Virus Genes最新文献_第7页

APOBEC cellular enzymes as 'court jesters' in SARS-CoV-2 evolution. APOBEC细胞酶在SARS-CoV-2进化中的“宫廷小丑”作用

IF 2 4区医学

Virus Genes Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-14 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-026-02227-w

Philippe Colson, Pierre Pontarotti, Jacques Fantini, Anthony Levasseur, Christian Devaux, Didier Raoult

引用次数: 0

Emergence of foot-and-mouth disease virus SAT 1 topotype III in Iran: molecular and phylogenetic analysis. 伊朗出现口蹄疫病毒sat1拓扑型III：分子和系统发育分析

IF 2 4区医学

Virus Genes Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-21 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-026-02230-1

Zahra Ziafati Kafi, Mohammad Hossein Fallah Mehrabadi, Soroush Sarmadi, Fahimeh Jamiri, Alireza Bakhshi, Mahtab Heydarpour Chaleshtori, Hirbod Sheikhi, Amir Javadi, Alireza Vafadar, Arash Ghalyanchilangeroudi

{"title":"Emergence of foot-and-mouth disease virus SAT 1 topotype III in Iran: molecular and phylogenetic analysis.","authors":"Zahra Ziafati Kafi, Mohammad Hossein Fallah Mehrabadi, Soroush Sarmadi, Fahimeh Jamiri, Alireza Bakhshi, Mahtab Heydarpour Chaleshtori, Hirbod Sheikhi, Amir Javadi, Alireza Vafadar, Arash Ghalyanchilangeroudi","doi":"10.1007/s11262-026-02230-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11262-026-02230-1","url":null,"abstract":"Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is one of the most devastating viral diseases affecting cloven-hoofed livestock, leading to significant economic losses. Among the seven established serotypes of this disease, three (O, A, and Asia 1) have been continuously reported and are routinely included in the vaccination schedule in Iran. In response to a severe, atypical FMD outbreak that emerged in October 2025, we collected clinical samples from affected cattle and sheep. We conducted RT-PCR, sequenced the products, and subsequently performed phylogenetic analysis of the viral sequences against all available global topotypes to determine the origin of the incursion. We identified the causative agent as a SAT 1 serotype, a strain not included in the Iranian vaccination schedule. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Iranian strains cluster within topotype III, indicating the closest evolutionary relationship to Botswana isolates. This study provides the first definitive evidence of the emergence and transmission of FMDV SAT 1/III in Iran, posing a severe threat to regional livestock industries, which mandates an urgent reassessment of current FMD surveillance and vaccine strategies and highlights a significant new risk across the Middle East region. The unexpected emergence of this lineage necessitates further investigation into the source of the incursion, with potential pathways including laboratory-derived origins or the use of contaminated or incompletely inactivated vaccines.","PeriodicalId":51212,"journal":{"name":"Virus Genes","volume":" ","pages":"341-350"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The use of an avian macrophage-like cell line (HD11) transduced with recombinant lentiviruses to dissect the immunomodulatory role of Marek's disease virus gene products. 利用重组慢病毒转导的禽巨噬细胞样细胞系（HD11）来解剖马立克病病毒基因产物的免疫调节作用。

IF 2 4区医学

Virus Genes Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-27 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-026-02224-z

Sonsiray Alvarez-Narvaez, Steven J Conrad, Taejoong Kim, Stephen Spatz, John R Dunn

{"title":"The use of an avian macrophage-like cell line (HD11) transduced with recombinant lentiviruses to dissect the immunomodulatory role of Marek's disease virus gene products.","authors":"Sonsiray Alvarez-Narvaez, Steven J Conrad, Taejoong Kim, Stephen Spatz, John R Dunn","doi":"10.1007/s11262-026-02224-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11262-026-02224-z","url":null,"abstract":"Marek's disease (MD) is caused by the highly contagious Marek's disease virus (MDV), a tumorigenic alphaherpesvirus. The disease is presently managed through vaccination. Nevertheless, the dynamic nature of MDV presents challenges, as new virulent strains may arise that can potentially overcome existing vaccine-mediated immunity. To address this, new and more effective vaccines are crucial. The immune system's first line of defense against infections is the innate immune response, where type I interferons (IFN-I) play a key role. As with other alphaherpesviruses, MDV encodes numerous genes capable of modulating IFN-I production during infection. Ablation of these genes in MDV could result in attenuation, thereby facilitating the creation of novel vaccine strains with augmented IFN-I induction during infection. Hence, a system to identify immunomodulatory MDV gene products that impede IFN-I production in avian innate immune cells is required. Herein, we present an innovative screening method that quantifies the expression of Interferon Omega 1 (IFNω1) in an avian macrophage-like cell line expressing MDV genes via recombinant lentivirus (rLV) integration. Five MDV gene products hypothesized to inhibit IFN-I production (Meq, US3, R-LORF4, UL46, and UL48) were assayed in our screening system. Stable expression of all MDV genes was obtained when rLV was utilized to insert these genes into HD11 cells. Additionally, we established the optimal conditions for activation of the IFN-I response in HD11 cells using a 2 kb double-stranded DNA segment delivered by transfection as a stimulant. With this approach, we demonstrated that these MDV gene products significantly decreased the gene expression of IFN-I when activated by transfection with double-stranded DNA.","PeriodicalId":51212,"journal":{"name":"Virus Genes","volume":" ","pages":"318-327"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13226417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147534328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular characterization and genotypic diversity of human astroviruses among patients with gastroenteritis in Saudi Arabia, 2022-2023. 2022-2023年沙特阿拉伯肠胃炎患者星状病毒的分子特征和基因型多样性

