Clinical Biomechanics最新文献

{"title":"Acute effects of ankle exosuit on biomechanics, muscle activity, and energy cost of walking in adolescents with unilateral cerebral palsy","authors":"Maxwell Thurston ,&nbsp;Harri Piitulainen ,&nbsp;Ivan Vujaklija ,&nbsp;Janne Avela ,&nbsp;Juha-Pekka Kulmala","doi":"10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the potential of an assistive ankle exosuit to acutely augment clinically relevant walking parameters in adolescents with Cerebral Palsy (CP).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Ten exosuit-naïve adolescents with unilateral CP (11–16 years old) walked on a treadmill without the exosuit (baseline), and with the exosuit (ReWalk ReStore®) providing unilateral dorsiflexion and plantarflexion assistance to their more-affected ankle. Five participants also walked with their regular orthosis. Energy cost of transport, kinematics and kinetics, and electromyography of Tibialis Anterior and Gastrocnemius Medialis muscles were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>The exosuit increased ankle dorsiflexion during swing-phase, alleviating drop-foot on the more-affected side observed during baseline walking. Peak ankle moment was increased with the exosuit. While participants' orthoses restricted plantarflexion during push-off, the exosuit enabled more-typical push-off plantarflexion motion. There were no significant changes in energy cost or muscle activity with the exosuit.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>The exosuit facilitated heel-toe ankle kinematics of the more-affected leg during gait, preventing drop-foot, while preserving plantarflexion during push-off. The exosuit slightly increased plantarflexor torque, however this did not translate to increased positive power from the more-affected ankle during gait. Lack of changes in muscle activity or energy cost indicate an inability of exosuit assistance to acutely alter these parameters on initial use of the device. These results display potential of an assistive exosuit to immediately augment ankle kinematics, but also underline limitations of the exosuit to acutely alter other clinical outcomes important for lasting gait changes, namely muscle activity and energy consumption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50992,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Biomechanics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 106665"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"External torque application during assessment of syndesmotic ankle lesions: A systematic review","authors":"Axel Degrande ,&nbsp;Louise Wittouck ,&nbsp;Pieter D'Hooghe ,&nbsp;Matthias Peiffer ,&nbsp;Thomas Tampere ,&nbsp;Sam Van der Jeught ,&nbsp;Arne Burssens ,&nbsp;Amélie Chevalier","doi":"10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Syndesmotic ankle injuries, particularly those involving the distal tibiofibular joint, are challenging to diagnose due to subtle clinical presentation and complex ankle biomechanics. Both clinical and biomechanical studies struggle with accurately assessing the severity and extent of these injuries. External torque has recently shown promise in enhancing the detection and assessment of syndesmotic injuries, especially in weight-bearing computed tomography (WBCT). This study explores the impact of external torque on the assessment of syndesmotic ankle lesions in clinical versus biomechanical studies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42024535265). Inclusion criteria were biomechanical studies on lower limbs with intact and sectioned syndesmosis; clinical studies comparing injured ankles to healthy contralateral ones; and studies applying torque or weight-bearing to injured ankles. Exclusion criteria consisted of reviews, meta-analyses, studies on syndesmosis repair, acute injuries involving fractures, and studies lacking measurements.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria, including eight biomechanical and three clinical studies.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>While biomechanical evidence provides a solid foundation, its translation into clinical practice requires further validation. The importance of assessment of the ankle syndesmosis under torque has been demonstrated, and the application of external torque shows promising results. Multiple studies indicate that applying an external torque between 4.5 and 7.5 [Nm] is sufficient to distinguish between intact and sectioned syndesmotic injuries. However, the need for a standardized diagnostic tool has yet to be established.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50992,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Biomechanics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 106662"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145027733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wearable monitoring for rehabilitation: Deep learning-driven vertical ground reaction force estimation for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction","authors":"Tianxiao Chen ,&nbsp;Datao Xu ,&nbsp;Meizi Wang ,&nbsp;Zhifeng Zhou ,&nbsp;Tianle Jie ,&nbsp;Huiyu Zhou ,&nbsp;Yi Yuan ,&nbsp;Julien S. Baker ,&nbsp;Zixiang Gao ,&nbsp;Yaodong Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) can restore knee stability, yet many patients fail to regain pre-injury function or develop secondary injuries. Vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) reflects joint loading and recovery but is typically measured via lab-based force plates, limiting real-world use. Wearable sensors and deep learning could enable portable monitoring, but current studies lack accuracy in complex movements and patient-specific adaptations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Lower-limb kinematics and vGRF data from 25 ACLR patients during three daily activities (walking, running, descending stairs) was collected by wearable sensors and Vicon system. Three deep learning models were developed and optimized for the prediction tasks. The collected data was used to train the three developed models and the performance of each model was evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Among the three deep learning models, CNN-BiGRU-Attention model demonstrated the best predictive performance across all three movement tasks (R²_{<em>walking</em>} = 0.953 ± 0.006, R²_{<em>running</em>} = 0.971 ± 0.005, R²_{<em>descending stairs</em>} = 0.979 ± 0.003). Additionally, for the three selected daily activities, all models showed superior vGRF prediction performance in running and stair descending tasks compared to walking.