Vitamins and Hormones最新文献_第4页

MicroRNA regulation of adrenal glucocorticoid and androgen biosynthesis. 肾上腺糖皮质激素和雄激素生物合成的微RNA调控。

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2023.06.006

Salman Azhar, Wen-Jun Shen, Zhigang Hu, Fredric B Kraemer

{"title":"MicroRNA regulation of adrenal glucocorticoid and androgen biosynthesis.","authors":"Salman Azhar, Wen-Jun Shen, Zhigang Hu, Fredric B Kraemer","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"Steroid hormones are derived from a common precursor molecule, cholesterol, and regulate a wide range of physiologic function including reproduction, salt balance, maintenance of secondary sexual characteristics, response to stress, neuronal function, and various metabolic processes. Among the steroids synthesized by the adrenal and gonadal tissues, adrenal mineralocorticoids, and glucocorticoids are essential for life. The process of steroidogenesis is regulated at multiple levels largely by transcriptional, posttranscriptional, translational, and posttranslational regulation of the steroidogenic enzymes (i.e., cytochrome P450s and hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases), cellular compartmentalization of the steroidogenic enzymes, and cholesterol processing and transport proteins. In recent years, small noncoding RNAs, termed microRNAs (miRNAs) have been recognized as major post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression with essential roles in numerous biological processes and disease pathologies. Although their role in the regulation of steroidogenesis is still emerging, several recent studies have contributed significantly to our understanding of the role miRNAs play in the regulation of the steroidogenic process. This chapter focuses on the recent developments in miRNA regulation of adrenal glucocorticoid and androgen production in humans and rodents.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"124 ","pages":"1-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MicroRNAs in aldosterone production and action. 醛固酮分泌和作用中的微小核糖核酸

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2023.07.001

Scott M MacKenzie, Lara A Birch, Stelios Lamprou, Parisa Rezvanisanijouybari, May Fayad, Maria-Christina Zennaro, Eleanor Davies

{"title":"MicroRNAs in aldosterone production and action.","authors":"Scott M MacKenzie, Lara A Birch, Stelios Lamprou, Parisa Rezvanisanijouybari, May Fayad, Maria-Christina Zennaro, Eleanor Davies","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"Aldosterone is a cardiovascular hormone with a key role in blood pressure regulation, among other processes, mediated through its targeting of the mineralocorticoid receptor in the renal tubule and selected other tissues. Its secretion from the adrenal gland is a highly controlled process subject to regulatory influence from the renin-angiotensin system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. MicroRNAs are small endogenous non-coding RNA molecules capable of regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally through stimulation of mRNA degradation or suppression of translation. Several studies have now identified that microRNA levels are changed in cases of aldosterone dysregulation and that microRNAs are capable of regulating the expression of various genes involved in aldosterone production and action. In this article we summarise the major studies concerning this topic. We also discuss the potential role for circulating microRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for primary aldosteronism, a highly treatable form of secondary hypertension, which would be highly desirable given the current underdiagnosis of this condition.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"124 ","pages":"137-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A circadian clock regulates the blood-brain barrier across phylogeny. 昼夜节律钟跨越系统发育调节血脑屏障。

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2024.04.004

Ashley Avila, Shirley L Zhang

{"title":"A circadian clock regulates the blood-brain barrier across phylogeny.","authors":"Ashley Avila, Shirley L Zhang","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2024.04.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.vh.2024.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"As the central regulatory system of an organism, the brain is responsible for overseeing a wide variety of physiological processes essential for an organism's survival. To maintain the environment necessary for neurons to function, the brain requires highly selective uptake and elimination of specific molecules through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). As an organism's activities vary throughout the day, how does the BBB adapt to meet the changing needs of the brain? A mechanism is through temporal regulation of BBB permeability via its circadian clock, which will be the focal point of this chapter. To comprehend the circadian clock's role within the BBB, we will first examine the anatomy of the BBB and the transport mechanisms enabling it to fulfill its role as a restrictive barrier. Next, we will define the circadian clock, and the discussion will encompass an introduction to circadian rhythms, the Transcription-Translation Feedback Loop (TTFL) as the mechanistic basis of circadian timekeeping, and the organization of tissue clocks found in organisms. Then, we will cover the role of the circadian rhythms in regulating the cellular mechanisms and functions of the BBB. We discuss the implications of this regulation in influencing sleep behavior, the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, and finally drug delivery for treatment of neurological diseases.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"126 ","pages":"241-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141728264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A cholesterol-centric outlook on steroidogenesis. 以胆固醇为中心的类固醇生成观。

