment response significantly predicted imeglimin effectiveness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 9","pages":"1239-1247"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11363113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141097102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term effects of ipragliflozin and pioglitazone on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: 5 year observational follow-up of a randomized, 24 week, active-controlled trial","authors":"Daisuke Ito,&nbsp;Satoshi Shimizu,&nbsp;Akifumi Haisa,&nbsp;Shinnosuke Yanagisawa,&nbsp;Kazuyuki Inoue,&nbsp;Daigo Saito,&nbsp;Takashi Sumita,&nbsp;Morifumi Yanagisawa,&nbsp;Yoshihito Uchida,&nbsp;Kouichi Inukai,&nbsp;Akira Shimada","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14246","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14246","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a 5 year post-trial monitoring study of our previous randomized 24 week, open-label, active-controlled trial that showed beneficial effects of ipragliflozin on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), identical to those of pioglitazone.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In our previous trial, 66 patients with MASLD and type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to receive either ipragliflozin (<i>n</i> = 32) or pioglitazone (<i>n</i> = 34). Upon its conclusion, 61 patients were monitored for 5 years for outcome measures of MASLD, glycemic, and metabolic parameters. Differences between the two groups were analyzed at baseline, 24 weeks, and 5 years; changes in outcome measures from baseline were also evaluated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At 5 years, the mean liver-to-spleen attenuation ratio increased by 0.20 (from 0.78 ± 0.24 to 0.98 ± 0.20) in the ipragliflozin group and by 0.26 (from 0.76 ± 0.26 to 1.02 ± 0.20) in the pioglitazone group (<i>P</i> = 0.363). Similarly, ipragliflozin and pioglitazone significantly improved serum aminotransferase, HbA1c, and fasting plasma glucose levels over 5 years. In the ipragliflozin group, significant reductions in body weight and visceral fat area observed at 24 weeks were sustained throughout the 5 years (−4.0%, <i>P</i> = 0.0075 and −7.6%, <i>P</i> = 0.045, respectively). Moreover, ipragliflozin significantly reduced the values of fibrosis markers (serum ferritin and FIB-4 index), was well tolerated, and had a higher continuation rate for 5 years compared with pioglitazone.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ipragliflozin and pioglitazone improved MASLD and glycemic parameters over 5 years. In the ipragliflozin group, significant reductions in body weight and visceral fat mass persisted for 5 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 9","pages":"1220-1230"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11363141/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141074883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive value of Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation 2-Diabetes risk model and arterial stiffness for cardiovascular events in the Asian population with type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"Pannipa Suwannasom,&nbsp;Tasalak Thonghong,&nbsp;Krit Leemasawat,&nbsp;Teerapat Nantsupawat,&nbsp;Narawudt Prasertwitayakij,&nbsp;Chutamas Pairoj,&nbsp;Wanwarang Wongcharoen,&nbsp;Arintaya Phrommintikul,&nbsp;CORE-Thailand Investigators","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14231","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14231","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individuals with diabetes are at high risk of developing cardiovascular events. The present study investigated the predictive value of the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) when added to the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation 2-Diabetes (SCORE2-Diabetes) risk algorithm to predict cardiovascular events in the Asian population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The SCORE2-Diabetes risk was assessed in 1,502 patients with diabetes, aged 40–69 years. Then, we further stratified each 10-year risk category with a CAVI value of 9.0. The primary outcomes (composite of all causes of death, myocardial infarction, stroke and hospitalization for heart failure) were assessed over 5 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean age of the population was 59.8 ± 6.4 years. The proportion of 10-year risk according to the SCORE2-Diabetes risk of low, moderate, high and very high risk identified at 7.2, 30.0, 27.2 and 35.6%, respectively. The mean CAVI value was 8.4 ± 1.4, and approximately 35.4% of the patients had CAVI ≥9.0. The SCORE2-Diabetes risk algorithm independently predicted the primary outcomes in patients with diabetes (hazard ratio 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13–1.22), whereas CAVI did not (hazard ratio 1.03, 95% CI 0.89–1.18). The C-index for the primary outcomes of the SCORE2-Diabetes risk algorithm alone was 0.72 (95% CI 0.67–0.77). The combination of SCORE2-Diabetes and CAVI, both in the continuous value and risk groups, did not improve discrimination (C-index 0.72, 95% CI 0.67–0.77 and 0.68, 95% CI 0.64–0.74, respectively).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adding the CAVI to the SCORE2-Diabetes risk algorithm did not improve individual risk stratification in patients with diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 9","pages":"1266-1275"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11363117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140920835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of type 2 diabetes in southeast China: A population-based study","authors":"Xiangju Hu,&nbsp;Xin Fang,&nbsp;Minxia Wu","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14213","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14213","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To estimate the prevalence, awareness, treatment, control rate, and influence factors of type 2 diabetes in Fujian province and provide the scientific basic for prevention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A population-based study with the analysis of binary logistic regression was carried out to estimate the odds ratios of the influencing factor on type 2 diabetes. Data of the Patient-Centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events (PEACE) in southeast China were used. The study sample originated from 12 counties in Fujian province and included 135,352 permanent residents aged 35–75 years in 2021.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of type 2 diabetes was 18.32% (24,801/135,352). Among them, 13,921 (56.13%) were aware of their condition, 11,894 (47.96%) were receiving treatment, and 4,537 (18.29%) had achieved control of blood glucose. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that older age, men, low-family income, low-education level, urban locality, no medical insurance, and histories of myocardial infarction, stroke, dyslipidemia, hypertension, alcohol consumption, and obesity were associated with a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of type 2 diabetes among residents aged 35–75 years in southeast China is high, whereas the status of its low awareness, treatment and control is severe, warranting a broad-based global strategy, including greater efforts in earlier screening, and more effective and affordable treatment is essential.