Current Problems in Cardiology最新文献

{"title":"NRF2-mediated anti-ferroptotic pathways in diabetic cardiomyopathy: Mechanistic insights, therapeutic advances, and challenges in cardiovascular protection","authors":"Shahid Ullah Khan Phd ,&nbsp;Mustafa H. Halawi ,&nbsp;Mazen Almehmadi ,&nbsp;Essam H. Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Ramadan Taha ,&nbsp;Khalid M. Alsyaad ,&nbsp;Ahmed Ezzat Ahmed ,&nbsp;Amin A. Al-Doaiss ,&nbsp;William Thornbury","doi":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2025.103251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2025.103251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) remains a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, yet its underlying mechanisms extend beyond hyperglycemia-induced metabolic stress. Emerging evidence identifies ferroptosis, a regulated, iron-dependent lipid peroxidation process, as a central driver of diabetic myocardial injury. This review synthesizes molecular insights demonstrating how chronic hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction create a uniquely ferroptosis-prone cardiac environment. Particular emphasis is placed on the NRF2 signaling network, which orchestrates antioxidant defense through the HO-1 pathway and the SLC7A11-GSH-GPX4 axis. Diabetic impairment of AMPK/AKT-dependent NRF2 activation compromises these protective systems, accelerating lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial damage, inflammation, and cardiomyocyte death. We further evaluate emerging pharmacologic and natural NRF2 activators, including sulforaphane, curcumin, dexmedetomidine, canagliflozin, and 6-gingerol, demonstrating consistent cardioprotective, anti-ferroptotic benefits in preclinical models. Despite encouraging progress, concerns regarding long-term NRF2 overstimulation, metabolic reprogramming, and oncogenic risk underscore the need for carefully optimized therapeutic strategies. By integrating mechanistic advances with translational challenges, this review highlights NRF2-ferroptosis modulation as a promising frontier for targeted DCM therapy and future precision cardiology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51006,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cardiology","volume":"51 4","pages":"Article 103251"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145800291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National burden and future projections of hypertensive heart disease in China: a GBD 2021 analysis","authors":"Rui Wu ,&nbsp;Xinlian Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2026.103273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2026.103273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hypertensive heart disease (HHD) remains a critical public health challenge, with increasing prevalence globally, especially in China. Research indicates that the HHD in Chin remain underexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Epidemiological data were sourced from the GBD 2021. Joinpoint analysis and decomposition analysis, have been applied to investigate the evolving patterns of the disease. Additionally, frontier analysis was utilized to estimate potential reductions in the burden of disease based on the sociodemographic index (SDI) across different stages, whereas autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models were employed to project the disease burden.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In 2021, there were 3,912,158 prevalent cases of HHD in China, with 328,119 deaths cases and 5,589,287 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Analysis of the trends from 1990 to 2021 revealed increases in the number of prevalence, mortality, and DALYs. The contributions of age, period, and cohort to the disease burden varied. Frontier analysis indicated that although the Chinese SDI has improved, the disease burden trends remain inconsistent, with considerable room for reducing the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR). ARIMA projections suggest that while the ASPR will continue to rise, the age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) will decline over the next three decades.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study highlights the increasing burden of HHD in China, which is largely influenced by aging and population growth. The projected trends indicate a further rise in the ASPR, stressing the need for focused interventions in prevention and early diagnosis and increasing access to healthcare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51006,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cardiology","volume":"51 4","pages":"Article 103273"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146031638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel electrocardiographic criteria to determine the electrical position of the heart in baseline rhythm and in Post-TAVR left bundle branch block","authors":"Rogelio Robledo-Nolasco M.D. ,&nbsp;Elias Noel Andrade-Cuellar M.D. ,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Solis-Gómez M.D, M.Sc. ,&nbsp;Saul Yair Guillot-Castillo M.D. ,&nbsp;Jose Javier Ik Yahalcab Zamora-Diaz M.D., M.Sc. ,&nbsp;Ivan Alejandro Elizalde-Uribe M.D. ,&nbsp;Rocio Aceves-Millan M.D. ,&nbsp;Andrea Paulina Maldonado-Tenesaca M.D. ,&nbsp;Maria Alejandra Monroy-Jimenez M.D. ,&nbsp;Kevin Josué Acevedo-Gómez M.D. ,&nbsp;Freddy Javier Medina-Santos M.