Machines最新文献_第6页

State-of-the-Art Lightweight Implementation Methods in Electrical Machines 最先进的电机轻量级实现方法

Machines Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.3390/machines12050339

Han Zhao, Jing Li, Xiaochen Zhang, Bin Xiong, Chenyi Zhao, Yixiao Ruan, H. Wang, Jing Zhang, Zhouwei Lan, Xiaoyan Huang, He Zhang

引用次数: 0

Systematic Development of a Novel Laser-Sintering Machine with Roving Integration and Sustainability Evaluation 带巡回集成的新型激光烧结机的系统开发与可持续性评估

Machines Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.3390/machines12050336

Michael Baranowski, Johannes Scholz, F. Kößler, Jürgen Fleischer

{"title":"Systematic Development of a Novel Laser-Sintering Machine with Roving Integration and Sustainability Evaluation","authors":"Michael Baranowski, Johannes Scholz, F. Kößler, Jürgen Fleischer","doi":"10.3390/machines12050336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/machines12050336","url":null,"abstract":"Incorporating continuous carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CCFRP) parts within additive manufacturing processes presents a significant advancement in the fabrication of robust lightweight parts, particularly relevant to aerospace, engineering, and various industrial sectors. Nonetheless, prevailing additive manufacturing methodologies for CCFRP parts exhibit notable limitations. Techniques reliant on resin and extrusion entail extensive and costly post-processing procedures to eliminate support structures, constraining design versatility and complicating small-scale production endeavours. In contrast, laser sintering (LS) emerges as a promising avenue for industrial application. It facilitates the efficient and cost-effective manufacturing of resilient parts without needing support structures. However, the current state of research and technological capabilities has yet to yield an LS machine that integrates the benefits of continuous fibre reinforcement with the inherent advantages of the LS process. This paper describes the systematic development process according to VDI 2221 of a new type of LS machine with automated continuous fibre integration while keeping the advantages of the LS process. The resulting physical prototype of the machine is also presented. Furthermore, this study presents an approach to integrate the cost and Product Carbon Footprint of the process in the product design. For this purpose, a machine state model was developed, and the costs and Product Carbon footprint of a part were analysed based on the model. The promising potential for future lightweight products is demonstrated through the production of CCFRP parts.","PeriodicalId":509264,"journal":{"name":"Machines","volume":"4 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140981837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Consensus Tracking Control of Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Subject to Distinct Unknown Delays 受不同未知延迟影响的多个无人飞行器的一致跟踪控制

Machines Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.3390/machines12050337

Sandy-Natalie Campos-Martínez, O. Hernández-González, M. Guerrero-Sánchez, Guillermo Valencia-Palomo, B. Targui, F. López‐Estrada

{"title":"Consensus Tracking Control of Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Subject to Distinct Unknown Delays","authors":"Sandy-Natalie Campos-Martínez, O. Hernández-González, M. Guerrero-Sánchez, Guillermo Valencia-Palomo, B. Targui, F. López‐Estrada","doi":"10.3390/machines12050337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/machines12050337","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with the consensus tracking problem for multi-agent systems (MAS) under the influence of unknown time-varying delays. Each agent of the MAS is a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) represented as a linear continuous-time system. The main objective of this paper is the stabilization of multi-agent systems where the control input is affected by unknown time-varying delays, which are assumed to be upper-bounded, and where these bounds are not required to be known. The proposed observer-based control scheme guarantees the consensus tracking of multi-UAV systems with the desired H∞ performance, which adds a further level of mitigation of unknown delays present in MAS systems by minimizing the H∞ norm, which measures the maximum gain from the disturbance to the controlled output of the system. For each UAV agent, an unknown input observer is employed to isolate the unknown time-varying delays in the state estimation process. With the use of an unknown input observer-based consensus tracking control, sufficient conditions are derived to ensure that all follower UAVs can reach a consensus with the leader, despite the presence of distinct unknown time-varying delays. The stability of the proposed scheme is proven using Lyapunov theory for the leader and follower agents. Finally, numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":509264,"journal":{"name":"Machines","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140979162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research on Noise Reduction of Water Hydraulic Throttle Valve Based on RBF Neural Network and Multi-Island Genetic Algorithm 基于 RBF 神经网络和多岛遗传算法的水力节流阀降噪研究