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 8","pages":"1034-1041"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11292384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140915312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of diabetes on the prognosis of patients with oral and oropharyngeal cancer: A meta-analysis","authors":"Wei Xu,&nbsp;Zhi Chen,&nbsp;Laijian Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14223","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14223","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diabetes has been related to an increased risk of oral cancer. Nevertheless, the impact of diabetes on the outcome of individuals with oral and oropharyngeal cancer is not clear. In this study, a meta-analysis was carried out to assess the link between diabetes and the survival of individuals with oral and oropharyngeal cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Relevant cohort studies for the meta-analysis objective were obtained through searching electronic databases, such as PubMed, Web of Science and Embase. The data were combined using a random effects model that accounted for differences between studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 10 cohorts involving 21,871 patients with oral and oropharyngeal cancer were included. Pooled results suggest that compared with those with normoglycemia, oral and oropharyngeal cancer patients with diabetes were associated with a poor overall survival (hazard ratio 1.69, 95% confidence interval 1.29–2.22, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001; <i>I</i>² = 69%). Subgroup analysis suggested a stronger association between diabetes and poor overall survival in patients aged ≥52 years as compared with those aged &lt;52 years (hazard ratio 2.08 vs 1.34, <i>P</i> = 0.03). Other study characteristics, such as study country, tumor stage or follow-up duration, did not seem to significantly affect the association (<i>P</i> for subgroup difference all &gt;0.05). In addition, diabetes was also associated with a poor progression-free survival of patients with oral and oropharyngeal cancer (hazard ratio 1.61, 95% confidence interval 1.30–1.99, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001; <i>I</i>² = 9%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with oral and oropharyngeal cancer might have a poor survival if they have pre-existing diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 8","pages":"1140-1150"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11292398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140896147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postpartum life interventions to prevent type 2 diabetes in women with gestational diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Yu Wang,&nbsp;Wenjun Wei,&nbsp;Heming Guo,&nbsp;Dengmin Wang,&nbsp;Xueli Wei,&nbsp;Chunlan Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Zhang,&nbsp;Yun Huang","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14220","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14220","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major metabolic disease that seriously endangers life and health, but women with gestational diabetes mellitus are at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of postpartum lifestyle intervention on the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and the effect of lifestyle intervention on glycemic outcomes and anthropometric measures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We searched PubMed and other databases to retrieve articles published before May 21, 2023, on randomized controlled trials of postnatal lifestyle interventions (diet and/or physical activity) in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. We estimated the pooled odds ratios using fixed or random effects models and conducted a subgroup analysis of the different intervention methods to explore differences in the different lifestyle interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The review included 17 randomized controlled trials. Overall, lifestyle changes started after a pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus an 11% (RR = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.74–1.07) reduction in diabetes risk; significant differences were found for weight (MD = −1.33; 95% CI: [−1.76; −0.89], <i>P</i> &lt; 0.00001) body mass index (MD = −0.53; 95% CI: [−0.74, −0.32], <i>P</i> &lt; 0.00001), and waist circumference change (MD = −1.38; 95% CI: [−2.12; −0.64], <i>P</i> = 0.0002) but not for fasting glucose (MD = −0.06; 95% CI: [−0.19; 0.06], <i>P</i> = 0.32), 2 h glucose (MD = −0.12; 95% CI: [−0.30; 0.06], <i>P</i> = 0.19), and hemoglobin A1c (MD = −0.11; 95% CI: [−0.23; 0.02], <i>P</i> = 0.09). Subgroup analyses showed no significant differences in the effects of different lifestyle interventions on the incidence of type 2 diabetes, blood glucose levels, and anthropometric parameters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our comprehensive meta-analysis of lifestyle interventions can improve modifiable anthropometric measures in women with gestational diabetes. We need further research to provide more intensive lifestyle intervention, more scientific intervention methods, and to reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes in patients with gestational diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 8","pages":"1115-1128"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11292388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140896189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating netrin-1 levels are reduced and related to corneal nerve fiber loss in patients with diabetic neuropathy","authors":"Asif Mondal,&nbsp;Chiranjit Bose,&nbsp;Subhasish Pramanik,&nbsp;Debasish Dash,&nbsp;Bidisha Mukherjee,&nbsp;Rayaz A Malik,&nbsp;Satinath Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14197","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14197","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Deficiency of neurotropic factors is implicated in diabetic neuropathy (DN). Netrin-1 is a neurotropic factor, but its association with DN has not been explored. We have assessed the association between serum netrin-1 levels and early diabetic neuropathy assessed by quantifying corneal nerve fiber loss using corneal confocal microscopy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 72 participants with type 2 diabetes, without and with corneal nerve fiber loss (DN− <i>n</i> = 42, DN+ <i>n</i> = 30), and 45 healthy controls were studied. Serum netrin-1 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and corneal nerve morphology was assessed using corneal confocal microscopy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Corneal nerve fiber density, branch density, fiber length and serum netrin-1 levels were significantly lower in the DN− and DN+ groups compared with controls (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). Netrin-1 levels correlated with corneal nerve fiber length in the DN+ group (<i>r</i> = 0.51; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01). A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that a netrin-1 cut-off value of 599.6 (pg/mL) had an area under the curve of 0.85, with a sensitivity of 76% and specificity of 74% (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001; 95% confidence interval 0.76–0.94) for differentiating patients with and without corneal nerve loss.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum netrin-1 levels show a progressive decline with increasing severity of small nerve fiber damage in patients with diabetes. Netrin-1 could act as a biomarker for small nerve fiber damage in DN.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 8","pages":"1068-1074"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11292387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140896141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}