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>By integrating data from wearable sensors with a hybrid deep learning framework, the proposed CNN-BiGRU-Attention model successfully achieved accurate estimation of vGRFs of ACLR patients in various movements. This provides a key technical reference for optimizing personalized rehabilitation strategies and improving patient outcomes, demonstrating significant clinical application value and social benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50992,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Biomechanics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 106663"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physeal-sparing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in an early adolescent porcine model provides better anterior stability but similar tissue function compared to a juvenile porcine model","authors":"Kaan Gurbuz ,&nbsp;Yukun Zhang ,&nbsp;Logan Opperman ,&nbsp;Jeffrey T. Spang ,&nbsp;Matthew B. Fisher","doi":"10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pediatric anterior cruciate ligament injuries have increased over the past two decades. Surgical reconstruction is often necessary to restore joint stability and prevent secondary injuries. Physeal-sparing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is commonly used in prepubertal patients to minimize the risk of growth disturbances. However, this technique has also been used for adolescents. The effect of age on joint stability and tissue function following physeal-sparing reconstruction remains unclear. This study aimed to compare initial biomechanical outcomes of physeal-sparing reconstruction within juvenile and early adolescent porcine joints.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twelve porcine hindlimbs (<em>n</em> = 6 per age group) were tested using a robotic testing system. Anterior-posterior loading, compression loading, and varus-valgus torque were applied to the tibia in the intact, anterior cruciate ligament transected, and anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed states at 40° and 60° of flexion. Soft tissue forces were calculated by the principle of superposition.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Physeal-sparing reconstruction in early adolescent joints resulted in superior anterior stability under anterior tibial loading and compression compared to juvenile joints, especially when normalized for joint size. Medial collateral ligament distraction and medial meniscus compression contributions showed smaller changes following reconstruction in the early adolescent group at 60° of flexion. Other joint kinematics and tissue forces were similar between groups.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>These findings suggest that skeletal maturity influences joint stability following physeal-sparing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, supporting its viability for both younger and early adolescent patients. This study provides biomechanical insights into surgical treatments for young patients and underscores the importance of using age-specific models to evaluate pediatric surgical techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50992,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Biomechanics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 106667"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145061190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knee joint kinematics during the swing phase of patients who experienced a stroke: Comparison of high-speed and low-speed walkers","authors":"Hiroo Koshisaki ,&nbsp;Shigeo Tanabe ,&nbsp;Shota Nagai ,&nbsp;Kenji Kawakami ,&nbsp;Hiroaki Sakurai","doi":"10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Most studies of knee joint motion during gait in patients who experienced a stroke have focused on comparisons with healthy individuals. However, comparisons of patients with varying gait abilities have not been adequately performed. This study compared the kinematic parameters of the bilateral knee joints of patients who experienced a stroke. These patients were divided into those with fast gait speed and those with slow gait speed to determine any differences in motion.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty patients who experienced a stroke were included in this study. The fast and slow gait speed groups both comprised 10 patients. Knee joint-related parameters were the timing and flexion angle at the start of the swing phase on both sides and timing and flexion angle at the peak knee joint flexion angle. The difference between timing during both phases and the difference between the knee joint flexion angle during both phases were calculated.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Significant differences in the timing and angle at the start of the swing phase, peak timing, and peak angle of the fast and slow groups were observed on the affected side (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Significant differences in the timing of the start of the swing phase, peak timing and difference between timing of the fast and slow groups were observed on the unaffected side (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>Clear differences in the kinematic characteristics of the knee joints on the affected and unaffected sides were observed in both groups. These valuable insights regarding knee joint motion may improve the gait speed of such patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50992,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Biomechanics","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 