Journal of Diabetes Investigation最新文献

{"title":"Clustering-based risk stratification of prediabetes populations: Insights from the Taiwan and UK Biobanks","authors":"Djeane Debora Onthoni,&nbsp;Ying-Erh Chen,&nbsp;Yi-Hsuan Lai,&nbsp;Guo-Hung Li,&nbsp;Yong-Sheng Zhuang,&nbsp;Hong-Ming Lin,&nbsp;Yu-Ping Hsiao,&nbsp;Ade Indra Onthoni,&nbsp;Hung-Yi Chiou,&nbsp;Ren-Hua Chung","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14328","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14328","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to identify low- and high-risk diabetes groups within prediabetes populations using data from the Taiwan Biobank (TWB) and UK Biobank (UKB) through a clustering-based Unsupervised Learning (UL) approach, to inform targeted type 2 diabetes (T2D) interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from TWB and UKB, comprising clinical and genetic information, were analyzed. Prediabetes was defined by glucose thresholds, and incident T2D was identified through follow-up data. K-means clustering was performed on prediabetes participants using significant features determined through logistic regression and LASSO. Cluster stability was assessed using mean Jaccard similarity, silhouette score, and the elbow method.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified two stable clusters representing high- and low-risk diabetes groups in both biobanks. The high-risk clusters showed higher diabetes incidence, with 15.7% in TWB and 13.0% in UKB, compared to 7.3% and 9.1% in the low-risk clusters, respectively. Notably, males were predominant in the high-risk groups, constituting 76.6% in TWB and 52.7% in UKB. In TWB, the high-risk group also exhibited significantly higher BMI, fasting glucose, and triglycerides, while UKB showed marginal significance in BMI and other metabolic indicators. Current smoking was significantly associated with increased diabetes risk in the TWB high-risk group (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). Kaplan–Meier curves indicated significant differences in diabetes complication incidences between clusters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>UL effectively identified risk-specific groups within prediabetes populations, with high-risk groups strongly associated male gender, higher BMI, smoking, and metabolic markers. Tailored preventive strategies, particularly for young males in Taiwan, are crucial to reducing T2D risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"16 1","pages":"25-35"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11693582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142454284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causes of death in Japanese patients with diabetes based on the results of a survey of 68,555 cases during 2011–2020: Committee report on causes of death in diabetes mellitus, Japan Diabetes Society (English version)","authors":"Jiro Nakamura,&nbsp;Narihito Yoshioka,&nbsp;Hideki Katagiri,&nbsp;Kohjiro Ueki,&nbsp;Toshimasa Yamauchi,&nbsp;Nobuya Inagaki,&nbsp;Yukio Tanizawa,&nbsp;Eiichi Araki,&nbsp;Takeo Nakayama,&nbsp;Hideki Kamiya","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14232","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14232","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The principal causes of death among 68,555 patients with diabetes and 164,621 patients without diabetes who died in 208 hospitals throughout Japan between 2011 and 2020 were determined based on a survey of hospital records. The most frequent cause of death in patients with diabetes was malignant neoplasms (38.9%) (lung 7.8%, pancreas 6.5%, liver 4.1%), followed, in order of descending frequency, by infectious diseases (17.0%) and then vascular diseases (10.9%) (cerebrovascular diseases 5.2%, ischemic heart diseases 3.5%, renal failure 2.3%). The proportion of deaths from malignant neoplasms and vascular diseases has trended upward and downward, respectively. Almost all deaths from ischemic heart diseases were due to myocardial infarction, and the proportion of deaths from heart diseases other than ischemic heart diseases was relatively high (9.0%), with most cases due to heart failure. Diabetic coma associated with hyperglycemia accounted for only 0.3% of deaths. The proportion of deaths from malignant neoplasms, infectious diseases, renal failure, ischemic heart diseases, and heart failure was significantly higher in patients with diabetes than in those without diabetes, and the proportion of deaths from cerebrovascular diseases was significantly lower in patients with diabetes. With regard to the relationship between the age and cause of death in patients with diabetes, malignant neoplasms were the most frequent cause of death in all age groups, and the incidence was around 50% for those in their 50s and 60s. The incidence of death due to infectious diseases was highest in patients older than their 70s. The incidence of death due to vascular diseases for patients in their 40s and 50s was higher than that due to infectious diseases. The highest incidence of death due to ischemic heart diseases was observed for patients in their 40s, and that due to renal failure and heart failure in patients older than their 70s. Compared with patients without diabetes, patients with diabetes demonstrated a higher incidence of death due to pancreatic cancer, infectious diseases, renal failure, ischemic heart diseases, and