Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger最新文献

{"title":"Newly revealed anatomy of the bucinator muscle: An anatomical and histological study","authors":"Joe Iwanaga ,&nbsp;Keiko Fukino ,&nbsp;Norio Kitagawa ,&nbsp;Ana Carrera ,&nbsp;Francisco Reina ,&nbsp;Maria Cristina Manzanares-Cespedes ,&nbsp;Mi-Sun Hur ,&nbsp;Miguel A. Reina ,&nbsp;R. Shane Tubbs","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Current anatomical knowledge of the origin of the bucinator muscle (BM), i.e., long thin attachments on the maxilla and mandible and the pterygomandibular raphe (PMR), is not supported by anatomical dissection of this muscle. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the detailed morphology of the BM and associated structures and to discuss its function.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The anatomy of the BM and related structures was investigated in 15 cadaveric heads using a surgical microscope and histological analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The inferior fibers of the BM originated from a small retromolar area (internal oblique line), which shared a common tendon with the deep tendon of the temporalis. The superior fibers of the BM originated from the maxillary tuberosity. The middle fibers originated the pterygoid hamulus. No PMR was identified in any of the specimens, but the border between the BM and superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle (SC) was clear because the muscle fibers followed different directions. Some horizontal fibers were continuous between the BM and SC.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our results suggest the need to revise established accounts of the origins of the bucinator (the maxillary tuberosity, conjoint tendon of the temporalis, and pterygoid hamulus without a pterygomandibular raphe. It also needs to be noted that some of its fibers merge directly with the SC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 152297"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The median nerve´s system of connective tissue distal to the pronator teres to the carpal tunnel","authors":"Dennis Aliev ,&nbsp;Karsten Winter ,&nbsp;Jeanette Henkelmann ,&nbsp;Martin F. Langer ,&nbsp;Hanno Steinke","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Connective tissue serves a role beyond mere spatial filling. Furthermore, there is increasing evidence that connective tissue plays an important role in the pathogenesis of conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). According to our hypothesis, the median nerve (MN) is surrounded by a system of connective tissue distal to the pronator teres and extending up to, and including, the carpal tunnel.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>To visualize the connective tissue surrounding the median nerve, we dissected the forearms of 15 body donors from pronator teres to the carpal tunnel, created plastination slices stained with Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS), and injected ink into the seen spaces. We verified our findings with a segmentational analysis of radiological data of 10 healthy individuals.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We macroscopically describe the median nerve´s system of connective tissue (MC) distal to the pronator teres and up to and including the carpal tunnel. This system creates, connects, and separates spaces. At least from the pronator teres to the carpal tunnel it also creates subspaces from proximal to distal. For the MC, we established a mean cross-sectional area of 153.1 mm² (SD=37.15) in the carpal tunnel. The median nerve consistently resides at the center of this MC, which further connects to flexor muscles of the forearm, and to the radius bone. In the carpal tunnel, the MC creates subspaces inside. There, it also acts as the outermost internal layer enveloping flexor tendons, and the MN.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>The term MC does not negate but orders the existence of other “connectives”, like subsynovial connective tissue, endo-, epi- or perineuria, epimysia, periostea, or peritendinea, to a hierarchy related to the median nerve. Diseases of the MN are common. Knowing the anatomy of the MC and how it relates to MN function may help clinicians recognize and understand conditions like CTS.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 152295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0940960224000876/pdfft?md5=b9b6733245396b63e38afceb63b4242f&pid=1-s2.0-S0940960224000876-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A South African case study on anatomical embalming for human body donation programmes with toxicological considerations","authors":"Kirsten Alexandria van der Heyden ,&nbsp;Victoria Elaine Gibbon ,&nbsp;Kentse Sana Mpolokeng","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Body embalming, a practice with deep historical roots across various cultures, forms the backbone of contemporary human body donation educational programmes. In this study, we explored current embalming practices within six South African human anatomical dissection programmes, focusing on the use and volumes of key chemicals—formalin, phenol, and alcohol—and their associated health risks and potential toxicity. We measured and compared aspects of embalming practices such as the duration of body preservation and the annual intake of bodies. Variations in embalming practices and chemical ratios across different South African universities were found. However, the consistent use of formalin, phenol and alcohol were observed across all six programmes. Formaldehyde concentrations used in South African dissection programmes were within the generally acceptable international range. Regarding arterial embalming, South African dissection programmes showed widespread adherence to international embalming practices, with one programme using a substantially lower concentration of formalin. The dual nature of formaldehyde as both an effective preservative and a recognised carcinogen was underscored in relation to human health regarding chemical toxicity. Phenol, like formaldehyde, was consistently used as it is important for the inhibition of bacterial and fungal growth. Alcohol was also consistently used, but there was much greater variation in its volume across South African institutions. Our data showed a slight positive relationship between storage duration and the volumes of formalin and phenol in human embalming fluid. South African regulators enforce stricter exposure limits than those set by the World Health Organisation and various European agencies. While South African institutions operate within internationally acceptable ranges of chemical use that both maximise preservation and minimise toxicity, we acknowledge that these data are preliminary. Further investigation is encouraged to ensure embalming practices effectively protect all those involved and support the educational goals of human anatomical dissection programmes in South Africa.