Vitamins and Hormones最新文献_第10页

Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome, septic adrenal apoplexy. 沃特豪斯-弗里德里希森综合征，化脓性肾上腺骤停。

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2023.06.001

Rishikesh Rijal, Kamal Kandel, Barun Babu Aryal, Ankush Asija, Dhan Bahadur Shrestha, Yub Raj Sedhai

引用次数: 0

3D organization of the rat adrenal medulla. 大鼠肾上腺髓质的三维组织结构

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2023.06.003

K G Kemoklidze, N A Tyumina

{"title":"3D organization of the rat adrenal medulla.","authors":"K G Kemoklidze, N A Tyumina","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"Without knowledge of the spatial [three-dimensional, (3D)] organization of an organ at the tissue and cellular levels, it is impossible to form a complete picture of its structure and function. At the same time, tissue components hidden in the thickness of the organ are the most difficult to study. The rapid development of computer technologies has contributed both to the development and implementation of new methods for studying 3D microstructures of organs, and the improvement of classical ones but the most complete picture can still be obtained only by recreating 3D models from serial histological sections. This fully applies to the important, but hidden in the thickness of the organ, and difficult to study 3D organization of the adrenal medulla. Only 3D reconstruction from serial sections makes it possible to identify all the main tissue components of the adrenal medulla simultaneously and with good resolution. Of particular importance to this method is the ability to reliably differentiate and study separately the 3D organization of the two main subpopulations of medulla endocrinocytes: adrenaline-storing (A-) cells and noradrenaline-storing (NA-) cells. In this chapter, we discuss the 3D organization of the adrenal medulla based on these original serial section 3D reconstructions and correlating them with data obtained by other methods.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"124 ","pages":"367-392"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structural changes in hemoglobin and glycation. 血红蛋白的结构变化和糖化。

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2024.02.001

Amanda Luise Alves Nascimento, Ari Souza Guimarães, Tauane Dos Santos Rocha, Marilia Oliveira Fonseca Goulart, Jadriane de Almeida Xavier, Josué Carinhanha Caldas Santos

{"title":"Structural changes in hemoglobin and glycation.","authors":"Amanda Luise Alves Nascimento, Ari Souza Guimarães, Tauane Dos Santos Rocha, Marilia Oliveira Fonseca Goulart, Jadriane de Almeida Xavier, Josué Carinhanha Caldas Santos","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2024.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.vh.2024.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"Hemoglobin (Hb) is a hemeprotein found inside erythrocytes and is crucial in transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide in our bodies. In erythrocytes (Ery), the main energy source is glucose metabolized through glycolysis. However, a fraction of Hb can undergo glycation, in which a free amine group from the protein spontaneously binds to the carbonyl of glucose in the bloodstream, resulting in the formation of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), widely used as a marker for diabetes. Glycation leads to structural and conformational changes, compromising the function of proteins, and is intensified in the event of hyperglycemia. The main changes in Hb include structural alterations to the heme group, compromising its main function (oxygen transport). In addition, amyloid aggregates can form, which are strongly related to diabetic complications and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, this chapter discusses in vitro protocols for producing glycated Hb, as well as the main techniques and biophysical assays used to assess changes in the protein's structure before and after the glycation process. This more complete understanding of the effects of glycation on Hb is fundamental for understanding the complications associated with hyperglycemia and for developing more effective prevention and treatment strategies.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"125 ","pages":"183-229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141602088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attenuation of albumin glycation and oxidative stress by minerals and vitamins: An in vitro perspective of dual-purpose therapy. 矿物质和维生素减轻白蛋白糖化和氧化应激：双重疗法的体外视角。

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2023.12.003

Ashwini Dinkar Jagdale, Rahul Shivaji Patil, Rashmi Santosh Tupe

{"title":"Attenuation of albumin glycation and oxidative stress by minerals and vitamins: An in vitro perspective of dual-purpose therapy.","authors":"Ashwini Dinkar Jagdale, Rahul Shivaji Patil, Rashmi Santosh Tupe","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"Nonenzymatic glycation of proteins is accelerated in the context of elevated blood sugar levels in diabetes. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies are strongly linked to the onset and progression of diabetes. The antiglycation ability of various water- and fat-soluble vitamins, along with trace minerals like molybdenum (Mo), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), chromium, etc., have been screened using Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as in vitro model. BSA was incubated with methylglyoxal (MGO) at 37 °C for 48 h, along with minerals and vitamins separately, along with controls and aminoguanidine (AG) as a standard to compare the efficacy of the minerals and vitamins. Further, their effects on renal cells' (HEK-293) antioxidant potential were examined. Antiglycation potential is measured by monitoring protein glycation markers, structural and functional modifications. Some minerals, Mo, Mn, and Mg, demonstrated comparable inhibition of protein-bound carbonyl content and ß-amyloid aggregation at maximal physiological concentrations. Mo and Mg protected the thiol group and free amino acids and preserved the antioxidant potential. Vitamin E, D, B1 and B3 revealed significant glycation inhibition and improved antioxidant potential in HEK-293 cells as assessed by estimating lipid peroxidation, SOD and glyoxalase activity. These results emphasize the glycation inhibitory potential of vitamins and minerals, indicating the use of these micronutrients in the prospect of the therapeutic outlook for diabetes management.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"125 ","pages":"231-250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141602138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Roles of astrocytic sonic hedgehog production and its signal for regulation of the blood-brain barrier permeability. 星形胶质细胞产生的声刺猬及其信号在调节血脑屏障通透性方面的作用