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2026.103271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2026.103271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Left bundle branch block (LBBB) is a frequent complication after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), altering ventricular activation and challenging ECG interpretation. This study sought to establish novel electrocardiographic criteria to define the electrical position of the heart (EPH) before and after LBBB post-TAVR.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this single-center, retrospective study, 439 TAVR patients (2018–2023) were screened; 74 developed new LBBB. Patients with pre- and post-TAVR ECGs, without pacemaker, infiltrative disease, or baseline conduction disorders, were included. ECGs were analyzed for QRS duration, electrical axes (AQRS, AT), and patterns of concordance/discordance in leads II/III and aVL/aVF. EPH was categorized as intermediate (IEP), horizontal (HEP), or vertical (VEP) by AQRS. Morphology in leads I, aVL, V5, and V6 was also assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 74 patients with LBBB, 36 (48.6%) had IEP, 32 (43.2%) HEP, and 6 (8.1%) VEP. In patients without LBBB, AQRS averaged 50°±15° in IEP and –10°±20° in HEP (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001). With LBBB, AQRS shifted to –20°±25° in IEP and –60°±30° in HEP (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001). Positive concordance in II/III and aVL/aVF identified IEP, whereas positive discordance indicated HEP. In LBBB, negative concordance in II/III with positive discordance in aVL/aVF defined HEP, while positive discordance in II/III with positive concordance in aVL/aVF characterized IEP.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Novel ECG criteria enable reliable classification of cardiac electrical position in both baseline and post-TAVR LBBB. Leftward axis deviation with LBBB often reflects intrinsic EPH rather than new pathology, enhancing interpretation and clinical decision-making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51006,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cardiology","volume":"51 4","pages":"Article 103271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145999671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epitranscriptomic regulation in cardiovascula disease: mechanistic roles and clinical implications of m6A RNA methylation in cardiac pathophysiology","authors":"Shahid Ullah Khan ,&nbsp;Mustafa H. Halawi ,&nbsp;Mazen Almehmadi ,&nbsp;Essam H. Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Ramadan Taha ,&nbsp;Ahmed Ezzat Ahmed ,&nbsp;Esmael M. Alyami ,&nbsp;Nuruliarizki Shinta Pandupuspitasari ,&nbsp;Endang Widiastuti ,&nbsp;Munir Ullah Khan ,&nbsp;Jonathan P. Harrington ,&nbsp;Tahir Ullah khan","doi":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2025.103253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2025.103253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation has emerged as a pivotal epitranscriptomic regulator influencing cardiovascular development, homeostasis, and disease progression. As the most abundant internal modification in eukaryotic mRNA, m6A dynamically modulates RNA stability, translation, splicing, and degradation through the coordinated actions of “writers,” “readers,” and “erasers.” Recent advances demonstrate that dysregulated m6A modifications contribute to major cardiovascular disorders, including cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, arrhythmias, atherosclerosis, ischemia reperfusion injury, and cardiomyopathy. METTL3-mediated hypermethylation promotes pathological hypertrophy, autophagy imbalance, and ischemic injury. In contrast, demethylases such as FTO and ALKBH5 exert cardioprotective effects by preserving contractile function, enhancing angiogenesis, and regulating key transcripts involved in Ca²⁺ cycling, autophagy, and metabolism. m6A-dependent control of noncoding RNAs further amplifies its impact on inflammatory signaling, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular remodeling. The involvement of m6A in glucose metabolism, hypoxia responses, and vascular smooth muscle phenotypic transitions highlights its broad relevance across cardiovascular risk factors. As detection technologies advance, m6A profiling shows promise