The content of the transverse foramen of the seventh cervical vertebra

IF 2 3区 医学 Q2 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY
Thomas Kagel, Martin Scaal, Margarethe Draga
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Abstract

In human anatomy, the vertebral artery, in its passage from the subclavian artery to the foramen magnum of the skull, enters the transverse foramina of the vertebral column generally at the level of the 6th cervical vertebra. Nevertheless, even though avoided by the vertebral artery, also the 7th cervical vertebra (C7) contains a transverse foramen. The content of this transverse foramen in C7 has been unclear, with different descriptions found in textbooks and in original literature. Here, we have revisited the content of the transverse foramen in C7 by macroscopic dissection of 32 human specimens. We found that the 7th transverse foramen never contained the vertebral artery. Instead, it enclosed in 35 % of the cases both vertebral vein and vertebral nerve, in 20 % of the cases only the vertebral nerve, in 11 % of the cases only the vertebral vein, and in 34 % of the cases it contained no macroscopically visible neurovascular structure at all but only adipose connective tissue.

第七颈椎横向孔的内容。
在人体解剖学中,椎动脉从锁骨下动脉进入颅骨大孔时,一般在第 6 颈椎水平进入椎体横孔。不过,尽管被椎动脉避开,第 7 颈椎(C7)也包含一个横向孔。关于 C7 椎横向孔的内容一直不明确,教科书和原始文献中也有不同的描述。在此,我们通过对 32 个人体标本进行宏观解剖,重新审视了 C7 中横孔的内容。我们发现第七横孔从未包含椎动脉。相反,在 35% 的病例中,它同时包含椎静脉和椎神经;在 20% 的病例中,它只包含椎神经;在 11% 的病例中,它只包含椎静脉;在 34% 的病例中,它根本不包含宏观可见的神经血管结构,而只包含脂肪结缔组织。
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来源期刊
Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger
Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger 医学-解剖学与形态学
CiteScore
4.40
自引率
22.70%
发文量
137
审稿时长
33 days
期刊介绍: Annals of Anatomy publish peer reviewed original articles as well as brief review articles. The journal is open to original papers covering a link between anatomy and areas such as •molecular biology, •cell biology •reproductive biology •immunobiology •developmental biology, neurobiology •embryology as well as •neuroanatomy •neuroimmunology •clinical anatomy •comparative anatomy •modern imaging techniques •evolution, and especially also •aging
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