{"title":"A Trans-scale Shear-lag Model for Characterizing the Size Effect and Viscoelasticity of Staggered Shells","authors":"Zhongya Lin, Kuanjie Ding, Hansong Ma, Yueguang Wei","doi":"10.1007/s10338-024-00572-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10338-024-00572-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Natural biomaterials with staggered structures exhibit remarkable mechanical properties owing to their unique microstructure. The microstructural arrangement can induce size-dependent and viscoelastic responses within the material. This study proposes a strain gradient viscoelastic shear-lag model to elucidate the intricate interplay between the strain gradient and viscoelastic effect in staggered shells. Our model clarifies the role of both effects, as experimentally observed, in governing the mechanical properties of these biomaterials. A detailed characterization of the size-dependent responses is conducted through the utilization of a microstructural characterization parameter alongside viscoelastic constitutive models. Then, the effective modulus of the staggered shell is defined and its formula is derived through the Laplace transform. Compared to classical models and even the strain gradient elastic model, the strain gradient viscoelastic model offers calculated moduli that are more consistent with experimental data. Moreover, the strengthening-softening effect of staggered structures is predicted using the strain gradient viscoelastic model and critical energy principle. This study contributes significantly to our understanding of the mechanical behavior of structural materials. Additionally, it provides insights for the design of advanced bionic materials with tailored properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50892,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica","volume":"38 5","pages":"749 - 763"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Programmable Hierarchical Kirigami Through Controlling Local Cuts","authors":"Han Pan, Peng Sun, Lu Dai, Rui Xiao","doi":"10.1007/s10338-025-00582-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10338-025-00582-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Kirigami, through introducing cuts into a thin sheet, can greatly improve the stretchability of structures and also generate complex patterns, showing potentials in various applications. Interestingly, even with the same cutting pattern, the mechanical response of kirigami metamaterials can exhibit significant differences depending on the cutting angles in respect to the loading direction. In this work, we investigate the structural deformation of kirigami metamaterials with square domains and varied cutting angles of 0° and 45°. We further introduce a second level of cutting on the basis of the first cutting pattern. By combining experiments and finite element simulations, it is found that, compared to the commonly used 0° cuts, the two-level kirigami metamaterials with 45° cuts exhibit a unique alternating arrangement phenomenon of expanded/unexpanded states in the loading process, which also results in distinct stress–strain response. Through tuning the cutting patterns of metamaterials with 45° cuts, precise control of the rotation of the kirigami unit is realized, leading to kirigami metamaterials with encryption properties. The current work demonstrates the programmability of structural deformation in hierarchical kirigami metamaterials through controlling the local cutting modes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50892,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica","volume":"38 5","pages":"825 - 833"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design of Low-Resistance Composite Electrolytes for Solid-State Batteries Based on Machine Learning","authors":"Yu Xiong, Zizhang Lin, Jinxing Li, Zijian Li, Ao Cheng, Xin Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10338-024-00571-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10338-024-00571-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Determining the optimal ceramic content of the ceramics-in-polymer composite electrolytes and the appropriate stack pressure can effectively improve the interfacial contact of solid-state batteries (SSBs). Based on the contact mechanics model and constructed by the conjugate gradient method, continuous convolution, and fast Fourier transform, this paper analyzes and compares the interfacial contact responses involving the polymers commonly used in SSBs, which provides the original training data for machine learning. A support vector regression model is established to predict the relationship between the content of ceramics and the interfacial resistance. The Bayesian optimization and K-fold cross-validation are introduced to find the optimal combination of hyperparameters, which accelerates the training process and improves the model’s accuracy. We found the relationship between the content of ceramics, the stack pressure, and the interfacial resistance. The results can be taken as a reference for the design of the low-resistance composite electrolytes for solid-state batteries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50892,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica","volume":"38 3","pages":"549 - 557"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Flexural Nonlinear Natural Frequency Analysis of Rotational Functionally Graded Sandwich Rectangular Plates with Uniform and Inhomogeneous Pore Distributions in Thermal Environments","authors":"Dazhi Zhang, Yongqiang Li","doi":"10.1007/s10338-024-00549-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10338-024-00549-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the nonlinear dynamic properties of rotating functionally graded sandwich rectangular plates in a thermal environment. The nonlinear vibration equations for a rotating metal-ceramic functionally graded sandwich rectangular plate in a thermal environment are derived using classical thin plate theory and Hamilton’s principle, considering geometric nonlinearity, temperature-dependent material properties, and power law distribution of components through the thickness. With cantilever boundary conditions, the flexural nonlinear differential equations of the rectangular sandwich