Machines Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.3390/machines12050333

Huawei Wang, Linjia Nan, Xin Zhou, Yaozhong Wu, Bo Wang, Li Hu, Xiaohui Luo

{"title":"Research on Noise Reduction of Water Hydraulic Throttle Valve Based on RBF Neural Network and Multi-Island Genetic Algorithm","authors":"Huawei Wang, Linjia Nan, Xin Zhou, Yaozhong Wu, Bo Wang, Li Hu, Xiaohui Luo","doi":"10.3390/machines12050333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/machines12050333","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive pressure drop within the internal flow channel of the water hydraulic throttle valve will generate severe noise. In order to reduce the noise of the throttle valve, in this paper, the model of the throttle valve was established, and the flow characteristics and acoustic characteristics of the valve were simulated. The simulation results showed that the parameters of the throat structure, such as the half angle, throat inlet angle and throat length, have a significant effect on the noise of the valve. Then, the three main structural parameters were used as optimization variables, and radial basis function (RBF) neural networks and multi-island genetic algorithms (MIGA) were used to reduce the noise of the valve. The approximate model of the relationship between the structural parameters of the valve and noise was established by RBF neural networks, and MIGA was used to optimize the approximate model. Finally, the optimal valve model was established based on the obtained optimal parameters, and its noise was analyzed through simulation and experiment. The research results indicated that the optimization method, which combines RBF Neural Network and MIGA, can effectively reduce the noise of hydraulic throttle valves.","PeriodicalId":509264,"journal":{"name":"Machines","volume":"14 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140982895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydrodynamic Performance Study of a Reciprocating Plate Column Dirven by Electro-permanent Magnet Technology 电永磁技术驱动的往复式板柱的流体力学性能研究

Machines Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.3390/machines12050330

Kai Guo, Jianxu Jiang, Deqiang Zhang, Linyuan Meng, Yiran Zhang, Xiantao Fan, Hongsheng Zhang

{"title":"Hydrodynamic Performance Study of a Reciprocating Plate Column Dirven by Electro-permanent Magnet Technology","authors":"Kai Guo, Jianxu Jiang, Deqiang Zhang, Linyuan Meng, Yiran Zhang, Xiantao Fan, Hongsheng Zhang","doi":"10.3390/machines12050330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/machines12050330","url":null,"abstract":"The reciprocating plate column is a kind of column with the plates driven by a geared motor, and it has advantages in regard to efficiency compared to traditional columns in the extraction process, however, it comes with an increase in energy consumption. A new type of reciprocating plate column driven by electro-permanent magnet technology (EPM) is proposed in this paper to obtain a better performance with lower energy consumption. The feasibility and performance of the proposed column is studied by numerical simulation and experiments with a kerosene–water system. The electro-permanent magnet chuck could provide a maximum amplitude of 12 mm in this study. Kerosene was used as the dispersed phase, and deionized water was used as the continuous phase, in a laboratory-scale 35 mm diameter reciprocating plate column driven by EPM. Hydrodynamic performance experiments were carried out with different flowrates of both phases and reciprocating frequencies. The experimental results show that the electro-permanent magnet chuck, which serves as the driving device of the reciprocating plate column, plays the role of adding energy and increasing the droplet breakage. In addition, the energy consumption of the reciprocating plate column with traditional geared motor and electro-permanent magnet chuck is calculated respectively. Compared with the traditional geared motor, the energy saving of the electro-permanent magnet chuck is as high as 98.55%.","PeriodicalId":509264,"journal":{"name":"Machines","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140982368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Visual Perception and Multimodal Control: A Novel Approach to Designing an Intelligent Badminton Serving Device 视觉感知与多模式控制：设计智能羽毛球发球装置的新方法

Machines Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.3390/machines12050331