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 152296"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0940960224000888/pdfft?md5=d6dcd65a86817b13e4c734d5b0de3133&pid=1-s2.0-S0940960224000888-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical human body donation in South Africa: Inconsistencies of informed consent","authors":"Keegan O. Meiring ,&nbsp;Victoria E. Gibbon ,&nbsp;Amanda Alblas","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Informed consent is critical for maintaining the ethical standards associated with the utilization of human donor bodies by tertiary education institutions. Body donation programs undertake the responsibility for procuring human donor bodies for didactic and research purposes. However, its processes require scrutiny regarding best practice guidelines and the South African National Health Act (SA-NHA) (2013). Moreover, acknowledging and addressing the current perceptions of human body donation are indispensable in bridging the gap between academia and society. This study aimed to compare informed consent documentation and procedures across South African tertiary education institutions and their affiliated human body donation programs (HBDP) in accordance with international guidelines. The findings were used to create a human body donation form template aligned to current international best practices for consideration by the South African HBDP.</p></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><p>A review of information and consent forms collected from South Africa’s eight HBDP was conducted. The analyses consisted of a broad evaluation of information provided, ranging from the terms-of-use for human donor bodies to the commitments made by HBDP to body-donors. The results were considered in conjunction with the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists and other recent publications on informed consent in HBDP.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Only two of the eight HBDP provided information and consent forms in more than one language. Most allowed donors to select how their bodies will be utilized – education, training and/or research. Some (6/8) made provisions for the next-of-kin to receive the cremains. Only one tertiary educational institution mentioned the occurrence of a memorial service in its documentation. An HBDF template was created aligned to current international best practices for presentation and possible adaption by SA HBDP.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion &amp; conclusions</h3><p>Human body donation forms (HBDF) requires thorough examination for the promotion and sustainability of HBDP. Effective communication by employing standardized non-technical terminology conveyed in language that is understandable and native to potential donors facilitates the deliverance of informed consent. Inconsistencies regarding the use and management of bodies catalyze the weakening perception of human body donation. Thus, this process of securing informed consent for body donation should be conducted in conjunction with public awareness campaigns and underpinned by the necessary policy and legislative reform.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 152292"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0940960224000840/pdfft?md5=6532e9ba38acb7077a6d71879fc6a03d&pid=1-s2.0-S0940960224000840-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141437908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of orbital floor defect ratio on changes in the inferior rectus muscle and prediction of posttraumatic enophthalmos – A cadaver study","authors":"Ali Modabber ,&nbsp;Philipp Winnand ,&nbsp;Mark Ooms ,&nbsp;Marius Heitzer ,&nbsp;Nassim Ayoub ,&nbsp;Felix Paulßen von Beck ,&nbsp;Stefan Raith ,&nbsp;Andreas Prescher ,&nbsp;Frank Hölzle ,&nbsp;Thomas Mücke","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Orbital floor fractures result in critical changes in the shape and inferior rectus muscle (IRM) position. Radiological imaging of IRM changes can be used for surgical decision making or prediction of ocular symptoms. Studies with a systematic consideration of the orbital floor defect ratio in this context are missing in the literature. Accordingly, this study on human cadavers aimed to systematically investigate the impact of the orbital floor defect ratio on changes in the IRM and the prediction of posttraumatic enophthalmos.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Seventy-two orbital floor defects were placed in cadaver specimens using piezosurgical removal. The orbital defect area (ODA), orbital floor area (OFA), position and IRM shape, and enophthalmos were measured using computed tomography (CT) scans.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The ODA/OFA ratio correlated significantly (p &lt; 0.001) with the shape (Spearman’s rho: 0.558) and position (Spearman’s rho: 0.511) of the IRM, and with enophthalmos (Spearman’s rho: 0.673). Increases in the ODA/OFA ratio significantly rounded the shape of the IRM (ß: 0.667; p &lt; 0.001) and made a lower position of the IRM more likely (OR: 1.093; p = 0.003). In addition, increases in the ODA/OFA ratio were significantly associated with the development of relevant enophthalmos (OR: 1.159; p = 0.008), adjusted for the defect localization and shape of the IRM. According to receiver operating characteristics analysis (AUC: 0.876; p &lt; 0.001), a threshold of ODA/OFA ratio ≥ 32.691 for prediction of the risk of development of enophthalmos yielded a sensitivity of 0.809 and a specificity of 0.842.