plate are obtained via the Galerkin method. Since the natural vibration differential equations exhibit nonlinear characteristics, the multiscale method is employed to derive the expression for nonlinear natural frequency. An example analysis reveals how the natural frequency of a functionally graded sandwich rectangular plate varies with rotational speed and temperature. Results show that the nonlinear/linear frequency ratio increases with rotational angular velocity Ω and thickness-to-length ratio <i>h/a</i>, follows a cosine-like periodic pattern with the setting angle, and shows a sharp decrease followed by a rapid increase with increasing width-to-length ratio <i>b/a</i>. The derived analytical solutions for nonlinear frequency provide valuable insights for assessing the dynamic characteristics of functionally graded structures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50892,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica","volume":"38 4","pages":"664 - 676"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144923209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jia Chang, Le Yang, Peng Wang, Wei-Li Song, Yana Wang
{"title":"Mechano-electrochemical Coupling Deformation in Layered Electrode Materials: A Review of Current Research and Future Directions","authors":"Jia Chang, Le Yang, Peng Wang, Wei-Li Song, Yana Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10338-024-00568-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10338-024-00568-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Layered materials, such as graphite and molybdenum disulfide, are promising for electrode materials and microelectronic devices due to their excellent ion-intercalating properties. However, the intercalation and de-intercalation of ions, causing structural deformation and material property variations, would affect battery performance and alter external field responses. The complex problem coupling multiphysics is significant for study and poses a crucial research challenge. This paper reviews the coupling between mechanics, electrochemistry, and electrics during the reaction process, including in situ experimental characterization, theoretical modeling, and design considerations at various scales. Current research has focused on experimental observations beyond the nanoscale and continuum phenomenological models. Further advancements in characterizing layered structural evolution, electron cloud interactions at the atomic level, and developing physics-based multi-field models are essential.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50892,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica","volume":"38 3","pages":"358 - 368"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145165654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yulian Liu, Yang Chen, Jia Li, Bin Liu, Ruiqian Zhang, Jiangtao Xia, Qihong Fang
{"title":"Irradiation Hardening and Creep Modeling of High-Entropy Alloy at High Temperature and Dose","authors":"Yulian Liu, Yang Chen, Jia Li, Bin Liu, Ruiqian Zhang, Jiangtao Xia, Qihong Fang","doi":"10.1007/s10338-024-00563-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10338-024-00563-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High-entropy alloys (HEAs) exhibit the excellent elevated-temperature performance and irradiation resistance due to the important core effect of serious lattice distortion for impeding dislocation motion, as candidate materials for nuclear applications. Despite the growth of the nuclear power sector, the effects of high-temperature and high-dose irradiation-induced voids on the mechanical properties of HEA in higher power nuclear reactors remain insufficiently researched, hindering its industrial application. In this study, we establish a consistent parameterization crystal plastic constitutive model for the hardening and creep behaviors of HEA, incorporating the spatial distribution of void size and shape effects, in contrast to traditional creep models that rely on temperature-related fitting parameters of the phenomenological power law equation. The model matches well with experimental data at different temperatures and irradiation doses, demonstrating its robustness. The effects of irradiation dose, temperature, and degree of lattice distortion on irradiation hardening and creep behavior of void-containing HEA are investigated. The results indicate that HEA with high lattice distortion exhibits better creep resistance under higher stress loads. The yield stress of irradiated HEA increases with increasing irradiation dose and temperature. The creep resistance increases with increasing irradiation dose and decreases with increasing irradiation temperature. The increase in irradiation dose causes a specific morphological transformation from spherical to cubic voids. The modeling and results could provide an effective theoretical way for tuning the yield strength and alloy design in advanced HEAs to meet irradiation properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50892,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica","volume":"38 4","pages":"588 - 597"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144923211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Analysis of the Chemical Stress Field Under Potentiostatic Intermittent Titration Techniques for Interfacial Reaction-Controlled Systems","authors":"Kaikai Li, Shichen Wang, Xiuling Shi, Yan Huang","doi":"10.1007/s10338-024-00578-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10338-024-00578-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The potentiostatic intermittent titration technique (PITT) is widely used to determine the diffusion coefficient of ions in electrode materials for rechargeable batteries such as lithium-ion or sodium-ion batteries, predicated on the assumption that the insertion/extraction of ions in the host materials is governed by diffusion. However, in practical scenarios, the electrochemical process might be dominated by interfacial reaction kinetics rather than diffusion. The present work derives analytical equations for electric current by considering the finite interfacial reaction kinetics and small overpotentials during PITT measurements and further studies the chemical stress field induced by the interfacial reaction-controlled ion insertion. The exchange current density (<span>({j}_{0})</span>) can be ascertained using the analytical equation, which dictates the magnitude and decay rate of the electric current during a PITT process. The electric current decays more rapidly, and consequently, the lithium concentration reaches equilibrium faster for larger values of <span>({j}_{0})</span>. The magnitude of the chemical stress is independent of <span>({j}_{0})</span> but depends on the overpotential.