106654"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144904130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porcine tendons as surrogates for human semitendinosus tendons – A biomechanical study","authors":"Salim Youssef ,&nbsp;Benjamin Fischer ,&nbsp;Garen-Ohan Gregorian ,&nbsp;Toni Wendler ,&nbsp;Philipp Rolzhäuser ,&nbsp;Ahmad Hamedy ,&nbsp;Pierre Hepp ,&nbsp;Stefan Schleifenbaum ,&nbsp;Peter Melcher ,&nbsp;Yasmin Youssef ,&nbsp;Jan Theopold","doi":"10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Porcine tendons are frequently used as surrogates for human semitendinosus tendons in biomechanical studies, yet their comparability remains unexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study evaluates and compares the morphological and biomechanical properties of different porcine tendons (foreleg-extensors (<em>n</em> = 10), foreleg-flexors (n = 10), hindleg-extensors (n = 10) and hindleg-flexors (n = 10)) with those of human semitendinosus tendons (<em>n</em> = 13). Tendon length and cross-sectional area were measured, and maximum load, tensile strength, stiffness, and elastic modulus were determined using uniaxial testing. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's post hoc test.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Human semitendinosus tendons (26.59 cm, 18.98 mm²) exhibited the highest tensile strength (38.64 MPa) and an elastic modulus of 518.27 MPa. Porcine foreleg-extensors had comparable cross-sectional area (14.99 mm²), tensile strength (32.26 MPa), and elastic modulus (550.96 MPa) but were shorter (23.08 cm). Hindleg-flexors showed a similar length (25.81 cm) and elastic modulus (610.19 MPa) but lower tensile strength (28.13 MPa) and a substantially larger cross-sectional area (71.91 mm²). Hindleg-extensors were shorter (22.62 cm) with smaller cross-sectional area (11.20 mm²) but exhibited tensile strength (38.82 MPa) and elastic modulus (668.83 MPa) similar to those of the human tendons. Foreleg-flexors were shortest (17.07 cm), with the largest cross-sectional area (112.74 mm²), lowest tensile strength (18.82 MPa), and elastic modulus (155.70 MPa).</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>Despite differences in morphology, the material properties of tendons were largely consistent. Foreleg-extensors were identified as the most suitable semitendinosus surrogates due to their comparable material and morphological properties. Due to their distinct morphology, foreleg-flexors tendons are least suitable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50992,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Biomechanics","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 106655"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144890709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of standard of care and pressure-based 3D-printed custom accommodative insoles on static balance in individuals with diabetes: A pilot study","authors":"Mathew Sunil Varre ,&nbsp;Kimberly A. Nickerson ,&nbsp;Brittney C. Muir","doi":"10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Individuals with diabetes are often prescribed standard of care accommodative insoles to provide extra cushioning and prevent ulcers. Our pressure-based 3D printed custom accommodative insoles have proven effective in reducing plantar pressure in individuals with diabetes. Given that older adults with diabetes have exacerbated balance deficits due to neuropathy, it is essential to examine the impact of these custom accommodative insoles on postural balance in individuals with diabetes. Therefore, the purpose is to examine the effects of custom accommodative insoles on balance during quiet standing in individuals with diabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Standard of care and pressure-based 3D printed custom accommodative insoles were designed from foot impressions obtained from ten participants with diabetes. Postural balance was assessed during quiet standing for three conditions: no insole, standard of care, and pressure-based 3D printed custom accommodative insoles. Center of pressure measures were computed for all three conditions, and differences between the three insole conditions were evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>There were no significant differences in the center of pressure measures across the insole conditions. Use of standard of care and pressure-based 3D printed custom accommodative insoles did not negatively affect the postural balance during quiet standing compared to the no insole condition.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>This pilot study provides useful information on how the custom accommodative insoles used to prevent ulcers in individuals with diabetes affect postural balance. Static postural balance is not adversely impacted with the use of custom accommodative insoles in individuals with diabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50992,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Biomechanics","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 106653"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144887178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between various loads and apoptosis in medial platform chondrocytes in knee varus deformity","authors":"Hongjie Zhang ,&nbsp;Zehua Jiang ,&nbsp;Ziyang Liu ,&nbsp;Zhixiong Hong ,&nbsp;Mengqiang Tian ,&nbsp;Rusen Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study aimed to systematically investigate how different degrees of mechanical loading caused by varying varus angles affect stress distribution and chondrocyte apoptosis in the medial tibial plateau of the knee joint. Specifically, it integrates finite-element analysis to simulate biomechanical stress patterns and evaluates the molecular responses (Piezo1, Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 expressions) to elucidate the mechanobiological interplay contributing to cartilage degeneration.