IF 2 4区医学

Virus Genes Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-06 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-026-02225-y

Sultan Alqahtani, Maaweya Awadalla, Abdullah E Alanazi, Aroob Abdullah Alhumaidy, Atif Hanif, Hajar A Alshehri, Aram Abdulaziz Alsayegh, Faisal AlQusi, Huda M Alshanbari, Saleh Eifan, Bandar Alosaimi

{"title":"Molecular characterization and genotypic diversity of human astroviruses among patients with gastroenteritis in Saudi Arabia, 2022-2023.","authors":"Sultan Alqahtani, Maaweya Awadalla, Abdullah E Alanazi, Aroob Abdullah Alhumaidy, Atif Hanif, Hajar A Alshehri, Aram Abdulaziz Alsayegh, Faisal AlQusi, Huda M Alshanbari, Saleh Eifan, Bandar Alosaimi","doi":"10.1007/s11262-026-02225-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11262-026-02225-y","url":null,"abstract":"Human astroviruses (HAstV) are a significant viral pathogen contributing to acute gastroenteritis. This study investigated the molecular diversity of human astroviruses in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A total of 1043 stool samples were collected from patients with acute gastroenteritis between July 2022 and June 2023 across five hospitals. Initial screening for HAstV was performed using real-time PCR, followed by PCR amplification and sequencing of the ORF1 capsid region for genotyping. HAstV was detected in 16 (1.53%) of the samples. Among the HAstV-positive cases, 8 patients (50%) were male and 8 (50%) were female. The highest detection rate was observed in the 0-18-year age group (12 cases, 75%). The highest number of infections were recorded in winter (10 cases, 62.5%), followed by autumn and spring (3 cases each, 18.75%). The circulation of two distinct HAstV genotypes, HAstV-1 (93.75%) and HAstV-5 (6.25%), was recorded. Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic reconstruction confirmed the placement of 12 sequences within the HAstV-1 clade, showing low intra-clade divergence. The clear separation of genotypes may underscore the ongoing genetic diversification of HAstV in the region. These findings highlight the importance of molecular surveillance for detecting emerging and circulating genotypes that may influence transmission dynamics or clinical impact.","PeriodicalId":51212,"journal":{"name":"Virus Genes","volume":" ","pages":"271-280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13226427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147370636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ibudilast and dipyridamole ameliorate murine γ-herpesvirus 68-induced acute hepatitis following airway infection. 布地司特和双嘧达莫可改善小鼠γ-疱疹病毒68诱导的气道感染后急性肝炎。

IF 2 4区医学

Virus Genes Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-13 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-026-02238-7

Koyuki Atifa Rahmi, Hisashi Iizasa, Hironori Yoshiyama, Yusuke Endo, Seiji Kageyama, Kyosuke Kanai