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50892,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica","volume":"38 3","pages":"508 - 516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145165655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Numerical and Theoretical Study on the Perforation of Aluminum Plates Struck by Flat-Nosed Projectiles","authors":"L. F. Yang, H. M. Wen","doi":"10.1007/s10338-024-00557-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10338-024-00557-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It has been experimentally observed that, in the perforation of metal plates by a flat-nosed projectile, there exists a plateau phenomenon where the ballistic limit increases slightly with increasing plate thickness, which is related to a change in the mode of failure. No theoretical model has so far explained this phenomenon satisfactorily. This paper presents a combined numerical and theoretical study on the perforation of 2024-T351 aluminum plates struck by flat-nosed projectiles. First, numerical simulations are performed to investigate the failure mechanisms/deformation modes of the aluminum plates. Then, a theoretical model is proposed based on the numerical results and the experimental observations within a unified framework. The model takes into account the main energy absorbing mechanisms and the corresponding energies absorbed are determined analytically. In particular, a dimensionless equation is suggested to describe the relationship between global deformations and impact velocity. It transpires that the model predictions are in good agreement with the test data and the numerical results for the perforation of 2024-T351 aluminum plates struck by rigid flat-nosed projectiles in terms of residual velocity, ballistic limit, relationship between global deformations and impact velocity, and transition of failure modes. It also transpires that the present model can predict the “plateau” phenomenon, which shows a slight increase in ballistic limit as plate thickness increases. Furthermore, the energy absorption mechanisms are discussed on the basis of the theoretical analysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50892,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica","volume":"38 4","pages":"570 - 587"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144923185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jun Lv, Yi Yang, Miao Cui, Huayu Liu, Bingbing Xu, Xiaowei Gao
{"title":"Fracture Mechanics Analysis of Piezoelectric Materials Using an Efficient Collocation Element Differential Method","authors":"Jun Lv, Yi Yang, Miao Cui, Huayu Liu, Bingbing Xu, Xiaowei Gao","doi":"10.1007/s10338-024-00566-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10338-024-00566-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents a novel element differential method for modeling cracks in piezoelectric materials, aiming to simulate fracture behaviors and predict the fracture parameter known as the J-integral accurately. The method leverages an efficient collocation technique to satisfy traction and electric charge equilibrium on the crack surface, aligning internal nodes with piezoelectric governing equations without needing integration or variational principles. It combines the strengths of the strong form collocation and finite element methods. The J-integral is derived analytically using the equivalent domain integral method, employing Green's formula and Gauss's divergence theorem to transform line integrals into area integrals for solving two-dimensional piezoelectric material problems. The accuracy of the method is validated through comparison with three typical examples, and it offers fracture prevention strategies for engineering piezoelectric structures under different electrical loading patterns.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50892,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica","volume":"38 4","pages":"701 - 712"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144923142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inverse Design of a NURBS-Based Chiral Metamaterial Via Machine Learning for Programmable Mechanical Deformation","authors":"Xiuhui Hou, Wenhao Zhao, Kai Zhang, Zichen Deng","doi":"10.1007/s10338-024-00569-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10338-024-00569-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chiral metamaterials are manmade structures with extraordinary mechanical properties derived from their special geometric design instead of chemical composition. To make the mechanical deformation programmable, the non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) curves are taken to replace the traditional ligament boundaries of the chiral structure. The Neural networks are innovatively inserted into the calculation of mechanical properties of the chiral structure instead of finite element methods to improve computational efficiency. For the problem of finding structure configuration with specified mechanical properties, such as Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio or deformation, an inverse design method using the Neural network-based proxy model is proposed to build the relationship between mechanical properties and geometric configuration. To satisfy some more complex deformation requirements, a non-homogeneous inverse design method is proposed and verified through simulation and experiments. Numerical and test results reveal the high computational efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method in the design of chiral metamaterials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50892,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica","volume":"38 5","pages":"739 - 748"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}