as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target. Understanding epitranscriptomic regulation may unlock innovative treatment strategies and reshape the future of cardiovascular medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51006,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cardiology","volume":"51 4","pages":"Article 103253"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145806377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vascular surgery research 2001–2024: Growth, key contributors, and global inequities","authors":"Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab ,&nbsp;Manal Mohamed Elhassan Taha ,&nbsp;Abdullah Farasani ,&nbsp;Jobran M Moshi ,&nbsp;Khaled A. Sahli ,&nbsp;Marwa Qadri ,&nbsp;Amani Khardali ,&nbsp;Mohammed Jeraiby ,&nbsp;Abdulaziz Alarifi ,&nbsp;Amani E. Alharbi ,&nbsp;Waseem Hassan","doi":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2026.103275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2026.103275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This bibliometric analysis examines global vascular surgery research (2001–2024) from 64 Scopus-indexed journals. 69,487 publications were identified. The annual publications increased from 1,885 in 2001 to 4,252 in 2024, representing a 125.6% growth.</div><div>Research output was concentrated in a core group of journals, led by Journal of Vascular Surgery (8,914 publications), Annals of Vascular Surgery (7,206), and Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology (7,121), underscoring their central role in shaping the field.</div><div>Authorship was highly centralized, with 13 leading authors producing ≥150 publications each. The most prolific contributors were Moll, F.L. (262), Gloviczki, P. (210), and Schermerhorn, M.L. (189). Major institutional contributors included Harvard Medical School (1,520 publications), Mayo Clinic (1,010), and Massachusetts General Hospital (980). Research funding was primarily provided by public agencies, led by the National Institutes of Health (4,014 publications), the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (3,698), and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (3,009), whereas industry support was comparatively limited.</div><div>At the geographic level, the United States dominated global research with 29,422 publications, followed by Europe (27,205) and Asia (9,086), while Latin America (2,215), Australia/New Zealand (1,795), the Middle East (1,094), and Africa (456) remained underrepresented.</div><div>Overall, vascular surgery research has experienced substantial global growth; however, it remains highly centralized in terms of journals, authors, institutions, and funding. Persistent regional disparities highlight the need for targeted investment, capacity building, and international collaborations to promote equitable research participation and foster worldwide advancement in vascular surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51006,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cardiology","volume":"51 4","pages":"Article 103275"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146031605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urinary chlorine at hospital admission as a predictor of diuretic resistance and clinical evolution in acute heart failure","authors":"Cristhian E. Scatularo MD, MTSAC ,&nbsp;Gardenia L Chango Acurio MD ,&nbsp;Luciano Battioni MD, MTSAC ,&nbsp;Analía Guazzone MD ,&nbsp;Hugo O. Grancelli MD, MTSAC","doi":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2026.103262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2026.103262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The natriuresis measurement is useful to diagnose diuretic resistance (DR) and adjust furosemide doses in acute heart failure (AHF) hospitalized patients, but the utility of urinary chloride is unknown.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To correlate the urine chloride at admission (UCLA) in AHF patients with the development of DR and cardiovascular (CV) events at the 180-day outpatient follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>A prospective study included patients hospitalized for AHF, without shock, creatinine &gt;2.5 mg/dL or mechanical respiratory support at admission. They received 40 mg of intravenous furosemide at admission, UCLA was measured, and diuretic treatment was based on a protocol. DR was defined as the requirement for furosemide ≥240 mg/day, sequential nephron diuretic blocked (SNB), hypertonic saline serum, or renal replacement therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>116 patients were included, 51% were men, UCLA was 105 meq/L, and DR was developed in 17% of patients. The UCLA was associated with the development of DR (p 0.0001; AUC ROC curve 0.81; cut-off point 96 meq/L). UCLA &lt;96 meq/L was associated with persistent congestion (p 0.01), furosemide ≥240 mg/day use (p 0.004), worsening of AHF (p 0.002) and renal function (p 0.02), use of SNB (p 0.001) and inotropic drugs (p 0.007), a longer hospital stay (p 0.02) and a higher CV death (p 0.05). At 180-day follow-up, UCLA &lt;96 meq/L was associated with AHF readmissions (p 0.002).