heart failure, and a lower incidence of death due to cerebrovascular diseases in all age groups. The average age at death of patients with diabetes was 74.4 years old in men and 77.4 years old in women, which were lower than the average lifespan of the Japanese general population in 2020 by 7.2 and 10.3 years, respectively. However, these differences were smaller than in previous surveys. The average age at death due to all causes, especially due to ischemic heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, heart failure, infectious diseases, and diabetic coma, was lower in patients with ‘poorer’ glycemic control than in those with ‘better’ glycemic control. In the total survey population, the average age at death of patients with diabetes was significantly higher than that of patients without diabetes. The average age at death due to malignant neop","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 12","pages":"1821-1837"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jdi.14232","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142370425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The roles of output clock genes in regulating glucose metabolism","authors":"Akihiko Taguchi,&nbsp;Yasuharu Ohta,&nbsp;Yuko Nagao,&nbsp;Yukio Tanizawa","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14295","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14295","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Circadian rhythm is an endogenous autonomous oscillator of physiological activities resulting in 24 h day/night cycles. This rhythm is regarded as a system regulating organisms allowing them to carry out efficient biological activities during the day–night cycle. In humans, the rhythm is set at 24 h and 11 ± 16 min, which is slightly longer than the day rhythm (24 h). Therefore, when living in a dark room, the waking time is slightly delayed each day&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The invention of electric light revolutionized society, with humans now able to work at night, including shift work, and such disruption of the circadian rhythm reportedly increases insulin resistance, as well as raising the risks of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2, 3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In humans, the center of the circadian rhythm is located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, and the rhythm is generated by a set of genes known as clock genes. The following molecular mechanism generates circadian rhythms: first, the heterodimer of CLOCK-BMAL1, a set of the core clock gene products, binds to the promoters of the &lt;i&gt;Per&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Cry&lt;/i&gt; clock genes, thereby activating both &lt;i&gt;Per&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Cry&lt;/i&gt; transcription. The translated PER and CRY then suppress CLOCK-BMAL1 transcriptional activity through a negative feedback mechanism, and this loop cycles once every 24 h to generate a circadian rhythm (Figure 1). The genes involved in this circuit are referred to as ‘core clock genes’.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Core clock genes such as &lt;i&gt;Bmal1&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Clock&lt;/i&gt; generate circadian rhythms by regulating a group of genes with E-box sequences that provide a rhythm underlying cellular functions. For example, in pancreatic islet β-cells, BMAL1 and CLOCK directly regulate a group of genes related to insulin secretion, generating a distinct circadian rhythm for insulin secretion&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. In addition to these direct regulatory factors, another set of transcription factors, referred to as clock output genes, transmit the signals from core clock genes to downstream effector genes. Clock output genes include DBP, TEF, HLF, and E4BP4. We and others have recently conducted rigorous studies of their effects on metabolism (Table 1). Herein, we discuss the roles of these clock output genes, focusing on glucose metabolism.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Future research is anticipated to reveal the mechanisms underlying peripheral clock gene regulation, opening the way to the development of drugs targeting these genes without disrupting the central circadian rhythm. While drugs influencing core clock genes have shown metabolic benefits in mice, their use in patients with metabolic diseases requires further investigation aimed at minimizing any adverse effects on the central biological clock.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Yukio Tanizawa is an Editorial Board member of &lt;i&gt;Journal of Diabetes Investigation&lt;/i&gt; and a co-author of this article. To minimize bias, he was excluded from all editorial decision-making related t","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 12","pages":"1707-1710"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jdi.14295","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142370427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Ulaanbaatar agreement: Revising diabetes terminology in Asia to combat stigma","authors":"Yutaka Seino,&nbsp;Daisuke Yabe,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Tsumura,&nbsp;Chien-Ning Huang,&nbsp;So Hun Kim,&nbsp;Weiping Jia,&nbsp;Altaisaikhan Khasag,&nbsp;Takashi