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The ODA/OFA ratio is a relevant parameter in the radiological evaluation of orbital floor fractures, as it increases the risk of relevant enophthalmos, regardless of fracture localization and shape of the IRM. Therefore, changes in the shape and position of the IRM should be considered in surgical treatment planning. A better understanding of the correlates of isolated orbital floor fractures may help to develop diagnostic scores and standardize therapeutic algorithms in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 152294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0940960224000864/pdfft?md5=c14d7ff3956c7b72d6de916e9d6bab4b&pid=1-s2.0-S0940960224000864-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141422150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The human dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT) morphology: A multimodal imaging approach","authors":"Federico Boschi ,&nbsp;Alessandro Negri ,&nbsp;Anita Conti ,&nbsp;Paolo Bernardi ,&nbsp;Salvatore Chirumbolo ,&nbsp;Andrea Sbarbati","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT) in humans can be characterized as a relaxed dermal skin compartment consisting of functionally interlinked adipocytes. dWAT is typically discerned both in terms of morphology and function from subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT). In particular in human thigh, the dWAT appears as thin extensions from the adipose panniculus to the dermis, and it is primarily associated with pilosebaceous units, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and erector pili muscles. In this work, human fat tissue samples obtained post-mortem from the gluteo-femoral region were analyzed focusing on the thin extensions of dWAT named dermal cones. This anatomical region was chosen to deepen the dWAT morphological features of this site which is interesting both for clinical applications and genetical studies. The purpose of this exploratory methodological study was to gain deeper insights into the morphological features of human dWAT through a multimodal imaging approach.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Optical microscopy, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), have been employed in this study. The cones’ length and their distances were measured on the acquired images for optical microscopy and SEM. The cone’s apparent regular distribution in MRI images was evaluated using a mathematical criterion, the conformity <em>ratio</em>, which is the <em>ratio</em> of the mean nearest-neighbor distance to its standard deviation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The imaging techniques revealed white adipocytes forming a layer, referred to as sWAT, with cones measuring nearly 2 mm in size measured on SEM and Optical images (2.1 ± 0.4 mm), with the lower part embedded in the sWAT and the upper part extending into the dermis. The distance between the cones results about 1 mm measured on MRI images and they show an overall semiregular distribution.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>MRI images demonstrated an orderly arrangement of cones, and their 3D reconstruction allowed to elucidate the dermal cones’ disposition in the tissue sample and a more general comprehensive visualization of the entire fat structure within the dermis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 152289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141289034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The quadratus femoris muscle anatomy: Do we know everything?","authors":"Łukasz Olewnik ,&nbsp;Nicol Zielinska ,&nbsp;Piotr Karauda ,&nbsp;Maria Piagkou ,&nbsp;Krzysztof Koptas ,&nbsp;Krystian Maślanka ,&nbsp;Kacper Ruzik ,&nbsp;George Triantafyllou ,&nbsp;Adrian Balcerzak ,&nbsp;Ewa Klejman ,&nbsp;Friedrich Paulsen","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152284","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The purpose of this study was to characterize the morphological variations in the quadratus femoris muscle (QF) and to create an anatomical classification that could be used in the planning of surgical procedures in this area, radiological imaging, and rehabilitation.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Ninety-two lower limbs from 46 cadavers, fixed in 10 % formalin solution, were examined.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The QF muscle was present in all specimens. According to morphology, the QF muscle was classified into three types. The most common type was Type I, characterized by one muscular belly (78.3 %), while the second most common type was Type II, characterized by two bellies, was observed in 17.4 % of cases. The rarest type was Type III. It was characterized by three bellies and was found in 4.3 % of the cases.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The current classification system on quadratus femoris morphological variability is novel. Morphological variants may contribute to clinical issues, such as the ischiofemoral impingement syndrome, that could arise from type I quadratus femoris. Hence, the current study may be applicated to planning surgical procedures, imaging, and rehabilitation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 152284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141232070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomy of blood microcirculation in the pig epicardial ganglionated nerve plexus","authors":"Dmitrij Kvitka ,&nbsp;Dainius H. Pauza","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Embolization of coronary arteries and their terminal arterioles causes ischemia of all tissues distributed within a cardiac wall including the intrinsic cardiac ganglionated nerve plexus (ICGP). The disturbed blood supply to the ICGP causes chronic sympathetic