Fulai Jiang, Yuxuan Lin, Rui Ming, Chuan Qin, Yangjie Wu, Yuhui Liu, Haibo Luo

{"title":"Visual Perception and Multimodal Control: A Novel Approach to Designing an Intelligent Badminton Serving Device","authors":"Fulai Jiang, Yuxuan Lin, Rui Ming, Chuan Qin, Yangjie Wu, Yuhui Liu, Haibo Luo","doi":"10.3390/machines12050331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/machines12050331","url":null,"abstract":"Addressing the current issue of limited control methods for badminton serving devices, this paper proposes a vision-based multimodal control system and method for badminton serving. The system integrates computer vision recognition technology with traditional control methods for badminton serving devices. By installing vision capture devices on the serving device, the system identifies various human body postures. Based on the content of posture information, corresponding control signals are sent to adjust parameters such as launch angle and speed, enabling multiple modes of serving. Firstly, the hardware design for the badminton serving device is presented, including the design of the actuator module through 3D modeling. Simultaneously, an embedded development board circuit is designed to meet the requirements of multimodal control. Secondly, in the aspect of visual perception for human body recognition, an improved BlazePose candidate region posture recognition algorithm is proposed based on existing posture recognition algorithms. Furthermore, mappings between posture information and hand information are established to facilitate parameter conversion for the serving device under different postures. Finally, extensive experiments validate the feasibility and stability of the developed system and method.","PeriodicalId":509264,"journal":{"name":"Machines","volume":"115 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140985693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fault Diagnosis Method for Railway Signal Equipment Based on Data Enhancement and an Improved Attention Mechanism 基于数据增强和改进关注机制的铁路信号设备故障诊断方法

Machines Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.3390/machines12050334

Ni Yang, Youpeng Zhang, Jing Zuo, Bin Zhao

{"title":"Fault Diagnosis Method for Railway Signal Equipment Based on Data Enhancement and an Improved Attention Mechanism","authors":"Ni Yang, Youpeng Zhang, Jing Zuo, Bin Zhao","doi":"10.3390/machines12050334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/machines12050334","url":null,"abstract":"Railway signals’ fault text data contain a substantial amount of expert maintenance experience. Extracting valuable information from these fault text data can enhance the efficiency of fault diagnosis for signal equipment, thereby contributing to the advancement of intelligent railway operations and maintenance technology. Considering that the characteristics of different signal equipment in actual operation can easily lead to a lack of fault data, a fault diagnosis method for railway signal equipment based on data augmentation and an improved attention mechanism (DEIAM) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the original fault dataset is preprocessed based on data augmentation technology and retained noun and verb operations. Then, the neural network is constructed by integrating a bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) model with an attention mechanism and a convolutional neural network (CNN) model enhanced with a channel attention mechanism. The DEIAM method can more effectively capture the important text features and sequence features in fault text data, thereby facilitating the diagnosis and classification of such data. Consequently, it enhances onsite fault maintenance experience by providing more precise insights. An empirical study was conducted on a 10-year fault dataset of signal equipment produced by a railway bureau. The experimental results demonstrate that in comparison with the benchmark model, the DEIAM model exhibits enhanced performance in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1.","PeriodicalId":509264,"journal":{"name":"Machines","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140984879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Novel Method for Failure Mode and Effect Analysis Based on the Fermatean Fuzzy Set and Bonferroni Mean Operator 基于费尔马特模糊集和邦费罗尼均值运算器的故障模式与影响分析新方法

Machines Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.3390/machines12050332

Liangsheng Han, Mingyi Xia, Yang Yu, Shuai He

{"title":"A Novel Method for Failure Mode and Effect Analysis Based on the Fermatean Fuzzy Set and Bonferroni Mean Operator","authors":"Liangsheng Han, Mingyi Xia, Yang Yu, Shuai He","doi":"10.3390/machines12050332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/machines12050332","url":null,"abstract":"Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) helps to identify the weak points in the processing, manufacturing, and assembly of products and plays an important role in improving product reliability. To address the shortcomings of the existing FMEA methods in terms of the uncertainty treatment of information and not considering the weights and correlations between risk factors, we propose a new FMEA method. In this paper, the Fermatean fuzzy Z-number (FFZN) is proposed by fusing the Fermatean fuzzy number and Z-number. Extending it to the Bonferroni mean (BM) operator, the Fermatean fuzzy Z-number-weighted Bonferroni mean (FFZWBM) operator is proposed. A new FMEA method is proposed based on this operator. In order to overcome the factors not considered in the FMEA method, two new risk factors are proposed and added. The ability of experts to express fuzzy information is enhanced by introducing the FFS. The weights and correlations between the influencing factors can be handled by aggregating the evaluation information using the FFZWBM operator. Finally, the proposed method is applied to an arithmetic example and the accuracy of the proposed method is proved by teaming it with other methods.","PeriodicalId":509264,"journal":{"name":"Machines","volume":"73 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140985037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clearance Nonlinear Control Method of Electro-Hydraulic Servo System Based on Hopfield Neural Network 基于 Hopfield 神经网络的电液伺服系统清零非线性控制方法