{"title":"Ibudilast and dipyridamole ameliorate murine γ-herpesvirus 68-induced acute hepatitis following airway infection.","authors":"Koyuki Atifa Rahmi, Hisashi Iizasa, Hironori Yoshiyama, Yusuke Endo, Seiji Kageyama, Kyosuke Kanai","doi":"10.1007/s11262-026-02238-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11262-026-02238-7","url":null,"abstract":"Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous pathogen that infects most adults worldwide. Although frequently associated with acute hepatitis, no specific treatment for EBV-induced hepatitis currently exists. Using murine γ-herpesvirus 68 (MHV68) infection in mice, which is a well-established murine model for EBV infection, we previously demonstrated that MHV68-induced hepatitis is mediated via the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway. In this study, we investigated the anti-hepatitis effects of two anti-inflammatory agents, ibudilast and dipyridamole, which are known to suppress LPS/TLR4-induced inflammation. In vitro antiviral activity was assessed in MHV68-infected 3T12 and MLE12 cells treated with ibudilast or dipyridamole (0-20 µg/ml). Viral replication was measured by quantitative PCR, and cell viability was assessed via water-soluble tetrazolium assay. In vivo efficacy was evaluated in MHV68-infected C57BL/6 mice treated with ibudilast, dipyridamole, the TLR4 antagonist C34, or vehicle. Hepatitis was assessed by monitoring body weight and serum AST/ALT levels. Dipyridamole significantly reduced MHV68 replication in vitro at 10 and 20 µg/ml without cytotoxicity. Ibudilast significantly reduced viral load; however, viral suppression was observed at cytotoxic concentrations. In vivo, both agents significantly reduced liver enzyme levels and mitigated body weight loss in infected mice. Their efficacy surpassed that of C34, a small-molecule TLR4 antagonist. Dipyridamole exhibited in vitro antiviral activity, and both agents effectively ameliorated MHV68-induced hepatitis in vivo. These findings highlight their therapeutic potential for acute hepatitis associated with extrahepatic viral infections, including EBV-associated disease.","PeriodicalId":51212,"journal":{"name":"Virus Genes","volume":" ","pages":"370-377"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147677299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evolution and emergence of the integrase inhibitor 231 insertion resistance mutation in an HIV-2 strain isolated in central Portugal. 在葡萄牙中部分离的HIV-2毒株中整合酶抑制剂231插入抗性突变的进化和出现

IF 2 4区医学

Virus Genes Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-15 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-026-02236-9

João Pereira-Vaz, Anália Carmo, Alexandra Mendes, Célia Morais, Ana Alves, Fernando Rodrigues, Vítor Duque

{"title":"Evolution and emergence of the integrase inhibitor 231 insertion resistance mutation in an HIV-2 strain isolated in central Portugal.","authors":"João Pereira-Vaz, Anália Carmo, Alexandra Mendes, Célia Morais, Ana Alves, Fernando Rodrigues, Vítor Duque","doi":"10.1007/s11262-026-02236-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11262-026-02236-9","url":null,"abstract":"Limited in vivo data are available regarding the recently described integrase (IN) codon 231 insertion mutation in Human immunodeficiency virus 2 (HIV-2) because this new resistance pathway to integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) has only been found in very few clinical isolates. This study reports the emergence of the IN codon 231 insertion resistance mutation in an HIV-2 strain isolated from a person with HIV-2 (PWH-2) undergoing antiretroviral treatment with a raltegravir (RAL) containing regimen, in central Portugal. Longitudinal nucleotide sequences of the IN coding region (codons 1-293) obtained prior to and at the time of treatment failure were retrospectively analyzed for genotypic resistance to antiretroviral drugs. The 5 amino acid insertion mutation between codons 231 and 232 was detected in the IN C-terminal domain of an HIV-2 group A strain 156 months after initiation of a RAL-containing regimen. The insertion mutation was not present before exposure to RAL. No other resistance-associated mutation to INSTIs was detected at the time of treatment failure. The insertion profile found, GYRGK, was similar to those previously described, and clearly emerged under the selective pressure of RAL, which is in agreement with previously reported evidence of a significant correlation between treatment failure to INSTIs and the emergence of R231_insert containing viruses. Our findings expand the available genotypic data regarding this resistance pathway and should help to improve HIV-2 resistance interpretation algorithms.","PeriodicalId":51212,"journal":{"name":"Virus Genes","volume":" ","pages":"393-397"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147693354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

H4N6 avian influenza virus in Iran: first isolation and molecular insights. 伊朗H4N6禽流感病毒：首次分离和分子观察

IF 2 4区医学

Virus Genes Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-026-02215-0

Mohsen Bashashati, Mohammad Hossein Fallah Mehrabadi, Leila Moradi Haghgou, Aida Chalesh, Fereshteh Sabouri

引用次数: 0

Generation of an infectious cDNA clone of BJ-Swzp-2022, a Group III Isolate of Getah Virus. Getah病毒III群分离物BJ-Swzp-2022感染性cDNA克隆的生成

IF 2 4区医学

Virus Genes Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-026-02219-w

Dongni Kong, Liang Meng, Dan Liu, Jia Wang, Xiaojie Huang, Tianshu Zhai, Yong Deng, Qi Xue, Hongju Wu, Yaqing Mao, Haiwei Wang, Huawei Wu

