Current Problems in Cardiology最新文献

{"title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction and calcium homeostasis in heart failure: Exploring the interplay between oxidative stress and cardiac remodeling for future therapeutic innovations.","authors":"Emily Johnson, Jameela Shukri Albakri, Khaled S Allemailem, Abdulaziz Sultan, Wanian M Alwanian, Faris Alrumaihi, Nahlah Makki Almansour, Fahad M Aldakheel, Fatma Mohamed Ameen Khalil, Alduwish Manal Abduallah, Oliver Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102968","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart failure (HF) is a multifaceted clinical syndrome characterized by the heart's inability to pump sufficient blood to meet the body's metabolic demands. It arises from various etiologies, including myocardial injury, hypertension, and valvular heart disease. A critical aspect of HF pathophysiology involves mitochondrial dysfunction, particularly concerning calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis and oxidative stress. This review highlights the pivotal role of excess mitochondrial Ca2+ in exacerbating oxidative stress, contributing significantly to HF progression. Novel insights are provided regarding the mechanisms by which mitochondrial Ca2+ overload leads to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and impaired cellular function. Despite this understanding, key gaps in research remain, particularly in elucidating the complex interplay between mitochondrial dynamics and oxidative stress across different HF phenotypes. Furthermore, therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction are still in their infancy, with limited applications in clinical practice. By summarizing recent findings and identifying these critical research gaps, this review aims to pave the way for innovative therapeutic approaches that improve the management of heart failure, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes through targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":51006,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"102968"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142803277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospital mortality due to infective endocarditis: Analysis of risk factors in a developing country.","authors":"Vinícius Gustavo Bobrovski, Matheus de Oliveira Prestes, Alisson Luis Pinheiro, Ezequiel Zacarkim, Airton Kist, Elise Souza Dos Santos Reis","doi":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Infective endocarditis (IE) is a disease with high mortality that, in recent decades, has experienced changes in its epidemiology, pathogenesis, and microbiology. Therefore, understanding its landscape and risk factors for mortality is essential.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, etiological, and echocardiographic profile of patients hospitalized with IE and to determine predictors for in-hospital mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective observational study that analyzed medical records of patients hospitalized for IE in a tertiary center from 2007 to 2023. Patients with a definitive diagnosis of IE according to the Duke criteria were included, while those without a definitive diagnosis, those transferred from other facilities, and minors were excluded. Univariate logistic regression was performed to assess the effect of each variable on in-hospital mortality, with a p-value considered significant if below 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 49 patients were included, most of whom were male (67.4%) with a mean age of 55.5 years. The main etiological agent was Staphylococcus spp. (56.66%), and the mitral valve was the most affected (60.86%). Stroke occurred in 28.57% of patients, and the in-hospital mortality rate was 36.7%. Identified predictors included prior stroke (p=0.017), stroke during hospitalization (p=0.015), and length of hospital stay (p=0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IE leads to high mortality, with prior stroke, stroke during hospitalization, and length of hospital stay identified as predictors of in-hospital mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":51006,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"102965"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142803275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking obesity care in the United States: Lessons from the cardiovascular disease - Cardiac rehabilitation model.","authors":"Ross Arena, Nicolaas P Pronk","doi":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence of obesity in the United States (U.S.), in conjunction with the myriad of detrimental health consequences associated with this disease, justifiably warrants deep concern and characterization as a national health crisis of epidemic proportions. The healthcare journey of patients suffering from and seeking treatment for obesity is, in many ways, more complex than other conditions - weight sigma, leads to negative attitudes, stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination. A patient seeking care for obesity is often faced with having to prove their condition is not the cause of a behavioral abnormality and that their current state can be modified by lifestyle modifications, such as diet and exercise. At the same time, the infrastructure and reimbursement for lifestyle management is woefully insufficient in the current U.S. healthcare system, a system built upon disease management through pharmacotherapy and surgical options. Obesity care is evolving rapidly, and a treatment paradigm shift is needed. The magnitude and severity of the obesity epidemic demands it. Any alternative care model to be proposed should be readily scalable, sustainable, and have a strong, established, scientific foundation. Herein, we propose adopting and adapting the CVD care approach to patients diagnosed with obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":51006,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"102966"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142803279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role and mechanism of TXNDC5 in cardio-oncology: Killing two birds with one stone?","authors":"Na An, Xiaoyu Zhang, Hongyuan Lin, Qianqian Xu, Qianqian Dai, YiFan Kong, Songjie Han, Xiao Li, Xinyu Yang, Yanwei Xing, Hongcai Shang","doi":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102951","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardio-oncology has emerged as a new translational and clinical field owing to the growing repertory of cancer therapy. To date, there is a lack of effective pharmacological therapy to target cardiotoxicity. Cardio-oncology, which began by investigating the negative effects of cancer medicines on cardiovascular system, has since grown to include research into the similarities between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer. Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 5 (TXNDC5) belongs to the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family. Many diseases, including CVD and cancer, improperly express TXNDC5. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the expression patterns of TXNDC5 in diseases. It outlines the processes via which TXNDC5 contributes to the advancement of malignant diseases such as CVD and cancer. Additionally, it summarizes prospective therapeutic approaches that can be used to target TXNDC5 for the treatment of these diseases. This will offer novel perspectives for enhancing anticancer therapy and advancing cardio-oncology research and drug development.</p>","PeriodicalId":51006,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"102951"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular outcomes of patients with atrial fibrillation and concomitant cardiac amyloidosis undergoing percutaneous catheter ablation.","authors":"Garba Rimamskep Shamaki, Siva Neppala, Sinda Hidri, Priya Hotwani, Mohammed Aldabagh, Sundal Aziz, Prakash Upreti, Amith Seri, Dilesha Dilangi Kumanayaka, Ebenezer Oloyede, Yasar Sattar","doi":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102953","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atrial fibrillation has been linked with poor outcomes in patients with cardiac amyloidosis. We evaluate the in-hospital outcomes of patients with atrial fibrillation and concomitant cardiac amyloidosis with and without catheter ablation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The National Inpatient Sample databases (2016 to 2021) were queried to identify patients admitted with atrial fibrillation and concomitant cardiac amyloidosis using ICD 10 codes. The study population aged >18 years was divided into two cohorts; ablation (AB) vs. no ablation (NAB). Multivariate logistic regression model adjusting for baseline characteristics and comorbidities. The primary outcome was all-cause in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were acute heart failure, cardiogenic shock, ventricular fibrillation, major bleeding, stroke, length of stay, and hospitalization cost.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>73,160 patients were identified. 595(0.8 %) underwent ablation and 72,656 (99.2 %) did not. Both NAB and AB patients were predominantly white (69.6 % and 60.3 %) respectively. AB patients were younger with median age [74 years (IQR 66-80) vs. 78 years (IQR 71-84), p < 0.01], compared with NAB patients. AB patients were more likely to have heart failure (76.5 % vs. 65.3 %, p = 0.04), and have a family history of CAD (11.1 % vs. 4.8 %, p = 0.03). Contrarily, NAB patients were more likely to have dementia (11.5 % vs. 2.5 %, p = 0.01). After adjusting for baseline characteristics and comorbidity, there was no difference in all-cause mortality (OR 0.3, CI 0.08-1.35, p = 0.12), stroke (OR 1.1, CI 0.4-2.8, p = 0.87), or major bleeding (OR 1.4, CI 0.7-2.6, p = 0.37). Undergoing ablation was associated with higher odds of acute heart failure (OR 1.9, CI 1.1-3.3, p<0.01). After adjusting for inflation using the consumer price index, adjusted total cost of hospitalization was for higher AB patients was compared to NAB patients ($41,499.22 vs. $13,085.11) with a significantly longer length of stay among AB patients (7 days vs. 5days, p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Atrial fibrillation and concomitant cardiac amyloidosis in patients undergoing catheter ablation are associated with an increased risk of acute heart failure, higher cost, and a longer length of stay.</p>","PeriodicalId":51006,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"102953"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142781851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative approaches to atrial fibrillation prevention and management: Leveraging gut health for improved cardiovascular outcomes in the aging population.","authors":"Emma Grace Williams, Mohammed Alissa, Mahdi H Alsugoor, Ghadah Shukri Albakri, Ali A Altamimi, Abdulmajeed Abdulaziz Alabdullateef, Nahlah Makki Almansour, Fahad M Aldakheel, Salem Alessa, Michael Marber","doi":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102952","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent clinical arrhythmia associated with a high incidence and severe complications such as cerebral embolism and heart failure. While the etiology and pathogenesis of AF involve numerous factors, recent research emphasizes the significant role of intestinal microbiota imbalance in the emergence and progression of AF, particularly among older adults. This review investigates the mechanisms by which intestinal flora and their metabolites contribute to the onset of AF in the elderly, highlighting novel interactions between gut health and cardiac function. Current literature often overlooks these critical connections, indicating a substantial research gap in understanding how dysbiosis may exacerbate AF and hinder recovery. Furthermore, exploring the bidirectional relationship between the gut microbiome and systemic inflammation in the context of AF provides a unique perspective that has yet to be thoroughly investigated. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies assessing gut microbiota composition and function in AF patients and consider probiotics or prebiotics as potential adjunctive therapies for mitigating AF. This comprehensive approach may pave the way for innovative treatments integrating cardiology with gastroenterology, enhancing patient outcomes through a holistic understanding of health.</p>","PeriodicalId":51006,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"102952"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stratifying clinically relevant risk factors for acute ischemic stroke and cerebrovascular events in chagas disease: A systematic review and meta-Analysis.","authors":"Ocílio Ribeiro Gonçalves, Saul Dominici, Júlia Dos Santos Monteiro, Elizabet Taylor Pimenta Weba, Anthony Hong, Ana Beatriz Santos, Maria Tereza Camarotti, Niels Pacheco, João Victor Araújo de Oliveira, Arlindo Bispo da Silva Junior, Márcio Yuri Ferreira, Kelson James Almeida","doi":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chagas Disease (CD) poses significant health risks, including an increased incidence of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, the specific risk factors for AIS in CD patients are not well-defined. This meta-analysis aims to identify clinically relevant risk factors for AIS in individuals with CD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library up to August 2024. Primary outcomes evaluated in AIS patients with CD included reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), anticoagulation therapy, atrial fibrillation (AF), left ventricular apical aneurysm (LVAA), pacemaker use, and coronary artery disease (CAD). Risk ratios (RRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six studies were included, involving 1,229 patients (48% male). The analysis revealed a higher risk of AIS in CD patients with reduced LVEF (RR 3.38; 95% CI 1.38 - 8.27), AF (OR 4.85; 95% CI 2.13 - 11.02), LVAA (OR 3.76; 95% CI 1.96 - 7.21), and pacemaker use (OR 2.37; 95% CI 1.38 - 4.09). Anticoagulation therapy was associated with a reduced likelihood of stroke (OR 0.28; 95% CI 0.19 - 0.41). No significant association was found between CAD and stroke risk (OR 1.56; 95% CI 0.93 - 2.59).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Reduced LVEF, AF, LVAA, and pacemaker use are correlated with higher stroke incidence in CD patients, while anticoagulation therapy diminishes this risk. Further randomized studies are needed to refine AIS prevention strategies for this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":51006,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"102950"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An insight regarding the article ‘Predictors and rate of survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.’","authors":"Jinfeng Li MD,&nbsp;Lei Bao MD,&nbsp;Mengyue Gu MD,&nbsp;Mengmei Wang MD,&nbsp;Hui Zhong MBBS","doi":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches have led to a remarkable reduction in the morbidity and mortality rates associated with a variety of diseases. In the context of acute ischemic heart disease, significant milestones have been achieved, beginning with the establishment of cardiac ICUs. These were pivotal in providing specialized care for patients with severe heart conditions. Subsequent to this development, methods to restore blood flow in areas compromised by arterial blockages were introduced. Initially, systemic thrombolysis was the primary method used, but it has since been largely supplanted by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), also known as primary coronary angioplasty, which is now the preferred treatment due to its effectiveness and safety. The incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) where resuscitation attempts have been made, whether successful or not, is significant and presents a considerable challenge. Unfortunately, the mortality rate among these patients remains distressingly high, and efforts to reduce it are fraught with difficulty. It is crucial to acknowledge that survival from an OHCA does not automatically equate to a favorable clinical outcome, as serious neurological impairments are common sequelae of such events. In addition to mortality rates, the term \"survival with favorable neurologic outcome\" has emerged as another critical measure of the success of resuscitation efforts. This parameter underscores the importance of not only saving lives but also preserving the quality of life for survivors. The ability to restore both life and cognitive function is a testament to the comprehensiveness of care provided to OHCA patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51006,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cardiology","volume":"50 2","pages":"Article 102946"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information for Readers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0146-2806(24)00575-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0146-2806(24)00575-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51006,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cardiology","volume":"50 1","pages":"Article 102940"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142723077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Title Page","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0146-2806(24)00574-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0146-2806(24)00574-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51006,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cardiology","volume":"50 1","pages":"Article 102939"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142723073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}