Machines Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.3390/machines12050329

Tao Wang, Jinchun Song

{"title":"Clearance Nonlinear Control Method of Electro-Hydraulic Servo System Based on Hopfield Neural Network","authors":"Tao Wang, Jinchun Song","doi":"10.3390/machines12050329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/machines12050329","url":null,"abstract":"The electro-hydraulic servo system has advantages such as high pressure, large flow, and high power, etc., which can also realize stepless regulation, so it is widely used in many engineering machineries. A linear model is sometimes only a simple approximation of an idealized model, but in an actual system, there may be nonlinear and transient variation characteristics in the systems. Coupling is reflected in the fact that the components or functional structures implemented by each system used for the design of hydraulic systems are not completely or independently related to each other, but affect each other. The nonlinear clearance between the actuator and the load reduces the control accuracy of the system and increases the impact, thus losing stable working conditions. In the paper, based on the nonlinear clearance problem of the electro-hydraulic servo system, a mathematical transfer model with clearance is established, and on this basis, a clearance compensation method based on the Hopfield neural network is proposed. In this way, clearance compensation can be realized by adjusting the parameters of neural network nodes, through simple and convenient operation. Finally, by setting different clearance values, the results of the step response and sine response curve before and after clearance compensation of the hydraulic system are compared, and the effectiveness of Hopfield neural network compensation clearance control is verified based on the comparison simulation results.","PeriodicalId":509264,"journal":{"name":"Machines","volume":" March","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140989711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Comparative Study on Coupled Fluid–Thermal Field of a Large Nuclear Turbine Generator with Radial and Composited Radial–Axial–Radial Ventilation Systems 采用径向通风系统和径向-轴向-径向复合通风系统的大型核动力涡轮发电机流体-热场耦合对比研究

Machines Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.3390/machines12050326

Shukuan Zhang, Fachen Wang, Yusen Zhang, Weijie Gao, Chuan Xiang

{"title":"A Comparative Study on Coupled Fluid–Thermal Field of a Large Nuclear Turbine Generator with Radial and Composited Radial–Axial–Radial Ventilation Systems","authors":"Shukuan Zhang, Fachen Wang, Yusen Zhang, Weijie Gao, Chuan Xiang","doi":"10.3390/machines12050326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/machines12050326","url":null,"abstract":"With the continuous growth of energy demand, the advantages of nuclear power, such as high energy density, low emissions, and cleanliness, are gradually highlighted. However, the increasing capacity of the turbine generator in nuclear power plants has led to greater losses and critical heating issues. Designing an effective cooling system plays an important role in improving the rotor’s heat dissipation ability, especially under the condition of limited rotor space. In this study, the cooling effects of the rotor using a radial straight-type cooling structure and a composited radial–axial–radial cooling structure are compared and analyzed for a 1555 MVA hydrogen-cooled nuclear turbine generator. Three-dimensional fluid thermal coupled models of the rotor with both cooling structures are established, and corresponding boundary conditions are provided. The models are solved using the finite volume method. The flow law of cooling hydrogen gas inside the rotor and the temperature distribution of various parts of the rotor are studied in detail. Compared with the radial straight-type cooling structure, adopting the composited radial–axial–radial cooling structure can reduce the average temperature of the rotor field windings by 4.5 °C. The research results provide a reference for the design and optimization of the rotor cooling system for large-capacity nuclear turbine generators.","PeriodicalId":509264,"journal":{"name":"Machines","volume":" 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140993787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0