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2023.05.006

Simarjit Kaur Sidhu, Suresh Mishra

{"title":"A cholesterol-centric outlook on steroidogenesis.","authors":"Simarjit Kaur Sidhu, Suresh Mishra","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"Cholesterol, an essential and versatile lipid, is the precursor substrate for the biosynthesis of steroid hormones, and a key structural and functional component of organelle membranes in eukaryotic cells. Consequently, the framework of steroidogenesis across main steroidogenic cell types is built around cholesterol, including its cellular uptake, mobilization from intracellular storage, and finally, its transport to the mitochondria where steroidogenesis begins. This setup, which is controlled by different trophic hormones in their respective target tissues, allows steroidogenic cells to meet their steroidogenic need of cholesterol effectively without impinging on the basic need for organelle membranes and their functions. However, our understanding of the basal steroidogenesis (i.e., independent of trophic hormone stimulation), which is a cell-intrinsic trait, remains poor. Particularly, the role that cholesterol itself plays in the regulation of steroidogenic factors and events in steroid hormone-producing cells remains largely unexplored. This is likely because of challenges in selectively targeting the steroidogenic intracellular cholesterol pool in studies. New evidence suggests that cholesterol plays a role in steroidogenesis. These new findings have created new opportunities to advance our understanding in this field. In this book chapter, we will provide a cholesterol-centric view on steroidogenesis and emphasize the importance of the interplay between cholesterol and the mitochondria in steroidogenic cells. Moreover, we will discuss a novel mitochondrial player, prohibitin-1, in this context. The overall goal is to provide a stimulating perspective on cholesterol as an important regulator of steroidogenesis (i.e., more than just a substrate for steroid hormones) and present the mitochondria as a potential cell-intrinsic factor in regulating steroidogenic cholesterol homeostasis.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"124 ","pages":"405-428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adaptive remodeling of the stimulus-secretion coupling: Lessons from the 'stressed' adrenal medulla. 刺激-分泌耦合的适应性重塑：受压 "肾上腺髓质的启示

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-08 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2023.05.004

Nathalie C Guérineau

{"title":"Adaptive remodeling of the stimulus-secretion coupling: Lessons from the 'stressed' adrenal medulla.","authors":"Nathalie C Guérineau","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"Stress is part of our daily lives and good health in the modern world is offset by unhealthy lifestyle factors, including the deleterious consequences of stress and associated pathologies. Repeated and/or prolonged stress may disrupt the body homeostasis and thus threatens our lives. Adaptive processes that allow the organism to adapt to new environmental conditions and maintain its homeostasis are therefore crucial. The adrenal glands are major endocrine/neuroendocrine organs involved in the adaptive response of the body facing stressful situations. Upon stress episodes and in response to activation of the sympathetic nervous system, the first adrenal cells to be activated are the neuroendocrine chromaffin cells located in the medullary tissue of the adrenal gland. By releasing catecholamines (mainly epinephrine and to a lesser extent norepinephrine), adrenal chromaffin cells actively contribute to the development of adaptive mechanisms, in particular targeting the cardiovascular system and leading to appropriate adjustments of blood pressure and heart rate, as well as energy metabolism. Specifically, this chapter covers the current knowledge as to how the adrenal medullary tissue remodels in response to stress episodes, with special attention paid to chromaffin cell stimulus-secretion coupling. Adrenal stimulus-secretion coupling encompasses various elements taking place at both the molecular/cellular and tissular levels. Here, I focus on stress-driven changes in catecholamine biosynthesis, chromaffin cell excitability, synaptic neurotransmission and gap junctional communication. These signaling pathways undergo a collective and finely-tuned remodeling, contributing to appropriate catecholamine secretion and maintenance of body homeostasis in response to stress.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"124 ","pages":"221-295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The changes in adrenal developmental programming and homeostasis in offspring induced by glucocorticoids exposure during pregnancy. 孕期糖皮质激素暴露对后代肾上腺发育程序和稳态的影响