activation with succeeding atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. This study analyses the anatomy of microcirculation of epicardial nerves and ganglia using the hearts of 11 domestic pigs. Our findings demonstrate that thicker epicardial nerves are normally supplied with blood via 1<img>2 epineural arterioles penetrating the endoneurium regularly along a nerve, and forming an endoneurial capillary network, which drains the blood into the myocardial blood flow. The mean diameter of intraneural capillaries was 7.2 ± 0.2 µm, while the diameters of arterioles were 25.8 ± 0.7 μm and involved 4<img>5 endothelial cells accompanied by circular smooth muscle cells. Usually, two or three arterioles with a mean diameter of 28.9 ± 1.7 μm supplied blood to any epicardial ganglion, in which arterioles proceeded into a network of capillaries with a mean diameter of 6.9 ± 0.3 μm. Both the epicardial nerves and the ganglia distributed near the porta venarum of the heart had tiny arterioles that anastomosed blood vessels from the right and the left coronary arteries. The density of blood vessels in the epicardial nerves was significantly lesser compared with the ganglia. Our electron microscopic observations provided evidence that blood vessels of the pig epicardial nerves and ganglia may be considered as either arterioles or capillaries that have quantitative and qualitative differences comparing to the corresponding blood vessels in humans and, therefore, a pig should not be considered as an animal model of the first choice for further heart functional studies seeking to improve the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias via trans-coronary cardiac neuroablation.</p></div><div><h3>Structured abstract</h3><p>This study details the anatomy of microcirculation of epicardial nerves and ganglia, from which intracardiac nerves and bundles of nerve fibers extend into all layers of the atrial and ventricular walls in the most popular animal model of experimental cardiology and cardiac surgery - the domestic pig. Our findings provided evidence that blood vessels of the pig epicardial nerves and ganglia may be considered as either arterioles or capillaries that have quantitative and qualitative differences comparing to the corresponding blood vessels in humans and, therefore, a pig should not be considered as an animal model of the first choice for further heart functional studies seeking to improve the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias via trans-coronary cardiac neuroablation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 152285"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141238942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The developmental processes of ventricular septal defects with outflow tract malalignment","authors":"Xiangyang Liu ,&nbsp;Chenxi Li ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Wang ,&nbsp;Yuxia Jin ,&nbsp;Jianjun Zhu ,&nbsp;Suping Li ,&nbsp;Hongjun Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ventricular septal defects (VSD) with outflow tract (OFT) malalignment are a common group of congenital heart diseases with varying severity. The developmental process of these defects is challenging to understand due to the complex nature of cardiac morphogenesis and the difficulties in visualizing the temporal and spatial changes that occur during pathogenesis. However, recent advancements in imaging techniques, such as high-resolution episcopic microscopy, have provided valuable insights into the normal septation of ventricular chambers and OFT alignment. Building upon this knowledge, we have utilized lightsheet microscopy, another innovative imaging method, to further investigate the developmental processes that lead to abnormal formation of the ventricular septum and the malalignment of arterial roots with the ventricular chambers. Our study highlights endocardial cushion hypoplasia and insufficient rotation of the outflow tract as two interrelated central factors contributing to the pathogenesis of these defects. This finding has the potential to enhance our understanding of the etiology of congenital heart diseases and may contribute to the development of improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 152293"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms and translational applications of regeneration in limbs: From renewable animals to humans","authors":"Lu Huang ,&nbsp;Chiakang Ho ,&nbsp;Xinran Ye ,&nbsp;Ya Gao ,&nbsp;Weiming Guo ,&nbsp;Julie Chen ,&nbsp;Jiaming Sun ,&nbsp;Dongsheng Wen ,&nbsp;Yangdan Liu ,&nbsp;Yuxin Liu ,&nbsp;Yifan Zhang ,&nbsp;Qingfeng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The regenerative capacity of organisms declines throughout evolution, and mammals lack the ability to regenerate limbs after injury. Past approaches to achieving successful restoration through pharmacological intervention, tissue engineering, and cell therapies have faced significant challenges.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This review aims to provide an overview of the current understanding of the mechanisms behind animal limb regeneration and the successful translation of these mechanisms for human tissue regeneration.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Particular attention was paid to the Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum), the only adult tetrapod capable of limb regeneration. We will explore fundamental questions surrounding limb regeneration, such as how amputation initiates regeneration, how the limb knows when to stop and which parts to regenerate, and how these findings can apply to mammalian systems.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Given the urgent need for regenerative therapies to treat conditions like diabetic foot ulcers and trauma survivors, this review provides valuable insights and ideas for researchers, clinicians, and biomedical engineers seeking to facilitate the regeneration process or elicit full regeneration from partial regeneration events.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 152288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}