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Four knee models with varus angles (6°, 9°, 12°, and 15°) were constructed from computed tomography images. Finite-element analysis was used to evaluate stress distribution and von Mises stress peaks on the medial tibial platform cartilage. Material properties of biological tissues were included. Clinical samples of corresponding varus angles were analyzed for Piezo1, Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 expression using immunofluorescence and histochemistry.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>The von Mises stress peak contact area of the medial tibial plateau cartilage significantly decreased with increasing varus deformity (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), and Piezo1 expression increased with stress load. Elevated Piezo1 expression was associated with significantly higher levels of Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>Pathological mechanical loading accelerates chondrocyte apoptosis via the endogenous apoptotic pathway, promoting the progression of knee osteoarthritis. These findings highlight Piezo1 as a potential therapeutic target for managing stress-induced cartilage degeneration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50992,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Biomechanics","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 106651"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144908250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tibial tray stability in three cementless total knee arthroplasty systems","authors":"John Kyle Mueller ,&nbsp;Charles Lawrie ,&nbsp;Charlie Parduhn ,&nbsp;Jeff Bischoff ,&nbsp;Eik Siggelkow ,&nbsp;Cory Trischler ,&nbsp;Marc Bandi","doi":"10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Initial stability of cementless total knee arthroplasty tibial trays is necessary for bony ingrowth. The purpose of this study was to characterize the patterns and magnitudes of displacement of three implant systems during physiological loading in terms of tibial tray movement and 3D micromotion.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Physiological loading (walking and stair descent) from a representative subject was robotically applied to cementless tibial trays implanted in foam tibia models. Three commercially available total knee arthroplasty systems with cementless tibial trays with keels and peripheral pegs from two different manufacturers were tested including symmetric, asymmetric and anatomically shaped tibial trays. Relative displacement between the foam tibia model and tibial tray in response to loading was measured at ten peripheral locations using an optical measurement system.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>All systems showed inferior movement of the posterior tibial tray in response to posterior located tibiofemoral loading, and superior movement of the anterior tibial tray. The system with an anatomic tibial tray design had significantly less micromotion than the systems with an asymmetric and symmetric tibial tray designs during walking (symmetric: 229 ± 30 μm, asymmetric: 205 ± 54 μm, anatomic: 84 ± 22 μm; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and less micromotion than the symmetric tibial tray during stair descent (symmetric: 165 ± 17 μm, asymmetric: 151 ± 65 μm, anatomic: 92 ± 18 μm; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.002).</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>Total knee arthroplasty system design had an impact on keeled cementless tibial tray initial stability during simulated walking and stair descent in this biomechanical model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50992,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Biomechanics","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 106652"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144880204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomechanical characterization of cadaveric thigh skin for development of biofidelic simulants","authors":"Pramod Yadav ,&nbsp;Gurpreet Singh ,&nbsp;Shubham Gupta ,&nbsp;Arnab Chanda","doi":"10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2025.106650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Simulants that accurately replicate the mechanical properties of human skin are essential for biomechanical testing, especially for skin prosthetics and grafting. Although there has been a plethora of research related to the testing of skin samples of several locations, particularly the thigh region remains yet to be extensively explored. Previous studies involving thigh skin lack the testing at varying strain rates which could be helpful to develop simulants and improve high-expansion skin grafts.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study focused on developing biofieldic simulants that mimic the realistic mechanical behavior of human skin. Uniaxial tensile tests at various strain rates were conducted on cadaver skin samples. Similar tests were also performed on skin simulants made from a two-part elastomer-based polymer with varying shore hardness. The non-linear responses of these simulants were analyzed using Mooney-Rivlin, Neo-Hookean, and Yeoh hyperelastic models.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>The study found that cadaveric skin exhibited mechanical behavior consistent with existing literature. Simulants of different shore hardness precisely mimic the mechanical behavior of cadaveric skin at various strain rates within a certain strain limit. All curve fittings showed a strong correlation coefficient R-square greater than 0.980.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>The mechanical properties of the polymer-based material make them ideal for developing simulants that can be modeled and tuned to closely match real thigh skin. Such highly characterized biofidelic skin simulants could provide novel insights for surgical training, trauma research, mechanical repeatability, and the development of various medical models for skin conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50992,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Biomechanics","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 106650"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144860909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}