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2023.09.001

Yawen Chen, Hui Wang

{"title":"The changes in adrenal developmental programming and homeostasis in offspring induced by glucocorticoids exposure during pregnancy.","authors":"Yawen Chen, Hui Wang","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"Clinically, synthetic glucocorticoids are often used to treat maternal and fetal related diseases, such as preterm birth and autoimmune diseases. Although its clinical efficacy is positive, it will expose the fetus to exogenous glucocorticoids. Adverse environments during pregnancy (e.g., exogenous glucocorticoids exposure, malnutrition, infection, hypoxia, and stress) can lead to fetal overexposure to endogenous maternal glucocorticoids. Basal glucocorticoids levels in utero are crucial in determining fetal tissue maturation and its postnatal fate. As the synthesis and secretion organ of glucocorticoids, the adrenal development is crucial for the growth and development of the body. Studies have found that glucocorticoids exposure during pregnancy could cause abnormal fetal adrenal development, which could last after birth or even adulthood. As the key organ of fetal-originated adult disease, the adrenal developmental programming has a profound impact on the health of offspring, which can lead to many chronic diseases in adulthood. However, the aberrant adrenal development in offspring caused by glucocorticoids exposure during pregnancy and its intrauterine programming mechanism have not been systematically clarified. Therefore, this review summarizes recent research progress on the short and long-term hazards of aberrant adrenal development induced by glucocorticoids exposure during pregnancy, which is of great significance for the analysis of aberrant adrenal development and clarify the intrauterine origin mechanism of fetal-originated adult disease.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"124 ","pages":"463-490"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antioxidant and antibrowning properties of Maillard reaction products in food and biological systems. 食品和生物系统中 Maillard 反应产物的抗氧化和抗褐变特性。

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2024.01.001

Majid Nooshkam, Mehdi Varidi

{"title":"Antioxidant and antibrowning properties of Maillard reaction products in food and biological systems.","authors":"Majid Nooshkam, Mehdi Varidi","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2024.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.vh.2024.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"Oxidative damage refers to the harm caused to biological systems by reactive oxygen species such as free radicals. This damage can contribute to a range of diseases and aging processes in organisms. Moreover, oxidative deterioration of lipids is a serious problem because it reduces the shelf life of food products, degrades their nutritional value, and produces reaction products that could be toxic. Antioxidants are effective compounds for preventing lipid oxidation, and synthetic antioxidants are frequently added to foods due to their high effectiveness and low cost. However, the safety of these antioxidants is a subject that is being discussed in the public more and more. Synthetic antioxidants have been found to have potential negative effects on health due to their ability to accumulate in tissues and disrupt natural antioxidant systems. During thermal processing and storage, foods containing reducing sugars and amino compounds frequently produce Maillard reaction products (MRPs). Through the chelation of metal ions, scavenging of reactive oxygen species, destruction of hydrogen peroxide, and suppression of radical chain reaction, MRPs exhibit excellent antioxidant properties in a variety of food products and biological systems. Also, the capacity of MRPs to chelate metals makes them as a potential inhibitor of the enzymatic browning in fruits and vegetables. In this book chapter, the methods used for the evaluation of antioxidant activity of MRPs are provided. Moreover, the antioxidant and antibrowning activities of MRPs in food and biological systems is discussed. MRPs can generally be isolated and used as commercial preparations of natural antioxidants.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"125 ","pages":"367-399"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141602137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Functional interaction of Clock genes and bone morphogenetic proteins in the adrenal cortex. 肾上腺皮质中时钟基因和骨形态发生蛋白的功能相互作用