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2024.04.006

Shotaro Michinaga, Shigeru Hishinuma, Yutaka Koyama

{"title":"Roles of astrocytic sonic hedgehog production and its signal for regulation of the blood-brain barrier permeability.","authors":"Shotaro Michinaga, Shigeru Hishinuma, Yutaka Koyama","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2024.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.vh.2024.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is a secreted glycopeptide belonging to the hedgehog family that is essential for morphogenesis during embryonic development. The Shh signal is mediated by two membrane proteins, Patched-1 (Ptch-1) and Smoothened (Smo), following the activation of transcription factors such as Gli. Shh decreases the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and plays a key role in its function. In the damaged brain, BBB function is remarkably disrupted. The BBB disruption causes brain edema and neuroinflammation resulting from the extravasation of serum components and the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the cerebral parenchyma. Multiple studies have suggested that astrocyte is a source of Shh and that astrocytic Shh production is increased in the damaged brain. In various experimental animal models of acute brain injury, Shh or Shh signal activators alleviate BBB disruption by increasing tight junction proteins in endothelial cells. Furthermore, activation of astrocytic Shh signaling reduces reactive astrogliosis, neuroinflammation, and increases the production of vascular protective factors, which alleviates BBB disruption in the damaged brain. These findings suggest that astrocytic Shh and Shh signaling protect BBB function in the damaged brain and that target drugs for Shh signaling are expected to be novel therapeutic drugs for acute brain injuries.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"126 ","pages":"97-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141728225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Current insight into the transient X-zone in the adrenal gland cortex. 目前对肾上腺皮质瞬时 X 区的认识。

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2023.05.003

Yuan Kang, Karly Laprocina, Huifei Sophia Zheng, Chen-Che Jeff Huang

{"title":"Current insight into the transient X-zone in the adrenal gland cortex.","authors":"Yuan Kang, Karly Laprocina, Huifei Sophia Zheng, Chen-Che Jeff Huang","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"Mouse models have been widely used in the study of adrenal gland development and diseases. The X-zone is a unique structure of the mouse adrenal gland and lineage-tracing studies show that the X-zone is a remnant of the fetal adrenal cortex. Although the X-zone is considered analogous to the fetal zone in the human adrenal cortex, the functional significance of the X-zone has remained comparatively more obscure. The X-zone forms during the early postnatal stages of adrenal development and regresses later in a remarkable sexually dimorphic fashion. The formation and regression of the X-zone can be different in mice with different genetic backgrounds. Mouse models with gene mutations, hormone/chemical treatments, and/or gonadectomy can also display an aberrant development of the X-zone or alternatively a dysregulated X-zone regression. These models have shed light on the molecular mechanisms regulating the development and regression of these unique adrenocortical cells. This review paper briefly describes the development of the adrenal gland including the formation and regression processes of the X-zone. It also summarizes and lists mouse models that demonstrate different X-zone phenotypes.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"124 ","pages":"297-339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11023618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regulation of lipid droplets and cholesterol metabolism in adrenal cortical cells. 肾上腺皮质细胞中脂滴和胆固醇代谢的调节。

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-11 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2023.06.007