Kadowaki","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14330","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14330","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Many Asian countries, including Japan, China, and South Korea, continue to use terms that reference sugar and urine, contributing to ongoing stigma, while most of the rest of the world seem to use terms related to the original “Diabetes,” meaning “to pass through.” The 16th Scientific Meeting of the Asian Association for the Study of Diabetes (AASD) was held, featuring a pivotal joint symposium organized by AASD and the Japanese Association of Diabetes Education and Care where an in-depth discussion was carried out on diabetes-related terminology across various Asian countries and regions, with a particular focus on the stigma associated with existing terms. The symposium participants reached a consensus on the necessity of revising the stigmatizing diabetes terminology across Asia and agreed to continue discussions and monitor progress at the 17th AASD Scientific Meeting, scheduled to be held in 2025.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 11","pages":"1533-1536"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jdi.14330","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142370428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-carbohydrate diets in East Asians with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Junya Hironaka,&nbsp;Masahide Hamaguchi,&nbsp;Takahiro Ichikawa,&nbsp;Hanako Nakajima,&nbsp;Takuro Okamura,&nbsp;Saori Majima,&nbsp;Takafumi Senmaru,&nbsp;Hiroshi Okada,&nbsp;Emi Ushigome,&nbsp;Naoko Nakanishi,&nbsp;Erina Joo,&nbsp;Kenichiro Shide,&nbsp;Michiaki Fukui","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14326","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14326","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite the reported success of low-carbohydrate diets in improving glycemic control in the Western countries, no studies have investigated the effects of such diets in Asians. We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to examine the effects of low-carbohydrate diets on glycemic control in East Asian adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We systematically searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases from inception to June 28, 2023, to identify randomized controlled trials examining the efficacy of low-carbohydrate diets in patients with type 2 diabetes (PROSPERO number CRD 42023453007). The primary outcome was the difference in glycated hemoglobin levels between the low-carbohydrate diet and control groups. The secondary outcome was the difference in body mass index, fasting blood glucose level, blood pressure, and lipid profile.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Six randomized controlled trials met the eligibility criteria. The study duration ranged from 3 to 18 months, with five studies conducted within 6 months. The results showed that low-carbohydrate diets were more beneficial in lowering glycated hemoglobin levels and body mass index than control diets. The risk of bias for the six studies was minimal for two and moderate for four. The heterogeneity among the studies was low.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Low-carbohydrate diets improved glycated hemoglobin levels and body mass index in East Asians compared with control diets. Therefore, carbohydrate restriction may be effective for glycemic management in East Asians with type 2 diabetes for at least 6 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 12","pages":"1753-1762"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jdi.14326","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142363624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noncoding RNAs and diabetic kidney disease","authors":"Jun Wada","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14331","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14331","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In both human clinical and animal experimental studies, the altered expression of regulatory RNAs such as miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs are reported in diabetes and its complications by investigating various samples of serum, plasma, whole blood, and tissues. These identified ncRNAs are candidates for the disease diagnostic markers, prognostic markers, and also therapeutic targets. In the updates, the recently published ncRNAs involved in the onset and progression of DKD are discussed.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"16 1","pages":"8-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11693531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142370426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of glucose and energy metabolism through actions of glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide","authors":"Yasuo Zenimaru,&nbsp;Norio Harada","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14305","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14305","url":null,"abstract":"<p>There are several physiological and pharmacological actions of glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide/gastric inhibitory polypeptide for the regulation of blood glucose and bodyweight.