引用次数: 0

First detection and genomic characterization of ungulate tetraparvovirus 1 in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) from vietnam. 首次在越南水牛（Bubalus bubalis）中检测到有蹄类四虫病毒1型并进行基因组鉴定。

IF 2 4区医学

Virus Genes Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-026-02221-2

Sung-Hyun Moon, Taek Geun Lee, Young-Seung Ko, Dae Sung Yoo, Yeonsu Oh, Ho-Seong Cho

{"title":"First detection and genomic characterization of ungulate tetraparvovirus 1 in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) from vietnam.","authors":"Sung-Hyun Moon, Taek Geun Lee, Young-Seung Ko, Dae Sung Yoo, Yeonsu Oh, Ho-Seong Cho","doi":"10.1007/s11262-026-02221-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11262-026-02221-2","url":null,"abstract":"Ungulate tetraparvovirus 1 (UTPV1), or bovine hokovirus, has been described in cattle but remains poorly characterized in Southeast Asia. In this study, we report the first detection and genomic characterization of UTPV1 in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) from Vietnam. Skin swab samples were collected from a buffalo with nodular lesions in northern Vietnam in 2024, and total nucleic acids were subjected to metagenomic sequencing. Analysis of Illumina MiSeq reads revealed the presence of both lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) and UTPV1. The near-complete UTPV1 genome (NIVR-B12-2024) shared 90.7-93.3% nucleotide identity with reference strains but did not cluster with genotypes I or II, instead forming a distinct lineage. Phylogenetic analyses supported its independent position, and recombination detection indicated potential genetic exchange between Asian and South American strains. Several amino acid substitutions were identified in the NS1 protein, suggesting ongoing viral diversification. This study provides the first molecular evidence of UTPV1 in water buffalo and in Vietnam, expanding the recognized host range and geographic distribution of this virus. The findings highlight the value of non-invasive sampling and metagenomic sequencing for livestock surveillance and underscore the need for continued monitoring to evaluate the epidemiological significance and potential health risks of UTPV1 in Southeast Asia.","PeriodicalId":51212,"journal":{"name":"Virus Genes","volume":" ","pages":"212-220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146144533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genotype-resolved NS5 stability predicts Japanese encephalitis virus fitness. 基因型解决NS5稳定性预测日本脑炎病毒适应性

IF 2 4区医学

Virus Genes Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-23 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-026-02213-2

Hariprasad Thippeswamy, Varsha Ramesh, Kuralayanapalya Puttahonnappa Suresh, Jagadish Hiremath, Navnath Kamble, Azhahianambi Palavesam, Pinaki Prasad Sengupta

{"title":"Genotype-resolved NS5 stability predicts Japanese encephalitis virus fitness.","authors":"Hariprasad Thippeswamy, Varsha Ramesh, Kuralayanapalya Puttahonnappa Suresh, Jagadish Hiremath, Navnath Kamble, Azhahianambi Palavesam, Pinaki Prasad Sengupta","doi":"10.1007/s11262-026-02213-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11262-026-02213-2","url":null,"abstract":"Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) remains a major health threat across Asia, yet the contribution of genotype-specific variation in the multifunctional NS5 protein to viral fitness is not fully resolved. This study evaluated how sequence differences among JEV genotypes G1-G5 shape NS5 stability and, in turn, replication potential. A unified in-silico workflow combined physicochemical profiling, residue-level substitution mapping, and atomistic molecular dynamics to compare structural stability and conformational behavior across genotypes, with a focus on substitutions predicted to modulate enzymatic performance. Analyses revealed that G5 NS5 maintains a balanced electrostatic environment and persistent hydrogen-bonding networks, yielding greater structural stability than other genotypes. In contrast, G4 NS5 presented a charge imbalance and reduced stability. Simulations consistently supported the robustness of G5 dynamics, with specific substitutions, including Y65, M59, E182, and T191, contributing to improved packing, favorable local interactions, and putative gains in catalytic efficiency. These molecular attributes align with heightened replication capacity and provide a mechanistic rationale for the recent prominence of G5 strains relative to G1-G4. Comprising together, our results demonstrate that genotype-linked substitutions in NS5 directly influence protein stability, replication efficiency, and adaptive potential. Translationally, prioritizing G5-informed NS5 features may guide the design of small-molecule inhibitors and vaccine antigens with broader protective value.","PeriodicalId":51212,"journal":{"name":"Virus Genes","volume":" ","pages":"233-243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147272817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0