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In AHF hospitalized patients, low UCLA was associated with DR, persistent congestion, need for more aggressive decongestion strategies, worse in-hospital clinical outcomes and more AHF hospitalizations at 6 months.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51006,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cardiology","volume":"51 4","pages":"Article 103262"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145985892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronary artery calcium clinical utilization: An update","authors":"Ibrahim Mortada MD, MS ,&nbsp;Esosa Odigie-Okon MD, MSc ,&nbsp;Afaq Motiwala MD ,&nbsp;Joseph Allencherril MD ,&nbsp;Abdul Qadeer MBBS ,&nbsp;Diann Gaalema PhD ,&nbsp;Amer Abdulla MD ,&nbsp;Thomas Blackwell MD ,&nbsp;Hani Jneid MD","doi":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2026.103258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2026.103258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a well-established marker of atherosclerotic burden, and its quantification provides an objective measure of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis that can refine cardiovascular risk stratification and guide decisions regarding risk factor modification and lipid-lowering therapies. There is extensive data supporting the role of CAC scoring as an adjunct risk refinement tool, and it has been incorporated into multiple primary prevention guidelines. In addition to the Agatston method, CAC can also be quantified using non-gated computed tomography (CT) scans which are simple and widely available from non-cardiac screening strategies, including those obtained routinely for lung cancer screening. The integration of artificial intelligence and automated CAC assessment in non-gated studies is further expanding its application for risk stratification to a much larger population. This review summarizes the current tools, evidence and guidelines supporting the use of CAC to help risk stratify, optimize lipid lowering therapy, and potentially improve patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51006,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cardiology","volume":"51 4","pages":"Article 103258"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145957877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular impact of neglected tropical diseases and their emergence in Europe due to new immigration patterns","authors":"Shayan Raeisi Dehkordi ,&nbsp;Isabella Tso ,&nbsp;Shyla Gupta ,&nbsp;Andres Felipe Miranda Arboleda MD ,&nbsp;Juan Farina ,&nbsp;Norberto Bornancini ,&nbsp;Amin Meghdadi ,&nbsp;Diego Xavier Chango Azanza ,&nbsp;Kiera Liblik ,&nbsp;Sebastian García-Zamora ,&nbsp;Adrian Baranchuk MD, FACC, FRCPC, FCCS, FSIAC F-ISHNE","doi":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2026.103270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2026.103270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) are a group of infectious conditions primarily affecting tropical and subtropical geographies, where the climate supports the spread of these pathogens. While traditionally uncommon in Europe, rising migration from endemic areas has led to an increasing presence of these diseases across the continent. Immigration patterns from various parts of the world were analyzed by referencing the Eurostat database. The four regions with the most significant inflow of immigrants were identified, and the NTDs in each of these areas were determined. These regions include Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East. This paper examines the cardiovascular manifestations of NTDs now emerging in Europe and highlights the diagnostic challenges they pose to the healthcare system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51006,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cardiology","volume":"51 4","pages":"Article 103270"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145999595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social vulnerability and mortality attributable to non-optimal temperature in the United States: A county-level ecological analysis","authors":"Pedro Rafael Vieira de Oliveira Salerno MD ,&nbsp;Ricardo J. Estrada-Mendizabal MD ,&nbsp;Zhuo Chen PhD ,&nbsp;Jean-Eudes Dazard PhD ,&nbsp;Khurram Nasir MD ,&nbsp;Weeberb Requia PhD ,&nbsp;Robert D. Brook MD ,&nbsp;Sanjay Rajagopalan MD ,&nbsp;Sadeer Al-Kindi MD ,&nbsp;Salil V Deo MD","doi":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2026.103260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2026.103260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To quantify county-level mortality attributable to non-optimal temperature in the United States and examine whether social vulnerability modifies this relationship.