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 12","pages":"1725-1726"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jdi.14305","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142337882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal diabetes mellitus around the world: Update 2024","authors":"Fabrizio Barbetti,&nbsp;Asma Deeb,&nbsp;Shigeru Suzuki","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14312","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14312","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM), defined as diabetes with an onset during the first 6 months of life, is a rare form of monogenic diabetes. The initial publications on this condition began appearing in the second half of the 1990s and quite surprisingly, the search for new NDM genes is still ongoing with great vigor. Between 2018 and early 2024, six brand new NDM-genes have been discovered (<i>CNOT1</i>, <i>FICD</i>, <i>ONECUT1</i>, <i>PDIA6</i>, <i>YIPF5</i>, <i>ZNF808</i>) and three genes known to cause different diseases were identified as NDM-genes (<i>EIF2B1</i>, <i>NARS2</i>, <i>KCNMA1</i>). In addition, NDM cases carrying mutations in three other genes known to give rise to diabetes during childhood have been also identified (<i>AGPAT2</i>, <i>BSCL2</i>, <i>PIK3R1</i>). As a consequence, the list of NDM genes now exceeds 40. This genetic heterogeneity translates into many different mechanism(s) of disease that are being investigated with state-of-the-art methodologies, such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) and human embryonic stem cells (hESC) manipulated with the CRISPR technique of genome editing. This diversity in genetic causes and the pathophysiology of diabetes dictate the need for a variety of therapeutic approaches. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview on recent achievements in all aspects of this area of research.</p>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 12","pages":"1711-1724"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jdi.14312","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142337881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking extent of return to fasting state after oral glucose tolerance test to future risk of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes: Insights from the TLGS","authors":"Soroush Masrouri,&nbsp;Seyed Saeed Tamehri Zadeh,&nbsp;Maryam Tohidi,&nbsp;Fereidoun Azizi,&nbsp;Farzad Hadaegh","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14308","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14308","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess the risk of difference between 2 h post-load plasma glucose (2 h-PG) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) on incident prediabetes/type 2 diabetes (T2DM) among normoglycemic individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 4,971 individuals aged ≥20 years, the associations of the difference between 2 h-PG and FPG with outcomes were examined using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression analysis. Participants were categorized into three groups: a low post-load group (2 h-PG ≤ FPG, as the reference group); a high post-load group (2 h-PG &gt; FPG and ≥75th percentile of the difference); and a medium post-load group (2 h-PG &gt; FPG and &lt;75th percentile of the difference), which was further categorized into three groups by equal ranges.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Over a median of 11.5 years of follow-up, 2,331 new cases of prediabetes/type 2 diabetes and 360 cases of type 2 diabetes occurred. Greater risks of incident prediabetes/type 2 diabetes in second (9–16 mg/dL) and third (17–24 mg/dL) medium post-load, as well as high post-load (≥25 mg/dL) categories, were found, with hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 1.26 (1.11–1.44), 1.32 (1.15–1.51), and 1.69 (1.51–1.90), respectively; the issue was more prominent among women (<i>P</i> for interaction = 0.005). The risk of incident type 2 diabetes was also higher for these categories. After further adjustment for the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, result remained essentially unchanged. Even among individuals with low normal FPG (i.e., &lt;90 mg/dL), ≥9 mg/dL difference between 2 h-PG and FPG increased the risk of composite prediabetes/ type 2 diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Greater levels of 2 h-PG as low as 9 mg/dL than FPG among normoglycemic individuals is a harbinger of prediabetes/type 2 diabetes development.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 12","pages":"1743-1752"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jdi.14308","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142337879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maturity-onset diabetes of the young: A proposal for updated nomenclature","authors":"Mustafa Tosur","doi":"10.1111/jdi.14320","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.14320","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Given the contemporary understanding of diabetes genetics, the term “maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY)” warrants renaming. I propose adopting the term “monogenic diabetes” in conjunction with the specific gene name.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":51250,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"15 12","pages":"1818-1819"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jdi.14320","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142337880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}