Knut Tomas Dalen, Yuchuan Li

{"title":"Regulation of lipid droplets and cholesterol metabolism in adrenal cortical cells.","authors":"Knut Tomas Dalen, Yuchuan Li","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"The adrenal gland is composed of two distinctly different endocrine moieties. The interior medulla consists of neuroendocrine chromaffin cells that secrete catecholamines like adrenaline and noradrenaline, while the exterior cortex consists of steroidogenic cortical cells that produce steroid hormones, such as mineralocorticoids (aldosterone), glucocorticoids (cortisone and cortisol) and androgens. Synthesis of steroid hormones in cortical cells requires substantial amounts of cholesterol, which is the common precursor for steroidogenesis. Cortical cells may acquire cholesterol from de novo synthesis and uptake from circulating low- and high-density lipoprotein particles (LDL and HDL). As cholesterol is part of the plasma membrane in all mammalian cells and an important regulator of membrane fluidity, cellular levels of free cholesterol are tightly regulated. To ensure a robust supply of cholesterol for steroidogenesis and to avoid cholesterol toxicity, cortical cells store large amounts of cholesterol as cholesteryl esters in intracellular lipid droplets. Cortical steroidogenesis relies on both mobilization of cholesterol from lipid droplets and constant uptake of circulating cholesterol to replenish lipid droplet stores. This chapter will describe mechanisms involved in cholesterol uptake, cholesteryl ester synthesis, lipid droplet formation, hydrolysis of stored cholesteryl esters, as well as their impact on steroidogenesis. Additionally, animal models and human diseases characterized by altered cortical cholesteryl ester storage, with or without abnormal steroidogenesis, will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"124 ","pages":"79-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Serotonin and the serotonin transporter in the adrenal gland. 肾上腺中的羟色胺和羟色胺转运体。

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-18 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2023.06.002

Mary Beth Bauer, Kevin P M Currie

{"title":"Serotonin and the serotonin transporter in the adrenal gland.","authors":"Mary Beth Bauer, Kevin P M Currie","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"The adrenal glands are key components of the mammalian endocrine system, helping maintain physiological homeostasis and the coordinated response to stress. Each adrenal gland has two morphologically and functionally distinct regions, the outer cortex and inner medulla. The cortex is organized into three concentric zones which secrete steroid hormones, including aldosterone and cortisol. Neural crest-derived chromaffin cells in the medulla are innervated by preganglionic sympathetic neurons and secrete catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine) and neuropeptides into the bloodstream, thereby functioning as the neuroendocrine arm of the sympathetic nervous system. In this article we review serotonin (5-HT) and the serotonin transporter (SERT; SLC6A4) in the adrenal gland. In the adrenal cortex, 5-HT, primarily sourced from resident mast cells, acts as a paracrine signal to stimulate aldosterone and cortisol secretion through 5-HT4/5-HT7 receptors. Medullary chromaffin cells contain a small amount of 5-HT due to SERT-mediated uptake and express 5-HT1A receptors which inhibit secretion. The atypical mechanism of the 5-HT1A receptors and interaction with SERT fine tune this autocrine pathway to control stress-evoked catecholamine secretion. Receptor-independent signaling by SERT/intracellular 5-HT modulates the amount and kinetics of transmitter release from single vesicle fusion events. SERT might also influence stress-evoked upregulation of tyrosine hydroxylase transcription. Transient signaling via 5-HT3 receptors during embryonic development can limit the number of chromaffin cells found in the mature adrenal gland. Together, this emerging evidence suggests that the adrenal medulla is a peripheral hub for serotonergic control of the sympathoadrenal stress response.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"124 ","pages":"39-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11217909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beta-caryophyllene in psychiatric and neurological diseases: Role of blood-brain barrier. β-茶碱在精神和神经疾病中的作用：血脑屏障的作用

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2024.02.004

Michele Pereira Mallmann, Mauro Schneider Oliveira

引用次数: 0

Breath of fresh air: Investigating the link between AGEs, sRAGE, and lung diseases. 呼吸新鲜空气研究 AGEs、sRAGE 与肺部疾病之间的联系。

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-30 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2024.01.003

Charlotte Delrue, Reinhart Speeckaert, Joris R Delanghe, Marijn M Speeckaert

{"title":"Breath of fresh air: Investigating the link between AGEs, sRAGE, and lung diseases.","authors":"Charlotte Delrue, Reinhart Speeckaert, Joris R Delanghe, Marijn M Speeckaert","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2024.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.vh.2024.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are compounds formed via non-enzymatic reactions between reducing sugars and amino acids or proteins. AGEs can accumulate in various tissues and organs and have been implicated in the development and progression of various diseases, including lung diseases. The receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a receptor that can bind to advanced AGEs and induce several cellular processes such as inflammation and oxidative stress. Several studies have shown that both AGEs and RAGE play a role in the pathogenesis of lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, and acute lung injury. Moreover, the soluble form of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) has demonstrated its ability to function as a decoy receptor, possessing beneficial characteristics such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-fibrotic properties. These qualities make it an encouraging focus for therapeutic intervention in managing pulmonary disorders. This review highlights the current understanding of the roles of AGEs and (s)RAGE in pulmonary diseases and their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for preventing and treating these pathologies.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"125 ","pages":"311-365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141602139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0