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2023.05.002

Yoshiaki Soejima, Koichiro Yamamoto, Yasuhiro Nakano, Atsuhito Suyama, Nahoko Iwata, Fumio Otsuka

{"title":"Functional interaction of Clock genes and bone morphogenetic proteins in the adrenal cortex.","authors":"Yoshiaki Soejima, Koichiro Yamamoto, Yasuhiro Nakano, Atsuhito Suyama, Nahoko Iwata, Fumio Otsuka","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) system in the adrenal cortex plays modulatory roles in the control of adrenocortical steroidogenesis. BMP-6 enhances aldosterone production by modulating angiotensin (Ang) II-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, whereas activin regulates the adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-cAMP cascade in adrenocortical cells. A peripheral clock system in the adrenal cortex was discovered and it has been shown to have functional roles in the adjustment of adrenocortical steroidogenesis by interacting with the BMP system. It was found that follistatin, a binding protein of activin, increased Clock mRNA levels, indicating an endogenous function of activin in the regulation of Clock mRNA expression. Elucidation of the interrelationships among the circadian clock system, the BMP system and adrenocortical steroidogenesis regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis would lead to an understanding of the pathophysiology of adrenal disorders and metabolic disorders and the establishment of better medical treatment from the viewpoint of pharmacokinetics.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"124 ","pages":"429-447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gene therapy targeting the blood-brain barrier. 针对血脑屏障的基因疗法。

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-12 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2024.03.001

Jakob Körbelin, Adriana Arrulo, Markus Schwaninger

{"title":"Gene therapy targeting the blood-brain barrier.","authors":"Jakob Körbelin, Adriana Arrulo, Markus Schwaninger","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.vh.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"Endothelial cells are the building blocks of vessels in the central nervous system (CNS) and form the blood-brain barrier (BBB). An intact BBB limits permeation of large hydrophilic molecules into the CNS. Thus, the healthy BBB is a major obstacle for the treatment of CNS disorders with antibodies, recombinant proteins or viral vectors. Several strategies have been devised to overcome the barrier. A key principle often consists in attaching the therapeutic compound to a ligand of receptors expressed on the BBB, for example, the transferrin receptor (TfR). The fusion molecule will bind to TfR on the luminal side of brain endothelial cells, pass the endothelial layer by transcytosis and be delivered to the brain parenchyma. However, attempts to endow therapeutic compounds with the ability to cross the BBB can be difficult to implement. An alternative and possibly more straight-forward approach is to produce therapeutic proteins in the endothelial cells that form the barrier. These cells are accessible from blood circulation and have a large interface with the brain parenchyma. They may be an ideal production site for therapeutic protein and afford direct supply to the CNS.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"126 ","pages":"191-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141728221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neurotoxic effects of metals on blood brain barrier impairment and possible therapeutic approaches. 金属对脑血屏障损伤的神经毒性效应及可能的治疗方法。

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2024.04.003

Saba Mehak Zahoor, Sara Ishaq, Touqeer Ahmed

{"title":"Neurotoxic effects of metals on blood brain barrier impairment and possible therapeutic approaches.","authors":"Saba Mehak Zahoor, Sara Ishaq, Touqeer Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2024.04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.vh.2024.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"Exposure to neurotoxic and heavy metals (Pb2+, As3+, Mn2+, Cd2+, etc) has increased over time and has shown to negatively affect brain health. Heavy metals can cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) in various ways including receptor or carrier-mediated transport, passive diffusion, or transport via gaps in the endothelial cells of the brain. In high concentrations, these metals have been shown to cause structural and functional impairment to the BBB, by inducing oxidative stress, ion dyshomeostasis, tight junction (TJ) loss, astrocyte/pericyte damage and interference of gap junctions. The structural and functional impairment of the BBB results in increased BBB permeability, which ultimately leads to accumulation of these heavy metals in the brain and their subsequent toxicity. As a result of these effects, heavy metals are correlated with various neurological disorders. The pathological effects of these heavy metals can be effectively mitigated via chelation. In addition, it is possible to treat the associated disorders by counteracting the molecular mechanisms associated with the brain and BBB impairment.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"126 ","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141728224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0