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Ecological time-series analysis from 2000–2020.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed 1,514 counties representing 91.2% of the 2010 U.S. adult population (ages 25–84), including 33,395,241 deaths (after imputation: 33,421,054) which were linked to monthly mean temperature. A two-stage modeling framework was used. First, quasi-Poisson models with natural cubic splines estimated county-specific non-linear temperature–mortality associations, with population offsets and spline-based control for seasonality. Second, coefficients and variances were pooled using random-effects multivariate meta-analysis to identify the minimum mortality temperature (MMT) and percentile (MMP). Effect modification was assessed by incorporating Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) quartiles into a multivariate meta-regression. Attributable deaths were estimated using 5,000 Monte Carlo draws and classified as heat-related (above MMT) or cold-related (below MMT); crude rates were expressed per 100,000 person-years.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The pooled MMT was 22.7 °C (95% CI: 22.2–23.2), corresponding to the 78.4th percentile (95% CI: 76.1–80.8). Nationally, an estimated 72,361 (95% CI: 68,837–76,153) cold-attributable and 6,129 (95% CI: 5,309–7,227) heat-attributable deaths occurred annually, equivalent to 40.1 and 3.4 per 100,000 person-years. More socially vulnerable counties had higher MMTs [SVI Q4: 23.9 °C vs Q1: 21.0 °C] and higher heat- (2.0 vs 0.7) and cold-related mortality rates (40.9 vs 28.0).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Cold accounted for most temperature-related deaths in the U.S., and social vulnerability intensified both cold- and heat-related mortality. These findings support geographically targeted, vulnerability-responsive public health strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51006,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cardiology","volume":"51 4","pages":"Article 103260"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145967577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the relationship between different intensities of physical activity and pulse wave velocity in adults: an epidemiological study","authors":"Maria Eduarda M. Vigilato ,&nbsp;Eduardo R. de Victo ,&nbsp;William R. Tebar ,&nbsp;Stefany C.B. Silva ,&nbsp;Isabella I. Sampaio ,&nbsp;Lucas A. Benetello ,&nbsp;Gerson Ferrari ,&nbsp;Luiz Carlos M. Vanderlei ,&nbsp;Diego G.D. Christofaro","doi":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2026.103259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2026.103259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Arterial stiffness, reflected by pulse wave velocity (PWV), is an important cardiovascular risk marker. Physical activity (PA) may reduce arterial stiffness, but the most beneficial intensity remains unclear. The objective this study was to analyze the relationship between different intensities of PA and arterial stiffness in adults and to verify whether these relationships are independent of sex, age, and socioeconomic status.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 185 participants (104 women) were included in this study. Arterial stiffness was assessed using PWV, measured by a non-invasive oscillometric device (Arteriograph AOP). Three consecutive measurements were performed (with one-minute intervals), and the device provided the final PWV value. PA intensity (light, moderate, and vigorous) was objectively measured using an ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer. The associations between PWV and PA intensities were examined using Pearson’s correlation and linear regression models, with the crude model and subsequently adding sex, age, and socioeconomic status, to estimate the magnitude of these associations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>An inverse relationship was found between PWV and vigorous-intensity PA in the unadjusted model (β = –0.007; 95 % CI: –0.011, –0.002; p = 0.006). This association remained significant after adjustment for sex (β = –0.006; 95 % CI: –0.010, –0.001; p = 0.010), but lost significance after additional adjustment for age (β = –0.001; 95 % CI: –0.004, 0.001; p = 0.323). No associations were observed between PWV and light or moderate PA.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PWV was inversely associated with vigorous-intensity PA; however, but age appears to exert a strong influence on this relationship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51006,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cardiology","volume":"51 4","pages":"Article 103259"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}