Low-carbohydrate diets in East Asians with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
Junya Hironaka, Masahide Hamaguchi, Takahiro Ichikawa, Hanako Nakajima, Takuro Okamura, Saori Majima, Takafumi Senmaru, Hiroshi Okada, Emi Ushigome, Naoko Nakanishi, Erina Joo, Kenichiro Shide, Michiaki Fukui
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Abstract

Aims

Despite the reported success of low-carbohydrate diets in improving glycemic control in the Western countries, no studies have investigated the effects of such diets in Asians. We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to examine the effects of low-carbohydrate diets on glycemic control in East Asian adults.

Materials and Methods

We systematically searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases from inception to June 28, 2023, to identify randomized controlled trials examining the efficacy of low-carbohydrate diets in patients with type 2 diabetes (PROSPERO number CRD 42023453007). The primary outcome was the difference in glycated hemoglobin levels between the low-carbohydrate diet and control groups. The secondary outcome was the difference in body mass index, fasting blood glucose level, blood pressure, and lipid profile.

Results

Six randomized controlled trials met the eligibility criteria. The study duration ranged from 3 to 18 months, with five studies conducted within 6 months. The results showed that low-carbohydrate diets were more beneficial in lowering glycated hemoglobin levels and body mass index than control diets. The risk of bias for the six studies was minimal for two and moderate for four. The heterogeneity among the studies was low.

Conclusions

Low-carbohydrate diets improved glycated hemoglobin levels and body mass index in East Asians compared with control diets. Therefore, carbohydrate restriction may be effective for glycemic management in East Asians with type 2 diabetes for at least 6 months.

Abstract Image

东亚 2 型糖尿病患者的低碳水化合物饮食:随机对照试验的系统回顾和荟萃分析。
目的:尽管低碳水化合物膳食在西方国家成功改善了血糖控制,但尚未有研究调查此类膳食对亚洲人的影响。我们旨在对随机对照试验进行系统回顾和荟萃分析,以研究低碳水化合物饮食对东亚成年人血糖控制的影响:我们系统地检索了 PubMed、Cochrane Library 和 Embase 数据库(从开始到 2023 年 6 月 28 日),以确定研究低碳水化合物饮食对 2 型糖尿病患者疗效的随机对照试验(PROSPERO 编号 CRD 42023453007)。主要结果是低碳水化合物饮食组和对照组之间糖化血红蛋白水平的差异。次要结果是体重指数、空腹血糖水平、血压和血脂状况的差异:结果:六项随机对照试验符合资格标准。研究持续时间从 3 个月到 18 个月不等,其中 5 项研究在 6 个月内进行。结果显示,与对照饮食相比,低碳水化合物饮食更有利于降低糖化血红蛋白水平和体重指数。六项研究中,两项研究的偏倚风险极小,四项研究的偏倚风险中等。研究的异质性较低:结论:与对照饮食相比,低碳水化合物饮食可改善东亚人的糖化血红蛋白水平和体重指数。因此,在至少 6 个月的时间内,限制碳水化合物可能会有效控制东亚人 2 型糖尿病患者的血糖。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Diabetes Investigation
Journal of Diabetes Investigation ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
9.40%
发文量
218
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Diabetes Investigation is your core diabetes journal from Asia; the official journal of the Asian Association for the Study of Diabetes (AASD). The journal publishes original research, country reports, commentaries, reviews, mini-reviews, case reports, letters, as well as editorials and news. Embracing clinical and experimental research in diabetes and related areas, the Journal of Diabetes Investigation includes aspects of prevention, treatment, as well as molecular aspects and pathophysiology. Translational research focused on the exchange of ideas between clinicians and researchers is also welcome. Journal of Diabetes Investigation is indexed by Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE).
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